Single phage proteins sequester signals from TIR and cGAS-like enzymes.

Prokaryotic anti-phage immune systems use TIR and cGAS-like enzymes to produce 1''-3'-glycocyclic ADP-ribose (1''-3'-gcADPR) and cyclic dinucleotide (CDN) and cyclic trinucleotide (CTN) signalling molecules, respectively, which limit phage replication. However, how phages neutralize these distinct and common systems is largely unclear. Here we show that the Thoeris anti-defence proteins Tad1 and Tad2 both achieve anti-cyclic-oligonucleotide-based anti-phage signalling system (anti-CBASS) activity by simultaneously sequestering CBASS cyclic oligonucleotides.

Inhibitory effect of on biofilm and mechanism exploration through metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses.

Introduction: was the primary pathogenic organism responsible for dental caries. (LJF) is a traditional herb in Asia and Europe and consumed as a tea beverage for thousands of years.

Methods: The inhibitory effect and mechanism of LJF on biofilm formation by was investigated.

Virtual Screening of Inhibitors of Biofilm from and Activity Validation.

In this study, potential inhibitors of biofilm were screened from using semiflexible molecular docking. A total of 88 metabolites from and 14 biofilm-related proteins of were analyzed, and 25 compounds were initially screened out. Subsequently, 9 compounds with higher availability were subjected to experimental validation, confirming that 6 of them effectively inhibit the biofilm formation.

"Sweet space" strategy for solvent system selection in countercurrent chromatography: A case study on separation of polyunsaturated fatty acids from borage oil.

This study presents a comprehensive strategy for the selection and optimization of solvent systems in countercurrent chromatography (CCC) for the effective separation of compounds. With a focus on traditional organic solvent systems, the research introduces a "sweet space" strategy that merges intuitive understanding with mathematical accuracy, addressing the significant challenges in solvent system selection, a critical bottleneck in the widespread application of CCC. By employing a combination of volume ratios and graphical representations, including both regular and trirectangular tetrahedron models, the proposed approach facilitates a more inclusive and user-friendly strategy for solvent system selection.

Bandgap-universal passivation enables stable perovskite solar cells with low photovoltage loss.

The efficiency and longevity of metal-halide perovskite solar cells are typically dictated by nonradiative defect-mediated charge recombination. In this work, we demonstrate a vapor-based amino-silane passivation that reduces photovoltage deficits to around 100 millivolts (>90% of the thermodynamic limit) in perovskite solar cells of bandgaps between 1.6 and 1.

Conductive nanofiltration membranes via in situ PEDOT-polymerization for electro-assisted membrane fouling mitigation.

Nanofiltration (NF) membranes play a pivotal role in water treatment; however, the persistent challenge of membrane fouling hampers their stable application. This study introduces a novel approach to address this issue through the creation of a poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT)-based conductive membrane, achieved by synergistically coupling interfacial polymerization (IP) with in situ self-polymerization of EDOT. During the IP reaction, the concurrent generation of HCl triggers the protonation of EDOT, activating its self-polymerization into PEDOT.

Phage anti-CBASS protein simultaneously sequesters cyclic trinucleotides and dinucleotides.

Cyclic-oligonucleotide-based anti-phage signaling system (CBASS) is a common immune system that uses cyclic oligonucleotide signals to limit phage replication. In turn, phages encode anti-CBASS (Acb) proteins such as Acb2, which can sequester some cyclic dinucleotides (CDNs) and limit downstream effector activation. Here, we identified that Acb2 sequesters many CDNs produced by CBASS systems and inhibits stimulator of interferon genes (STING) activity in human cells.

Anti-Biofilm Activity of Chlorogenic Acid against Using Quorum Sensing System.

Chlorogenic acid is a secondary metabolite produced by many traditional Chinese medicines. Its physiological activities (antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant activities, etc.) have been well described.

A countercurrent chromatography solvent system based on deep eutectic solvents for separation of cis- and trans-crocetin from Gardenia jasminoides Ellis.

Due to the structural similarity and large difference in concentration, the separation of trans- and cis-crocetin has been challenging, and the cis-crocetin is usually neglected. In this work, a countercurrent chromatography method was developed for the quick separation of trans-crocetin and cis-crocetin from the hydrolytic extract of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis. High purity of trans-crocetin (>95%) and cis-crocetin (>91%) were prepared simultaneously for the first time through a novel biphasic system based on deep eutectic solvents, n-heptane/n-butyl alcohol/13 mmol/L Na CO in water/acetamide-benzyltrimethylammonium chloride (4:1, mol/mol) (4:7:9:1, v/v).

Rapid extraction of bioactive compounds from gardenia fruit using new and recyclable deep eutectic solvents.

The utilization of deep eutectic solvent as an alternative and environmentally friendly option has gained significant attention. This study first proposed a series of benzylammonium chloride based-deep eutectic systems for the extraction of bioactive compounds from Gardenia jasminoides Ellis. Through the implementation of response surface methodology, the optimal solvent was determined to be dodecyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride-levulinic acid (1:3, mol/mol) with 35% (v/v) water, specifically tailored to extract geniposide, genipin-1-β-d-gentiobioside, crocin-1, and crocin-2 from gardenia fruits with the ratio of solid to liquid of 1:20 at 86°C for 16 min.

