PSTPIP2 protects against alcoholic liver injury and invokes STAT3-mediated suppression of apoptosis.

Alcoholic liver injury (ALI) stands as a prevalent affliction within the spectrum of complex liver diseases. Prolonged and excessive alcohol consumption can pave the way for liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and even hepatocellular carcinoma. Recent findings have unveiled the protective role of proline serine-threonine phosphatase interacting protein 2 (PSTPIP2) in combating liver ailments.

Ginsenoside Rb for overcoming cisplatin-insensitivity of A549/DDP cells in vitro and vivo through the dual-inhibition on two efflux pumps of ABCB1 and PTCH1.

Background: The multi-drug resistance is an inherent weakness in the chemotherapeutics of non-small cell lung cancer occurring frequently all over the world. Clinically, ginseng and Chinese medicinal prescriptions including ginseng usually used as anti-tumor adjuncts due to its characteristic of qi-invigorating, which could improve the curative effect of chemotherapy drugs and reduce their toxic side effects. Triterpenoid saponins are the crucial active ingredients in Panax ginseng, and Ginsenoside Rb is of the highest quantities.

BRD4 promotes hepatic stellate cells activation and hepatic fibrosis via mediating P300/H3K27ac/PLK1 axis.

Hepatic fibrosis (HF) is a reversible wound-healing response characterized by excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition and secondary to persistent chronic injury. Bromodomain protein 4 (BRD4) commonly functions as a "reader" to regulate epigenetic modifications involved in various biological and pathological events, but the mechanism of HF remains unclear. In this study, we established a CCl-induced HF model and spontaneous recovery model in mice and found aberrant BRD4 expression, which was consistent with the results in human hepatic stellate cells (HSCs)- LX2 cells in vitro.

Berberine Ameliorates Abnormal Lipid Metabolism via the Adenosine Monophosphate-Activated Protein Kinase/Sirtuin 1 Pathway in Alcohol-Related Liver Disease.

Alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD) is an early stage of alcohol-related liver disease characterized by abnormal lipid metabolism in hepatocytes. To date, to our knowledge, there have been no effective strategies for preventing or treating alcohol-related liver disease besides alcohol abstinence. Berberine (BBR) is the main bioactive ingredient extracted from traditional Chinese medicines, such as Coptis and Scutellaria, which protect liver function and relieve liver steatosis.

Two new dammarane-type saponins from radix and rhizomes of C. A. Meyer.

Two new dammarane-type ginsenosides elucidated as 6--[-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)--D-glucopyranosyl]-dammar-24-ene-3, 6, 12, 20-tetraol, named 20()-Ginsenoside Re (); 6--[-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)--D-glucopyranosyl]-20--[-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)--D-glucopyranosyl]-dammar-24-ene-3, 6, 12, 20-tetraol, named 20()-Ginsenoside Re (); along with one steroidal saponin () and six known triterpenoid ginsenosides (, , , , and ) were isolated from the radix and rhizomes of mountain-cultivated ginseng ( ginseng C. A. Meyer, family Araliaceae).

PLCL1 regulates fibroblast-like synoviocytes inflammation via NLRP3 inflammasomes in rheumatoid arthritis.

Background: Phospholipase C-like 1 (PLCL1), a protein that lacks catalytic activity, has similar structures to the PLC family. The aim of this research was to find the function and underlying mechanisms of PLCL1 in fibroblast-like synoviocyte (FLS) of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods: In this study, we first analyzed the expression of PLCL1 in the synovial tissue of RA patients and K/BxN mice by immunohistochemical staining.

7-O-(2- (Propylamino)-2-oxoethyl) hesperetin attenuates inflammation and protects against alcoholic liver injury by NLRP12.

Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a liver disease caused by long-term heavy drinking. Alcoholic liver injury is a part of alcoholic liver disease. A large number of studies have shown that alcohol metabolism and endotoxin / lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and cycles can cause massive activation of macrophages, leading alcoholic liver injury.

Role of the S100 protein family in rheumatoid arthritis.

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease characterized by synovial hyperplasia, inflammatory cell infiltration, and proliferation of inflammatory tissue (angiogranuloma). The destruction of joints and surrounding tissues eventually causes joint deformities and dysfunction or even loss. The S100 protein family is one of the biggest subtribes in the calcium-binding protein family and has more than 20 members.

Two new dammarane-type ginsenosides from ginseng.

Two new dammarane-type ginsenosides elucidated as 3-O-[-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)--D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)--D-glucopyranosyl]-20-O-[-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)--D-glucopyranosyl]-20()-protopanaxadiol, named Ginsenoside Rb(); ()-6-O-Dglucopyranosyldammar20(22), 24diene, , -triol, named (20)-Ginsenoside Rh (); along with five known ginsenosides(, , , , ) were isolated from the radix and rhizome of wild ginseng ( ginseng). The structures were determined by chemical and comprehensive spectroscopic analysis, including 1D, 2D NMR, HR-ESI-MS and hydrolysis reaction.

Research progress on naturally-occurring and semi-synthetic ocotillol-type ginsenosides in the genus Panax L. (Araliaceae).

Ocotillol (OT)-type ginsenosides, one subtype of ginsenosides, consist of a dammarane skeleton and a tetrahydrofuran ring. Most naturally-occurring OT-type ginsenosides exist in Panax species, particularly in Panax quinquefolius, which may be attributed to the warm and humid climate of its native areas. Till now, merely 28 types of naturally-occurring OT-type ginsenosides have been isolated.

Simultaneous determination of 19 constituents in Cimicifugae Rhizoma by HPLC-DAD and screening for antioxidants through DPPH free radical scavenging assay.

Cimicifugae Rhizoma (sheng ma) is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine, which has been demonstrated to possess anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and analgesic activities. In the present study, a simple and efficient HPLC-DAD (high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detection) method was developed and validated for simultaneous quantification of 19 chemical components (including 16 phenolic acids, one coumarin and two alkaloids) in Cimicifugae Rhizoma. The result indicated that this method could effectively evaluate the quality of Cimicifugae Rhizoma and provide a valuable reference for further study.

Cytotoxic triterpenoid saponins from the root of (Maxim.) Pei.

Two new triterpenoid saponins, tomentoside T () and tomentoside T (), together with eleven known compounds () were obtained from ethyl acetate extracts of (Maxim.) Pei by bioactivity-guided isolation. Their structures were elucidated by chemical and spectral analysis, including 1D, 2D NMR data and HRESIMS.