Factors affecting the outcomes of tirofiban treatment in posterior circulation stroke.

Objective: Tirofiban is an effective treatment for ischemic stroke that is frequently used following early neurological deterioration (END). However, studies investigating the effects of tirofiban on patients with posterior circulation stroke (PCS) are scarce. Thus, this study aimed to explore factors affecting the outcomes of tirofiban in PCS.

Xanthan gum modulation of octenyl succinic anhydrate starch-based high internal phase emulsions: Characterization, rheological behavior, and 3D printing applications.

The growing popularity of three-dimensional (3D) food printing has highlighted the need for suitable printable materials. This study explores the impact of xanthan gum on octenyl succinic anhydride (OSA) starch-stabilized High Internal Phase Emulsions (HIPEs) for 3D food printing applications. Xanthan gum was added to increase the viscosity of the continuous phase, which helps to slow down the movement and reduce the collision of emulsion droplets.

Repurposing anti-osteoporosis drugs for autoimmune diseases: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Despite the increasing availability of therapeutic drugs for autoimmune diseases, many patients still struggle to achieve their treatment goals. Our aim was to identify whether drugs originally used to treat bone density could be applied to the treatment of autoimmune diseases through Mendelian randomization (MR).

Methods: Using summary statistics from genome-wide association studies, we used a two-sample MR design to estimate the correlation between autoimmune diseases and BMD-related drug targets.

Unraveling genetic threads: Identifying novel therapeutic targets for allergic rhinitis through Mendelian randomization.

Background: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a pervasive global health issue, and currently, there is a scarcity of targeted drug therapies available. This study aims to identify potential druggable target genes for AR using Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.

Methods: MR analysis was conducted to assess the causal effect of expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) in the blood on AR.

Predictive Value of Nutritional Risk for All-Cause Death and Functional Outcomes in Chinese Elderly Patients with Acute Stroke: A 3-Year Follow-Up Study.

Purpose: To explore the predictive value of nutritional risk for all-cause death and functional outcomes among elderly acute stroke patients.

Patients And Methods: A total of 479 elderly acute stroke patients were enrolled in this study. The nutritional risk of patients was screened by the GNRI and NRS-2002.

PEGylated-liposomal astaxanthin ameliorates Aβ neurotoxicity and Alzheimer-related phenotypes by scavenging formaldehyde.

Alzheimer's disease (AD), which is a prevailing type of dementia, presents a significant global health concern. The current therapies do not meet clinical expectations. Amyloid-beta (Aβ) has been found to induce endogenous formaldehyde (FA) accumulation by inactivating FA dehydrogenase (FDH); in turn, excessive FA triggers Aβ aggregation that eventually leads to AD onset.

Real-world evidence regarding the growth of very premature infants with small for gestational age after birth: a multicenter survey in China.

Background: To analyze the real-world growth pattern of very premature infants (VPI) with small for gestational age (SGA) after birth by using the ΔZ value of weight at discharge.

Methods: The clinical data were collected from 28 hospitals in China from September 2019 to December 2020. They were divided into the EUGR(Extrauterine Growth Restriction) and the non-EUGR group according to the criterion of ΔZ value of weight at discharge < -1.

Indobufen versus aspirin in patients with acute ischaemic stroke in China (INSURE): a randomised, double-blind, double-dummy, active control, non-inferiority trial.

Background: Aspirin is recommended for secondary stroke prevention in patients with moderate-to-severe ischaemic stroke but can lead to gastrointestinal intolerance and bleeding. Indobufen is used as an alternative antiplatelet agent in some countries, despite an absence of large-scale clinical trials for this indication. We tested the hypothesis that indobufen is non-inferior to aspirin in reducing the risk of new stroke at 90 days in patients with moderate-to-severe ischaemic stroke.

Photobiomodulation for Alzheimer's disease: photoelectric coupling effect on attenuating Aβ neurotoxicity.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) and dementia are the most worrying health problems faced by people globally today. Although the pathological features of AD consisting of amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques in the extracellular space (ECS) and intracellular tau tangles are well established, the developed medicines targeting these two proteins have not obtained the expected clinical effects. Photobiomodulation (PBM) describes the therapeutic use of red light (RL) or near-infrared light (NIR) to serve as a noninvasive neuroprotective strategy for brain diseases.

Fasting blood glucose-to-glycated hemoglobin ratio and all-cause mortality among Chinese in-hospital patients with acute stroke: a 12-month follow-up study.

Background: Stroke is a leading cause of death and functional impairment in older people. To assess the prospective association between fasting blood glucose-to-glycated hemoglobin ratio and all-cause mortality and poor prognosis in stroke patients.

Methods: A total of 971 Chinese inpatients with acute stroke (mean age of 65.

Identification of a large homozygous SPG21 deletion in a Chinese patient with Mast syndrome.

A 37-year old man presented a slight delay in early developmental milestones, cognitive decline, difficulty walking, cerebellar signs and extrapyramidal signs. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a thin corpus callosum, cerebral atrophy, non-specific white-matter hyperintensity, and cerebellar atrophy. The genetic test revealed a putative homozygous deletion in SPG21 from exon 3 through exon 7, which was further validated by long-range primer-walking PCR.