Research Progress of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Edible Oil-A Review.

Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) have been widely used in different types of consumer and industrial applications such as surfactants, household cleaning products, textiles, carpets, cosmetics, firefighting foams, and food packaging because of their good stability and special physicochemical properties of hydrophobicity, oleophobicity, high temperature resistance, etc. Meanwhile, PFASs are considered an emerging organic pollutant due to their persistence and potential toxicity to human health. PFASs occur in edible oil, an important component of the global diet, mainly in three ways: raw material contamination, process contamination, and migration from oil contact materials.

Development of a general separation strategy by countercurrent chromatography using sanshools from Zanthoxylum bungeanum oleoresin as a case study.

Three kinds of sanshools were separated from Zanthoxylum bungeanum oleoresin by high-speed countercurrent chromatography. Sanshools are a series of amide compounds extracted from the Zanthoxylum bungeanum. Due to similar structures, polarities, and dissociation constants, it was challenging to select an appropriate solvent system for their complete separation by countercurrent chromatography.

Locking Patterned Carbon Nanotube Cages by Nanofibrous Mats to Construct Cucurbituril[n]-Based Ultrapermselective Dye/Salt Separation Membranes.

Surface patterning is a promising strategy to overcome the trade-off effect of separation membranes. Herein, a bottom-up patterning strategy of locking micron-sized carbon nanotube cages (CNCs) onto a nanofibrous substrate is developed. The strongly enhanced capillary force triggered by the abundant narrow channels in CNCs endows the precisely patterned substrate with excellent wettability and antigravity water transport.

Improving the Photocatalytic Activity of TiC MXene by Surface Modification of N Doped.

Methyl orange dye (MO) is one of the azo dyes, which is not only difficult to degrade but also hazardous to human health, therefore, it is necessary to develop an efficient photocatalyst to degrade MO. In this paper, a facile and low-cost elemental doping method was used for the surface modification of TiC MXene, i.e.

The Study of a Novel Paeoniflorin-Converting Enzyme from .

Paeoniflorin is a glycoside compound found in Pall that is used in traditional herbal medicine and shows various protective effects on the cardio-cerebral vascular system. It has been reported that the pharmacological effects of paeoniflorin might be generated by its metabolites. However, the bioavailability of paeoniflorin by oral administration is low, which greatly limits its clinical application.

Bacteriophages inhibit and evade cGAS-like immune function in bacteria.

A fundamental strategy of eukaryotic antiviral immunity involves the cGAS enzyme, which synthesizes 2',3'-cGAMP and activates the effector STING. Diverse bacteria contain cGAS-like enzymes that produce cyclic oligonucleotides and induce anti-phage activity, known as CBASS. However, this activity has only been demonstrated through heterologous expression.

Volatile Metabolome and Aroma Differences of Six Cultivars of Blossoms.

is a traditional Chinese plant with high ornamental and application values due to its very early blooming and unique fragrance. Long-term breeding and cultivation have resulted in a variety of blossoms and have made their exploitation more possible. Existing studies on the volatile metabolome and aroma of blossoms are limited.

Surface enrichment of Ir on the IrRu alloy for efficient and stable water oxidation catalysis in acid.

Inducing the surface enrichment of active noble metal can not only help to stabilize the catalyst but also modify the catalytic performance of the catalyst through electronic and geometric effects. Herein, we report the surface enrichment of Ir on IrRu alloy during the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The surface enrichment of Ir was probed by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), and electrochemical Cu stripping, leading to complementary characterizations of the dynamic reconstruction of the IrRu alloy during OER.

Synergistic capture and conversion of polysulfides in cathode composites with multidimensional framework structures.

The application of lithium-sulfur batteries are seriously hindered by their poor cycle stability and low sulfur utilization due to their inevitable polysulfide shuttle effect and slow reaction kinetics. Here, MoC nanorods that were surface-decorated with metallic-organic framework-derived nitrogen-doped carbon and ultrasmall cobalt nanoparticles (NC-Co@MoC) were used as the materials for lithium-sulfur battery cathodes. The prepared NC-Co@MoC@S composites had the specific capacity of 1073 mAh·g (0.

Voltage-Gated Membranes Incorporating Cucurbit[]uril Molecular Containers for Molecular Nanofiltration.

Smart voltage-gated nanofiltration membranes have enormous potential for on-demand and precise separation of similar molecules, which is an essential element of sustainable water purification and resource recovery. However, the existing voltage-gated membranes are hampered by limited selectivity, stability, and scalability due to electroactive monomer dimerization. Here, for the first time, the host-guest recognition properties of cucurbit[7]uril (CB[7]) are used to protect the viologen derivatives and promote their assembly into the membrane by interfacial polymerization.

The Efficacy of Needle-Warming Moxibustion Combined with Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy for Ischemic Stroke and Its Effect on Neurological Function.

Objective: To elucidate the therapeutic efficacy of needle-warming moxibustion (NWM) combined with hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) in the treatment of patients with ischemic stroke and its effect on neurological function.

Methods: One hundred patients with ischemic stroke admitted to the Xuzhou Medical University Affiliated Hospital of Lianyungang from January 2019 to July 2021 were enrolled. Among them, 45 patients treated with NWM were set as the control group, and the rest 55 patients treated by NWM combined with HBOT were included in the research group.