Transcriptome Analysis and Identification of Cadmium-Induced Oxidative Stress Response Genes in Different Developmental Stages.

Cadmium (Cd) is one of the major pollutants in the aquatic environment, and it can easily accumulate in aquatic animals and result in toxic effects by changing the metabolism of the body, causing a serious impact on the immune system, reproductive system, and the development of offspring. The clam is one of the commercially important species that is cultivated in large-scale aquaculture in China. To elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms of Cd in the developmental processes, fertilized eggs and larvae of at different developmental stages were exposed to Cd (27.

Assessment of toxic metal pollution in Yueqing Bay and the extent of metal-induced oxidative stress in Tegillarca granosa raised in this water.

Yueqing Bay is an important economic shellfish culture zone in Zhejiang Province, China. However, increased pollution in the water caused by toxic metals has led to the bioaccumulation of toxic metals in cockles such as Tegillarca granosa, and the consequence of toxic metal-associated toxicity in these animals. This study aimed to assess the concentration of toxic metals in the water and sediment in four different sites (Baisha, Qingjiang, Nanyue, and Wengyang) within Yueqing Bay and to evaluate the extent of metal bioaccumulation in T.

Cadmium-induced oxidative stress in Meretrix meretrix gills leads to mitochondria-mediated apoptosis.

Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most important marine environmental pollutants that can cause oxidative damage and apoptosis in living organisms, and mitochondria are the key cell organelles affected by Cd toxicity. In this study, we investigated the effect of Cd on the mitochondria in the gill cells of the clam Meretrix meretrix and the underlying mechanism of mitochondria-mediated apoptosis following exposure to the metal. Exposure of the clams to artificial seawater containing 1.

Assessment spermatogenic cell apoptosis and the transcript levels of metallothionein and p53 in Meretrix meretrix induced by cadmium.

Cadmium (Cd) has been widely used in industry and can accumulate in the water, soil, and food. Meretrix meretrix is one of the marine shellfishes cultivated for economic purpose in China. The increasing Cd levels in coastal marine water could adversely affect the economic benefits of shellfish cultivation.

Changes in oxidative stress biomarkers in Sinonovacula constricta in response to toxic metal accumulation during growth in an aquaculture farm.

Clam farming comprises an important part of China's economy. However, increasing pollution in the ocean caused by toxic metals has led to the bioaccumulation of toxic metals in marine animals, especially the bivalves such as clams, and the consequence of heavy metal-associated toxicity in these animals. Such toxicity can enhance the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) within the tissues of the animals.

Cell damage and apoptosis in the hepatopancreas of Eriocheir sinensis induced by cadmium.

Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most common pollutants in the environment and it is known to cause a range of tissue damages and apoptosis in invertebrates. In this study, we investigated the effect of Cd on the hepatopancreas of the crab Eriocheir sinensis, a commercially and ecologically important species of crustacean. The crabs were first exposed to water containing different concentrations of Cd (0, 0.

Cadmium induced oxidative damage and apoptosis in the hepatopancreas of Meretrix meretrix.

Even trace amounts of cadmium (Cd), a non-essential metal, are known to be toxic to aquatic organisms. Here we investigated the relationship between cadmium ion (Cd(2+)) exposure and oxidative damage and apoptosis in the hepatopancreas of the clam Meretrix meretrix. Clams were exposed to different concentrations of Cd(2+) (0, 1.

The fine structure of coelomocytes in the sipunculid Phascolosoma esculenta.

Ultrastructural characteristics of coelomocytes of the sipunculid Phascolosoma esculenta were studied by transmission electron microscopy. There are several cell types in the coelomic fluid, including three kinds of granulocytes, vesicular cells, germ cells, amoebocytes, phagocytes, and erythrocytes; there are also a new cell complex which is composed of podocytes and granular cells. And several other cell types (erythrocyte and different kinds of granulocytes) gathering together was discovered in the coelomic fluid of P.

KIFC1 participates in acrosomal biogenesis, with discussion of its importance for the perforatorium in the Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis.

Spermatogenesis is a complicated process during which spermatogonia undergo proliferation and divisions leading, after a series of dramatic changes, to the production of mature spermatozoa. Many molecular motors are involved in this process. KIFC1, a C-terminal kinesin motor, participates in acrosome biogenesis and nuclear shaping.

Ultrastructure of spermatozoa of Bullacta exarata (philippi) and its significance on reproductive evolution and physio-ecological adaptation.

The morphology and ultrastructure of Bullacta exarata spermatozoa observed by light and transmission electron microscopy are presented in this paper. The spermatozoa is composed of head with a simple acrosomal complex and an elongated nucleus, and tail with a midpiece, principal piece and an end piece. The midpiece consists of a mitochondrial ring, and the principal piece is composed of axoneme and lateral fin.