Production of fumaric acid by immobilized Rhizopus arrhizus RH 7-13-9# on loofah fiber in a stirred-tank reactor.

Fumaric acid is an important building-block chemical. The production of fumaric acid by fermentation is possible. Loofah fiber is a natural, biodegradable, renewable polymer material with highly sophisticated and pore structure.

Preparation of hydrolytic liquid from dried distiller's grains with solubles and fumaric acid fermentation by Rhizopus arrhizus RH 7-13.

Fumaric acid production from lignocellulosic materials is an alternative chemicals production system. This work investigated the suitable conditions for hydrolysis of dried distiller's grains with solubles (DDGS). The hydrolytic liquid was subsequently used for the production of fumaric acid.

Co-fermentation of a mixture of glucose and xylose to fumaric acid by Rhizopus arrhizus RH 7-13-9.

Lignocellulose is the most abundant biomass, composed of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. It can be converted into glucose and xylose, which could be utilized as carbon source to produce fumaric acid. But glucose and xylose were commonly used separately to produce fumaric acid, while the co-fermentation of glucose and xylose process was not studied so far.

Food Waste Fermentation to Fumaric Acid by Rhizopus arrhizus RH7-13.

Fumaric acid as a four-carbon unsaturated dicarboxylic acid is widely used in the food and chemical industries. Food waste (FW), rich in carbohydrates and protein, is a promising potential feedstock for renewable bio-based chemicals. In this research, we investigated the capability of Rhizopus arrhizus RH7-13 in producing fumaric acid from FW.