A monomeric structure of human TMEM63A protein.

OSCA/TMEM63 is a newly identified family of mechanically activated (MA) ion channels in plants and animals, respectively, which convert physical forces into electrical signals or trigger intracellular cascades and are essential for eukaryotic physiology. OSCAs and related TMEM16s and transmembrane channel-like (TMC) proteins form homodimers with two pores. However, the molecular architecture of the mammalian TMEM63 proteins remains unclear.

Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Mortality Risk Prediction Based on Artificial Intelligence: The CTPF Model.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) needs a precise prediction method for its prognosis. This study took advantage of artificial intelligence (AI) deep learning to develop a new mortality risk prediction model for IPF patients. We established an artificial intelligence honeycomb segmentation system that segmented the honeycomb tissue area automatically from 102 manually labeled (by radiologists) cases of IPF patients' CT images.

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus E protein suppresses RIG-I signaling-mediated interferon-β production.

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) encodes many multifunctional proteins that inhibit host innate immune response during virus infection. As one of important structural proteins, PEDV E protein has been found to block the production of type I interferon (IFN) in virus life cycle, but little is known about this process that E protein subverts host innate immune. Thus, in this present study, we initiated the construction of eukaryotic expression vectors to express PEDV E protein.

Lipid raft-associated PI3K/Akt/SREBP1 signaling regulates coxsackievirus A16 (CA16) replication.

Coxsackievirus A16 (CA16) is one of predominant Enterovirus that possesses high pathogenicity. Lipid rafts, as cholesterol - and sphingolipid - enriched membrane nanodomains, are involved into many aspects of the virus life cycle. Our previous study found that lipid rafts integrity was essential for CA16 replication, but how lipid rafts regulate CA16 replication through activating downstream signaling remains largely unknown.

The accessory protein ORF3 of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus inhibits cellular interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 productions by blocking the nuclear factor-κB p65 activation.

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is an enveloped, single-stranded positive-sense RNA virus that belongs to a porcine entero-pathogenic alphacoronavirus, causing lethal watery diarrhea in piglets. Despite existing study reports the sole accessory protein ORF3 identified as NF-κB antagonist, the contribution of PEDV ORF3 to production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines mediated by NF-κB signaling remains largely unknown. Thus in this present study, we showed that PEDV ORF3 protein significantly inhibited the productions of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-8.

Comprehensive analysis of synonymous codon usage patterns in orf3 gene of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus in China.

The ORF3 protein of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is found to function as an ion channel which influences virus virulence and production. Taking consideration of the importance of PEDV orf3 gene, we have performed comprehensive analysis to investigate its synonymous codon usage patterns. In this study, the results of base composition analysis showed A/T rich and G/C poor in PEDV orf3 genes, and the most abundant base was nucleotide T.

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus ORF3 protein causes endoplasmic reticulum stress to facilitate autophagy.

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), the causative agent of PED, is an enveloped, positive-stranded RNA virus in the genus Alphacoronavirus, family Coronaviridae, order Nidovirales. PEDV non-structural accessory protein ORF3 is an ion channel related to viral infectivity and pathogenicity. Our previous study showed that PEDV ORF3 has expression characteristic of aggregation in cytoplasm, but its biological function remains elusive.

Enterovirus 71 inhibits cytoplasmic stress granule formation during the late stage of infection.

Stress granules (SGs) are host translationally silent ribonucleo-proteins formed in cells in response to multiple types of environmental stress, including viral infection. We previously showed that the nuclear protein, 68-kDa Src-associated in mitosis protein (Sam68), is recruited to cytoplasm and form the Sam68-positive SGs at 6 hpi, but the Sam68-positive SGs disassembled beyond 12 hpi, suggesting that the SGs might be inhibited during the late stage of Enterovirus 71 (EV71) infection. However, the mechanism and function of this process remains poorly understood.

Development of an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for the Detection of Tyramine as an Index of Freshness in Meat and Seafood.

A competitive indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ciELISA) using a polyclonal antibody was developed to detect tyramine in meat and seafood. This ciELISA had a 50% inhibition concentration (IC) of 0.20 mg/L and a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.

Upconversion Nanoparticles and Monodispersed Magnetic Polystyrene Microsphere Based Fluorescence Immunoassay for the Detection of Sulfaquinoxaline in Animal-Derived Foods.

A novel fluorescence immunoassay for detecting sulfaquinoxaline (SQX) in animal-derived foods was developed using NaYF4:Yb/Tm upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) conjugated with antibodies as fluorescence signal probes, and monodisperse magnetic polystyrene microspheres (MMPMs) modified with coating antigen as immune-sensing capture probes for trapping and separating the signal probes. Based on a competitive immunoassay format, the detection limit of the proposed method for detecting SQX was 0.1 μg L(-1) in buffer and 0.

A novel and sensitive fluorescence immunoassay for the detection of fluoroquinolones in animal-derived foods using upconversion nanoparticles as labels.

A novel fluorescence immunoassay to detect fluoroquinolones in animal-derived foods was developed for the first time by use of upconversion nanoparticles as signal-probe labels. The bioassay system was established by the use of coating-antigen-modified polystyrene particles as immune-sensing probes for separation and anti-norfloxacin monoclonal antibody conjugated with carboxyl-functionalized NaYF4:Yb,Er upconversion nanoparticles which were prepared via a pyrolysis method and a subsequent ligand exchange process as fluorescent-signal probes (emission intensity recorded at 542 nm with excitation at 980 nm). Under optimized conditions, detection of fluoroquinolones was performed easily.