Publications by authors named "Xuejun Yin"

Background: Respiratory sarcopenia is associated with poor outcomes, yet effective biomarkers for risk stratification remain limited. This study investigates the associations between complete blood count (CBC)-derived inflammatory biomarkers, including neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), neutrophil-monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (NMLR), and systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) and both all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with respiratory sarcopenia.

Methods: We conducted a cohort analysis of 1,673 adults with possible respiratory sarcopenia using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2007 to 2012, with mortality follow-up through December 31, 2019.

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Importance: The direct effect of consumption of salt substitutes on recurrent stroke and mortality among patients with stroke remains unclear.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of salt substitutes vs regular salt on the incidence of recurrent stroke and mortality among patients with stroke.

Design, Setting, And Participants: The Salt Substitute and Stroke Study (SSaSS), an open-label, cluster randomized clinical trial, was conducted in 600 northern Chinese villages (clusters).

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Background: Lifestyle interventions have been acknowledged as effective strategies for preventing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the accessibility of conventional face-to-face interventions is often limited. Digital health intervention has been suggested as a potential solution to overcome the limitation.

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Objective: To explore the effects of lifestyle interventions on the prevention of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and reversion to normoglycemia by prediabetes phenotype.

Methods: We searched MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Library for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated the effects of lifestyle interventions in adults with prediabetes for a minimum duration of one year. Two reviewers independently screened articles, extracted data, and performed quality assessment.

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Background: The continuum management of diabetes remains under-evaluated in China. This study aimed to estimate the proportions of diabetes adults at each stage of the cascade of care framework in Shandong, China.

Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis using the 2018 China Adult Chronic Disease and Nutrition Surveillance (CACDNS) data in Shandong.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study explores the feasibility of implementing the 'Food is Medicine' intervention for managing type 2 diabetes in China, considering the distinct dietary culture and habits.
  • Interviews and focus groups were conducted with 97 individuals across three Chinese provinces, revealing concerns about meal costs and dietary knowledge, while identifying key facilitators like clinician support and community collaboration.
  • Despite some barriers, the research suggests that tailored 'Food is Medicine' interventions could be effective in addressing type 2 diabetes in China by leveraging local resources and practices.
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  • An integrated management approach is crucial for improving care for atrial fibrillation (AF) patients in rural China, where the healthcare system struggles with resource limitations and access.
  • The MIRACLE-AF trial assesses a new telemedicine model that empowers village doctors to deliver multifaceted care to older patients (aged ≥65) with AF.
  • With 1,039 participants enrolled, the trial aims to measure the effectiveness of this model against usual care over time, focusing on key health outcomes related to AF management.
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Background: Potassium-enriched salt is a proven dietary intervention for reducing risk of stroke, cardiovascular disease, and premature mortality when used instead of regular table salt. Potassium-enriched salt products are available globally, but the on-pack health claims, product features, and instructions for use are diverse.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to summarize the label features of potassium-enriched salt products available worldwide.

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The management of hypertension and diabetes poses significant challenges to China's healthcare system, necessitating seamless patient progression through screening, diagnosis, management, and control. Utilizing the care cascade model, this study aims to systematically identify patient drop-offs and devise strategies to address healthcare delivery bottlenecks for hypertension and diabetes in rural China. This study consists of three phases.

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Background: Research dissemination is essential to accelerate the translating of evidence into practice. Little is known about dissemination among Chinese public health researchers. This study aimed to explore the understanding and practices of disseminating research findings and to identify barriers and facilitators that influence dissemination activities to non-research audiences.

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Aim: Both excessive intake of sodium and inadequate intake of potassium are associated with blood pressure elevation and subsequent increase in the risk of cardiovascular disease, which accounts for the largest number of deaths in China and worldwide. Low sodium salt, a mixture of mainly sodium chloride and potassium chloride, has shown its great potential as a promising population strategy for sodium intake reduction through multiple large-scale, multicenter, randomized controlled trials among populations including patients with cardiovascular disease, individuals with and without hypertension, older and younger adults, and men and women in China and other countries. This Guidelines aims to provide expert recommendations for promotion and use of low sodium salt in China, based on the current available scientific evidence regarding the effectiveness, safety, cost-effectiveness, and acceptability of low sodium salts in various population groups and different application scenarios.