Formaldehyde-Crosslinked Nontoxic Aβ Monomers to Form Toxic Aβ Dimers and Aggregates: Pathogenicity and Therapeutic Perspectives.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by the presence of senile plaques in the brain. However, medicines targeting amyloid-beta (Aβ) have not achieved the expected clinical effects. This review focuses on the formation mechanism of the Aβ dimer (the basic unit of oligomers and fibrils) and its tremendous potential as a drug target.

Dynamic Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratios Predict Short-term Prognostic Outcome of Thrombolysis in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke.

Aim: The main purpose of this study was to investigate the dynamic changes of neutrophils-lymphocytes ratios (NLRs) in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and their relationships with 3-month prognostic outcomes.

Methods: Two hundred ninety-one patients with AIS were included in this study, followed up for 3 months. At admission, 1 and 7 days after recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (r-tPA) injection, blood samples were obtained.

Red cell index: A novel biomarker for 3-month mortality in acute ischemic stroke patients treated with intravenous thrombolysis.

Background: The red cell index (RCI) was described as a biomarker for evaluating respiratory function in previous studies, but the relationship between RCI and stroke, remained a mystery. The present study aimed to probe the association between RCI at 24-hr and 3-month mortality and functional outcomes among acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients treated with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (r-tPA).

Methods: A total of 217 AIS patients between January 2016 and January 2019 were recruited in this retrospective study.

Comparing the prognostic significance of nutritional screening tools and ESPEN-DCM on 3-month and 12-month outcomes in stroke patients.

Background And Aims: Malnutrition is prevalent among individuals with acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) and may worsen clinical outcomes. There is no consensus on the best tool for nutritional screening in this population. The present study compared four screening tools and one diagnostic tool in terms of their prognostic significance in predicting short-term and long-term outcomes in AIS patients.

MYORG Mutation Heterozygosity Is Associated With Brain Calcification.

Background: Biallelic mutations in the MYORG gene were first identified as the cause of recessively inherited primary familial brain calcification. Interestingly, some heterozygous carriers also exhibited brain calcifications.

Objectives: To further investigate the role of single heterozygous MYORG mutations in the development of brain calcifications.

Mechanism investigation on the enhanced photocatalytic oxidation of nonylphenol on hydrophobic TiO nanotubes.

Enhanced and selective photocatalytic oxidation of nonylphenol (NP), a typical hydrophobic endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), was realized on hydrophobic titanium dioxide nanotubes (H-TiONTs), which was fabricated by an electrochemical anodization method, followed by grafting of perfluorooctyl groups. The water contact angle of catalyst surface changed from 21.1° to 128.

Evaluation of MYORG mutations as a novel cause of primary familial brain calcification.

Background: Very recently, the MYORG gene was identified as a novel causative gene for autosomal-recessive primary familial brain calcification.

Objective: To investigate the clinical, genetic, and neuroradiological characteristics of primary familial brain calcification patients with biallelic MYORG mutations in China.

Methods: We collected clinical and neuroradiological data of 169 Chinese patients with primary familial brain calcification, including 151 sporadic patients and 18 patients from 13 families compatible with an autosomal-recessive mode of inheritance.

Cathodic photoelectrochemical detection of PCB101 in environmental samples with high sensitivity and selectivity.

A novel cathodic photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensing method was developed for fast and convenient detection of PCB101 taking advantages of the excellent PEC reducibility of Pd quantum dots (QDs) modified molecularly imprinted TiO nanorods (NRs). Attributed to the efficient PEC reduction of PCB101 on the cathode surface, sensitive cathodic photocurrent would be produced with increasing PCB101 concentration under a negative bias potential, giving a low PCB101 detection limit of 5×10molL. Meanwhile, molecular imprinting (MI) technique was integrated by in situ introduction of MI sites on the surface of TiO NRs, so that highly specific adsorption and reduction of PCB101 congener could be obtained.

Does Prior Antiplatelet Treatment Increase the Risk of Hemorrhagic Transformation and Unfavorable Outcome on Day 90 after Intravenous Thrombolysis in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients?

Background: The effect of prior antiplatelet (AP) therapy on the risk of hemorrhagic transformation (HT), and on functional outcomes of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) after intravenous thrombolysis (IVT), is not known. We performed a retrospective analysis to determine whether history of AP therapy is associated with post-thrombolysis HT and poor prognosis in AIS patients.

Methods: Data pertaining to 145 patients with AIS, who underwent IVT between October 2008 and January 2015, were analyzed.

[Effects of propranolol on oxygen-induced retinal neovascularization in mouse].

Objective: To investigate whether propranolol application as collyrium or intraperitoneal (IP) injection can promote the recovery of oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR).

Method: Thirty-six 7-day-old mice were divided into the following 6 groups: normal control, propranolol eye drops, propranolol IP injection, eye drops negative control, IP injection negative control, and pathological model with 6 mice in each. In a typical model of OIR, litters of mice pups with their nursing mothers were exposed to an infant incubator to high oxygen concentration (75 ± 5)% between postnatal day (PD) 7 and PD12, prior to returning to room air.