Two types of heavy precipitation in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau.

The southeastern Tibetan Plateau (SETP) is the preeminent summer heavy precipitation region within the Tibetan Plateau (TP). However, the large-scale circulation types and dynamics driving summer heavy precipitation in the SETP remain inadequately elucidated. Using the hierarchical clustering method, two distinctive atmospheric circulation patterns associated with heavy precipitation were identified: the Tibetan Plateau vortex type (TPVT, constituting 56.

Prevalence of bovine paratuberculosis in Chinese cattle populations: a meta-analysis.

Background: Bovine paratuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease of ruminants primarily caused by (MAP). It is essentially a chronic granulomatous enteritis characterized by intractable diarrhea, progressive lethargy, and thickening of the intestinal mucosa with the formation of crumpled pouches. Bovine paratuberculosis not only adversely affects milk production and the quality of dairy products but also poses a significant threat to the economic development of dairy farming and human food security.

Biopolymer Hydrogel-Based Salt-Resistant Evaporator for Solar-Energy-Driven Desalination and Water Purification.

Interfacial solar steam generation (ISSG) has recently received much attention as a low-carbon-footprint and high-energy-efficient strategy for seawater desalination and wastewater treatment. However, achieving the goals of a high evaporation rate, ecofriendliness, and high tolerance to salt ions in brine remains a bottleneck. Herein, a novel hydrogel-based evaporator for effective solar desalination was synthesized on the basis of sodium alginate (SA) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) incorporating a carbon nanotube (CNT)-wrapped melamine sponge (MS) through a simple dipping-drying-cross-linking process.

A doubled increasing trend of evapotranspiration on the Tibetan Plateau.

Estimation of evapotranspiration (ET) change on the Tibetan Plateau (TP) is essential to address the water requirement of billions of people surrounding the TP. Existing studies have shown that ET estimations on the TP have a very large uncertainty. In this article, we discuss how to more accurately quantify ET amount and explain its change on the TP.

Thermal Stability Improvement of Core Material via High Internal Phase Emulsion Gels.

Biocompatible particle-stabilized emulsions have gained significant attention in the biomedical industry. In this study, we employed dynamic high-pressure microfluidization (HPM) to prepare a biocompatible particle emulsion, which effectively enhances the thermal stability of core materials without the addition of any chemical additives. The results demonstrate that the HPM-treated particle-stabilized emulsion forms an interface membrane with high expansion and viscoelastic properties, thus preventing core material agglomeration at elevated temperatures.

Diagnostic accuracy of dual-energy CT for bone marrow edema in patients with acute knee injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Knee injuries are prevalent, and early diagnosis is crucial for guiding clinical therapy. MRI is the diagnostic gold standard for bone marrow edema (BME) in patients with acute knee injuries, yet there are still limitations. Dual-energy CT, a possible viable replacement, is being explored (DECT).

The function of Foxp1 represses β-adrenergic receptor transcription in the occurrence and development of bladder cancer through STAT3 activity.

Bladder cancer is a common malignant tumor. FOXP1 has been found to be abnormally expressed in tumors such as renal cell carcinoma and endometrial cancer. Here, this investigated the biological roles of Foxp1 in the occurrence and development of bladder cancer.

Prevalence of transmissible gastroenteritis among swine populations in China during 1983-2022: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), which belongs to the coronaviruses (CoVs), causes diarrhea and high mortality rates in piglets and poses a huge threat and loss to the pig industry in China.

Method: We estimated the prevalence of TGEV in Chinese pig animals from 1983 to 2022 by screening 36 papers on TGEV investigations in China from databases such as China Knowledge Network (CNKI), Wanfang Database, Science and Technology Journal Repository (VIP), PubMed, and ScienceDirect, excluding duplicate literature and other host studies according to the exclusion criteria we developed, and excluding literature with incomplete data to extract information from studies that could estimate the prevalence of TGEV infection in pigs in mainland China.

Results: A total of 36 studies (including data from 50,403 pigs) met our evaluation criteria.

Prevalence of clinical mastitis and its associated risk factors among dairy cattle in mainland China during 1982-2022: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Bovine mastitis is one of the most common and prevalent diseases affecting dairy cattle worldwide. It adversely affects the quality and quantity of milk production and leads to a significant economic loss for the farmers.

