Jianpi-Huatan-Huoxue-Anshen formula ameliorates gastrointestinal inflammation and microecological imbalance in chemotherapy-treated mice transplanted with H22 hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Jianpi-Huatan-Huoxue-Anshen formula [Tzu-Chi cancer-antagonizing & life-protecting II decoction (TCCL)] is a Chinese medical formula that has been clinically shown to reduce the gastrointestinal side effects of chemotherapy in cancer patients and improve their quality of life. However, its effect and mechanism on the intestinal microecology after chemotherapy are not yet clear.

Aim: To discover the potential mechanisms of TCCL on gastrointestinal inflammation and microecological imbalance in chemotherapy-treated mice transplanted with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Comprehensive risk factor predictions for 3-year survival among HIV-associated and disseminated cryptococcosis involving lungs and central nervous system.

Background: The global mortality rate resulting from HIV-associated cryptococcal disease is remarkably elevated, particularly in severe cases with dissemination to the lungs and central nervous system (CNS). Regrettably, there is a dearth of predictive analysis regarding long-term survival, and few studies have conducted longitudinal follow-up assessments for comparing anti-HIV and antifungal treatments.

Methods: A cohort of 83 patients with HIV-related disseminated cryptococcosis involving the lung and CNS was studied for 3 years to examine survival.

Research Progress in Interfacial Characteristics and Strengthening Mechanisms of Rare Earth Metal Oxide-Reinforced Copper Matrix Composites.

The existence of a small amount of rare earth metal oxides (REMOs) can greatly affect the structure and function of copper matrix composites owing to improvement of surface and interface properties between REMOs and metal matrix, and there are still some challenges concerning interfaces and complex interfacial reactions. This review summarizes the interfacial characteristics and strengthening mechanisms of REMO-reinforced copper matrix composites, including fabrication methods for solving rare earth metal oxide-dispersion problems and characterization of the microstructure and properties of REMO-reinforced copper matrix composites. In particular, the strengthening effects of various rare earth metal oxide-reinforced copper matrix composites are systematically summarized.

National Epidemiology and Evolutionary History of Four Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease-Related Enteroviruses in China from 2008 to 2016.

Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is a major public health concern in China. The most predominant enteroviruses that cause HFMD have traditionally been attributed to enterovirus A71 (EVA71) and coxsackievirus A16 (CVA16). Since its first large outbreak in 2008, the dominant HFMD pathogens are constantly changing.

High proportion of coxsackievirus B3 genotype A in hand, foot and mouth disease in Zhenjiang, China, 2011-2016.

Background: Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is usually caused by EVA71 and CVA16 except for a few cases that are caused by non-EVA71 non-CAV16 enteroviruses. Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) is mostly associated with myocarditis, occasionally with HFMD.

Methods: The partial VP1 gene of enteroviruses were amplified and sequenced from 610 throat swabs from clinically confirmed HFMD children.

Altered respiratory virome and serum cytokine profile associated with recurrent respiratory tract infections in children.

Recurrent acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs) affect a large population, yet the specific decisive factors are largely unknown. Here we study a population of 4407 children diagnosed with ARTI, comparing respiratory virome and serum cytokine profiles associated with multiple ARTIs and single ARTI during a six-year period. The relative abundance of Propionibacterium phages is significantly elevated in multiple ARTIs compared to single ARTI group.

The dynamics of the hand, foot and mouth disease epidemic from 2008 to 2016 in Zhenjiang city, China.

Aim: To investigate the hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) epidemic in Zhenjiang, China from 2008 to 2016.

Materials & Methods: A total of 37,202 HFMD cases were investigated and 3707 nasopharyngeal swabs were detected for enterovirus RNA using RT-quantitative PCR.

Results: We first reported a mixed pattern of HFMD seasonal epidemic with a combination of single-peak and two-peak patterns in alternate years, and the occurrence of sporadic and epidemic outbreaks of HFMD in kindergartens in Zhenjiang.

[Influence of Chemical Pre-oxidation on Chloral Hydrate Formation of Threonine].

The influences of different chemical pre-oxidants, including sodium hypochlorite (NaClO), chlorine dioxide (ClO), permanganate (KMnO), hydrogen peroxide (HO), ozone (O) and ozone/hydrogen peroxide (O/HO), on chloral hydrate (CH) formation were studied for threonine that has the highest special chloral hydrate formation potential (SCHFP). Suitable pre-oxidants and corresponding optimal doses were determined to provide guidance for controlling chloral hydrate (CH) formation during drinking water treatment. The results indicated that the pre-oxidants that could decrease CH formation for one day incubation time (CH) were HO, ClO, KMnO and NaClO, and the corresponding suitable doses were 3, 0.

Complete Genome Sequence of Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus from Shanghai, China.

We report here the complete genome sequence of human respiratory syncytial virus isolated from an outpatient child with fever and respiratory symptoms in Shanghai, China, in 2014. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the full-length respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) genome sequence belongs to human RSV (HRSV) group A.