Bredigite-Based Bioactive Nerve Guidance Conduit for Pro-Healing Macrophage Polarization and Peripheral Nerve Regeneration.

Structural and functional healing of peripheral nerves damaged by trauma or chronic disease remain major clinical challenges, requiring the development of an effective nerve guidance conduit (NGC). The present study investigates a NGC fabrication strategy based on bredigite (BRT, CaMgSiO) bioceramic for the treatment of peripheral nerve injury. Here, BRT bioceramic shows good biocompatibility and sustainable release of Ca, Mg, and Si ions.

Decellularized periosteum promotes guided bone regeneration via manipulation of macrophage polarization.

Periosteum has shown potential as an effective barrier membrane for guided bone regeneration (GBR). However, if recognized as a "foreign body," insertion of a barrier membrane in GBR treatment will inevitably alter the local immune microenvironment and subsequently influence bone regeneration. The aim of this investigation was to fabricate decellularized periosteum (DP) and investigate its immunomodulatory properties in GBR.

Deep Circumflex Iliac Artery Flap Reconstruction in Brown Class I Defect of the Mandible Using a Three-Component Surgical Template System.

Background: Computer-assisted surgery is widely used in mandibular reconstruction, but the process is not well described for cases using the deep circumflex iliac artery flap (DCIA) as the donor site. This study aimed to present a DCIA-based three-component surgical template system (3-STS) in patients with a mandibular Brown class I defect.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study compared clinical outcomes of mandibular reconstruction with DCIA flap using 3-STS or conventional surgical templates.

Incidence of Internal Carotid Artery Stenosis in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients After Neck Dissection.

Objectives: To determine the incidence of progressive internal carotid artery stenosis (ICAS) by head and neck contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) in 45 patients who underwent neck dissection for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

Patients And Methods: The study included 45 patients who underwent head and neck contrast-enhanced CT before and after surgery for OSCC by the Hu Yongjie team at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology of Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital in 2016 and were followed up for 5 years.

Results: Comparison of the current CT with previously obtained head and neck contrast-enhanced CT images revealed progressive ICAS in 3 patients with a mean age of 50.

Astragaloside IV Protects Detrusor from Partial Bladder Outlet Obstruction-Induced Oxidative Stress by Activating Mitophagy through AMPK-ULK1 Pathway.

Aims: Bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) and the consequent low contractility of detrusor are the leading causes of voiding dysfunction. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the pharmacological activity of astragaloside IV (AS-IV), an antioxidant biomolecule that possess beneficial effect in many organs, on detrusor contractility and bladder wall remodeling process.

Methods: Partial BOO (pBOO) was created by urethral occlusion in female rats, followed by oral gavage of different dose of AS-IV or vehicle.

The Anterolateral Thigh Perforator Flap for Mandibular Reconstruction: A Volumetric and Patient Satisfaction Analysis.

Purpose: This study investigated the stability and quality of life (QoL) outcomes of patients who received mandibular reconstructions with the anterolateral thigh perforator flap (ALTF) following tumor resection.

Methods: Thirty-five patients with oral tumors that were resected and reconstructed with ALTF were included in this study. Volumetric analyses of each ALTF were performed at 6 to 18 months postoperatively.

Effect of Concentrated Growth Factor on Distraction Osteogenesis of Dental Implant Distractors.

Purpose: The periosteum of bone segments can be destroyed during the installation of a dental implant distractor (DID) device, resulting in bone defects on the exposed side of the distraction gap. The purpose of this animal experiment is to explore the application of concentrated growth factor (CGF) in DID surgery, which can induce angiogenesis and osteogenesis and improve osteogenesis defects caused by periosteum loss on the exposed side of bone segments.

Methods: CGF is the latest generation of platelet concentrate.

Solitary Neurofibroma of the Zygoma: Three-Dimensional Virtual Resection and Patient-Specific Polyetheretherketone Implant Reconstruction.

Intraosseous benign lesions rarely involve the zygoma, and intraosseous venous malformation is most commonly reported condition in the previous literature. A neurofibroma (NF) arising from the zygoma has not been reported before. Here, the authors present a 37-year-old female who developed solitary NF of the right zygoma.

Anticholinergics combined with alpha-blockers for treating lower urinary tract symptoms related to benign prostatic obstruction.

Background: Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) due to benign prostatic obstruction (BPO) represent one of the most common clinical complaints in men. Alpha-blockers are widely used as first-line therapy for men with LUTS secondary to BPO, but up to one third of men report no improvement in their LUTS after taking alpha-blockers. Anticholinergics used in addition to alpha-blockers may help improve symptoms but it is uncertain how effective they are.

A gland-sparing, intraoral sialolithotomy approach for hilar and intraparenchymal multiple stones in the submandibular gland.