Methods: This article aimed to estimate the prevalence of clinical mastitis (CM) infection in mainland China using a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Persistent and enhanced carbon sequestration capacity of alpine grasslands on Earth's Third Pole.

The carbon sequestration capacity of alpine grasslands, composed of alpine meadows and steppes, in the Tibetan Plateau has an essential role in regulating the regional carbon cycle. However, inadequate understanding of its spatiotemporal dynamics and regulatory mechanisms restricts our ability to determine potential climate change impacts. We assessed the spatial and temporal patterns and mechanisms of the net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of carbon dioxide in the Tibetan Plateau.

Negative impacts of human disturbances on the seed bank of subalpine forests are offset by climatic factors.

Precipitation and temperature in the subalpine region have increased dramatically in recent decades due to global warming, and human disturbances have continued to impact the vegetation in the region. Seed bank plays an important role in population recovery, but there are few studies on the synergistic effects of human disturbances and climate change on seed bank. We analyzed the synergistic effects of human disturbances and climate change on seed bank samples from 20 sites in the subalpine coniferous forest region using grazing and logging as the disturbance intensity gradient and precipitation and temperature as climate variables.

Prevalence of bovine rotavirus among cattle in mainland China: A meta-analysis.

Background: Bovine rotavirus is the primary pathogen causing diarrhea in cattle and can be transmitted vertically through the placenta. It mainly presents with clinical signs such as depression, loss of appetite, diarrhea, vomiting, and dehydration.

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to assess the prevalence of BRV infection in mainland China.

Dual-Layer Multichannel Hydrogel Evaporator with High Salt Resistance and a Hemispherical Structure toward Water Desalination and Purification.

Interfacial solar steam generation technology has been considered as one of the most promising methods for seawater desalination. However, in practical applications, salt precipitation on the evaporation surface reduces the evaporation rate and impairs long-term stability. Herein, a dual-layer hydrogel-based evaporator that contains a microchannel-structured water-supplying layer and a nanoporous light-absorbing layer was synthesized via sol-gel transition and "hot-ice" template methods.

Prevalence of subclinical mastitis among dairy cattle and associated risks factors in China during 2012-2021: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Bovine mastitis, especially subclinical mastitis (SCM), is one of the most prevalent and economically costly diseases in the dairy industry worldwide. Understanding the prevalence and spatial distribution of bovine SCM and its associated risk factors will facilitate the prevention and control of the disease. We reviewed published studies pertaining to epidemiological surveys of SCM among dairy cows during the past decade (2012-2021) in China from inception to March 20, 2020, with PubMed, Clinical Trial, VIP, CNKI and databases being used to identify English and Chinese articles.

Kaolin-Enhanced Superabsorbent Composites: Synthesis, Characterization and Swelling Behaviors.

One type of low-cost and eco-friendly organic‒inorganic superabsorbent composite (SAPC) was synthesized by free radical polymerization of acrylic acid (AA), starch (ST), sodium alginate (SA) and kaolin (KL) in aqueous solution. The structure and morphology of the SAPC were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The influence of different reaction conditions on water absorption of SAPC, i.

Seroprevalence of influenza A (H9N2) virus infection among humans in China: A meta-analysis.

Herein, we conducted a meta-analysis aimed at comprehensively assessing avian influenza A (H9N2) virus infection seroprevalence and infection-related risk factors among humans in China. We reviewed published studies pertaining to H9N2 seroprevalence of in China from inception to March 20, 2020, with PubMed, Clinical Trial, VIP, CNKI and databases being used to identify English and Chinese articles. After excluding the incomplete literature and data, 45 studies about risk factor of human H9N2 viral infections in China were analyzed by systematic review and meta-analysis.

Maternal transfer of antibodies specific for avian influenza viruses in captive whooper swans (Cygnus cygnus).

The transfer of maternal antibodies to offspring can effectively protect against avian influenza virus (AIV) infection during early life in chickens and can prevent AIV spread by decreasing the overall percentage of the avian population susceptible to this pathogen. Herein, we evaluated maternal antibody transfer dynamics in whooper swans (Cygnus cygnus), which represent an important AIV host species. In total, 57 eggs from 19 nests were collected to study the relationship between egg yolk AIV-specific antibody concentrations and factors including egg size, laying order, maternal serum AIV antibody titer, and maternal body condition.

The molecular design of photo-curable and high-strength benzoxazine for 3D printing.

Low viscosity photo-curable benzoxazines (BZs) are designed and synthesized for use in stereolithography 3D printing. An initial investigation shows that the thermally polymerized polybenzoxazines (PBZs) have remarkably high T (264 °C) and flexural modulus (4.91 GPa) values.

In Situ Formation of 3D Conductive and Cell-Laden Graphene Hydrogel for Electrically Regulating Cellular Behavior.

Electroconductive and injectable hydrogels are attracting increasing attention owing to the needs of electrically induced regulation of cell behavior, tissue engineering of electroactive tissues, and achieving minimum invasiveness during tissue repair. In this study, a novel in situ formed 3D conductive and cell-laden hydrogel is developed, which can be broadly used in bioprinting, tissue engineering, neuroengineering etc. An instantaneous, uniform spatial distribution and encapsulation of cells can be achieved as a result of hydrogen bonding induced hydrogel formation.

The role of TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway and oxidative stress in the inhibition of osteoblast mineralization by copper chloride.

To explore the relationship of oxidative stress and TGF-β 1/Smad3 pathway in the inhibition of osteoblast mineralization by copper chloride (CuCl), the osteoblasts were treated with CuCl (0, 50 μM, 100 μM, 150 μM CuCl 5HO) for 24 h. We found that Cu impaired the osteoblast structure, inhibited the glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) content, mRNA expression of collagen I (COL-I), osteocalcin (OCN), insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and core-binding factor α1 (Cbfα1), promoted the reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, inactivated the TGF-β1/Smad3 pathway. It indicates that the inactivated TGF-β1/Smad3 pathway leads to osteoblast impairment by CuCl.

Technical note: Development of a closed-tube isothermal multiple self-matching-initiated amplification assay for visual detection of Staphylococcus aureus in milk samples.

Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most common mastitis-causing bacteria in dairy cows. It is associated with reduced production performance in animals and with huge financial losses for the dairy industry worldwide. An accurate and sensitive method for the early diagnosis and identification of Staph.

Surveillance of multiple subtype specific antibodies against avian influenza viruses among egg yolk in wild ducks from northeast China, 2017-2019.

Over the past decade, various avian influenza viruses have been isolated from wild ducks found in the northeast of China. To monitor the prevalence of multiple subtype specific AIVs antibodies, 1705 wild ducks' eggs from six wetlands of northeast China were analyzed for surveillance of H1, H3, H5, and H7 AIVs antibodies by c-ELISA and HI test from Jan 2017 to Dec 2019. The results show that the combined frequency of multiple subtype specific AIVs antibodies were H1 (12.

A microfiber scaffold-based 3D in vitro human neuronal culture model of Alzheimer's disease.

Increasing evidence indicates superiority of three-dimensional (3D) in vitro cell culture systems over conventional two-dimensional (2D) monolayer cultures in mimicking native in vivo microenvironments. Tissue-engineered 3D culture models combined with stem cell technologies have advanced Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis studies. However, existing 3D neuronal models of AD overexpress mutant genes or have heterogeneities in composition, biological properties and cell differentiation stages.

Establishment and application of isothermal amplification techniques for the detection of heat-stable I enterotoxin of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli.

The aim of this study was to establish isothermal multiple self-matching initiated amplification (IMSA) and cross-priming amplification (CPA) methods to detect heat-stable I enterotoxin (STa)-producing enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC). To avoid cross-contamination of aerosols, a closed independent isothermal amplification tube (IAT) was used to perform the assays. Optimal amplification conditions for IMSA and CPA were selected for specificity and sensitivity, respectively, and for clinical relevance.

Seroprevalence of highly pathogenic avian influenza (H5N1) virus infection among humans in mainland China: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Although the effective transmission of the H5N1 virus from humans to humans has yet to be further observed, humans are at increased risk of a pandemic caused by H5N1. In order to fully evaluate the seroprevalence and risk factor of highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1) virus infection among in mainland China, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis. In this review, we searched literature on the seroprevalence of H5N1 infection among humans in mainland China from 1 January 1997 to 20 October 2018 in English and Chinese databases, including PubMed, Google scholar, Cochrane library, Clinical Trial, VIP, CNKI and WanFang database.