Multiple intraglandular sialolithiasis for stones deep in the glandular parenchyma may require submandibulectomies, especially if sialendoscopic facilities are unavailable. We describe a gland-sparing intraoral sialolithotomy approach for both hilar and intraparenchymal multiple sialoliths. Nine patients with obstructive sialadenitis resulting from multiple sialoliths in both the deep hilar region and the submandibular gland parenchyma were selected for this study.

Clinical Application of Temporary External Fixator for Immediate Mandibular Reconstruction.

Immediate mandibular reconstruction is always necessary for the patients receiving segmental mandibulectomy to recover the facial contour and function of occlusion. When 3D modeling is unavailable, temporary external fixator is necessary to maintain the occlusion relationship and facial contour. In this study, we introduce the clinical application of temporary external fixator for immediate mandibular reconstruction in patients receiving segmental mandibulectomy, which consists of 2 anchor claws, 2 all-round retentive arms, and 1 central locking structure.

[Clinical treatment and prognosis of 52 cases of neurinoma in parotid region].

Purpose: To investigate the clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment, as well as prognosis of neurinoma in parotid region, in order to provide references for clinical treatment.

Methods: Fifty-two cases of neurinoma in parotid region treated between June 2000 to December 2013 were retrospectively investigated, including their clinical characteristics, imaging examination, diagnosis, therapies and prognosis. SPSS13.

Extending the Arc of Rotation of the Pectoralis Major Myocutaneous Flap for Orofacial Reconstruction via a Modified Subclavicular Route Through the Clavipectoral Fascia.

Purpose: Drawbacks of the conventional supraclavicular overlay of the pectoralis major myocutaneous flap (PMMF) include the resultant unesthetic cervical bulge and the limited cephalad extension that limits its use to mandibular or cervical defects. This study discusses the technique and comparative advantages of a more esthetic subclavicular route through the clavipectoral fascia that allows an increased arc of rotation to reconstruct orofacial defects.

Materials And Methods: Patients with orofacial defects that were reconstructed with a PMMF through the modified subclavicular route were included in this retrospective cohort study, which aimed to compare the gain in extension accorded through the modified subclavicular tunnel over an initial conventional supraclavicular overlay.

Influence of periosteal coverage on distraction osteogenesis with dental implant distractors.

Purpose: The continuity and integrity of the enveloping nutritive periosteum can be compromised during installation of a dental implant distractor (DID) device. This novel animal experiment investigated the influence of the periosteum on the bony regenerate in 3 scenarios of periosteal coverage: whole periosteum (WP), half periosteum (HP), and no periosteum (NP).

Materials And Methods: Twelve goat tibias were vertically osteotomized into 2 segments each and divided into 3 groups (WP, HP, and NP).

Opposing functions of PLAG1 in pleomorphic adenoma: a microarray analysis of PLAG1 transgenic mice.

Over-expression of the proto-oncogene pleomorphic adenoma gene 1 (PLAG1) plays a crucial role in the formation of pleomorphic adenoma, which is the most common type of salivary gland tumor. To understand the molecular mechanisms governing PLAG1-mediated tumorigenesis, we used a microarray-based approach to identify PLAG1 target genes. We validated the expression of several genes, including Bax, Fas, p53, p21, p16, Cyclin D1, Egfr, Trail-R/DR5, c-Fos, c-myc and Igf2, by real-time RT-PCR or western blotting.

Submandibular gland mucocele associated with a mixed ranula.

Mucoceles of the submandibular gland are extremely rare pathologic occurrences that present an investigative and management dilemma owing to their clinical indistinguishability from plunging ranulas. Of the few that have been documented, these mucous extravasation cysts involved the submandibular gland alone. We describe perhaps the first case of an extensive submandibular gland mucocele occurring in conjunction with a mixed ranula from the ipsilateral sublingual gland, and discuss the various considerations in the management of such lesions.

Influence of periosteal coverage on the osteointegration and stability of dental implant distractors.

Objectives: Dental implant distractors (DID) are an efficacious means of simultaneously augmenting the vertical bony height together with the installation of dental implants. Little is known about their biomechanical properties and osteointegration ability in the free fibula flap, where the periosteum is invariably damaged during the multiple osteotomies required for contouring purposes.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-four DID devices inserted into the tibias of 12 goats were evenly divided into three groups - whole periosteum (WP), half periosteum (HP), no periosteum (NP).

Tumor-initiating cells are enriched in CD44(hi) population in murine salivary gland tumor.

Tumor-initiating cells (T-ICs) discovered in various tumors have been widely reported. However, T-IC populations in salivary gland tumors have yet to be elucidated. Using the established Pleomorphic Adenoma Gene-1 (Plag1) transgenic mouse model of a salivary gland tumor, we identified CD44(high) (CD44(hi)) tumor cells, characterized by high levels of CD44 cell surface expression, as the T-ICs for pleomorphic adenomas.