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Article Synopsis
  • The WHO's Integrated People-centred Health Services (IPCHS) framework was implemented in 2016 to help improve health systems and achieve universal health coverage.
  • A review of studies from 2016 to mid-2023 found that while six studies utilized the IPCHS framework, there were significant barriers such as low health literacy and limited healthcare resources affecting its implementation.
  • The review highlights the need for more research based on the IPCHS framework to enhance healthcare delivery, as it is currently underused in primary research.
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Article Synopsis
  • Switching to potassium-enriched salt, which contains 25% potassium chloride and 75% sodium chloride, can lower blood pressure and reduce cardiovascular disease risk.
  • Analysis of global production shows the potential for producing 9.7 million tonnes of potassium chloride to replace regular salt, but current potash production is only around 44 million tonnes, dominated by a few countries.
  • Major changes in production capacity and market demand are necessary for a global transition to potassium-enriched salt, along with a solid business case to encourage this switch.
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Importance: Influenza vaccination rates remain low among primary school students and vary by school in Beijing, China. Theory-informed, multifaceted strategies are needed to improve influenza vaccination uptake.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of multifaceted strategies in improving influenza vaccination uptake among primary school students.

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Background: The SSaSS (Salt Substitute and Stroke Study) has shown that use of a potassium-enriched salt lowers the risk of stroke, total cardiovascular events, and premature death. The effects on cause-specific cardiac outcomes are reported here.

Methods: SSaSS was an unblinded, cluster-randomised trial assessing the effects of potassium-enriched salt compared with regular salt among 20 995 Chinese adults with established stroke and older age and uncontrolled hypertension.

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All cosmetics products, including nail care products, must be evaluated for their safety. The assessment of systemic exposure is a key component of the safety assessment. However, data on the exposure, especially via ungual route (nail plate) are limited.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study investigated the effects of long-term sodium reduction using a potassium-enriched salt substitute on headache frequency and severity in a rural Chinese population.
  • Despite enrolling nearly 21,000 participants, results showed no significant differences in headache occurrence (27% in the salt substitute group vs. 26.6% in the control group) or severity between the two groups.
  • The conclusion suggests that long-term use of the salt substitute did not alleviate headaches, indicating that sodium reduction alone may not be effective for headache management.
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The Salt Substitute and Stroke Study (SSaSS) demonstrated significant reductions in systolic blood pressure (SBP), and the risk of stroke, major cardiovascular events and total mortality with the use of potassium-enriched salt. The contribution of sodium reduction versus potassium increase to these effects is unknown. We identified four different data sources describing the association between sodium reduction, potassium supplementation and change in SBP.

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Background: Hypertension and diabetes are global health challenges requiring effective management to mitigate their considerable burden. The successful management of hypertension and diabetes requires the completion of a sequence of stages, which are collectively termed the care cascade.

Objective: This scoping review aimed to describe the characteristics of studies on the hypertension and diabetes care cascade and identify potential interventions as well as factors that impact each stage of the care cascade.

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To explore the risk factors and preventive countermeasures of perioperative cerebral infarction. We reviewed the clinical medical records and anesthesia process of a perioperative stroke patient and reviewed the literature. Perioperative stroke is the result of a combination of multiple factors.

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Background: The school-located influenza vaccinations (SLIV) can increase influenza vaccination and reduce influenza infections among school-aged children. However, the vaccination rate has remained low and varied widely among schools in Beijing, China. This study aimed to ascertain barriers and facilitators of implementing SLIV and to identify implementation strategies for SLIV quality improvement programs in this context.

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Background: Research findings are not always disseminated in ways preferred by audiences, and research dissemination is not always considered a priority by researchers. While designing for dissemination (D4D) provides an active process to facilitate effective dissemination, use of these practices in China is largely unknown. We aimed to describe the designing for dissemination activities and practices among public health researchers in China.

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The warning label is identified as a simple front-of-package labeling format that assists consumers in making healthier food choices at the point of purchase. The color and/or shape of the design elements of the packaging labels can influence the understanding and purchase intention outcomes. This study aimed to explore the perceptions of consumers regarding differently designed warning labels (WLs) to identify a possibly suitable warning label design in the Chinese context.

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Background: To reduce excess dietary sodium consumption, Nigeria's 2019 National Multi-sectoral Action Plan (NMSAP) for the Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Diseases includes policies based on the World Health Organization SHAKE package. Priority actions and strategies include mandatory sodium limits in processed foods, advertising restrictions, mass-media campaigns, school-based interventions, and improved front-of-package labeling. We conducted a formative qualitative evaluation of stakeholders' knowledge, and potential barriers as well as effective strategies to implement these NMSAP priority actions.

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Background: The SSaSS (Salt Substitute and Stroke Study) recently reported definitive effects of a potassium-enriched salt on cardiovascular outcomes and death. Quantifying the amount of potassium-enriched salt used by trial participants is important for understanding the magnitude of the effect of potassium-enriched salt on risk reduction and how population-wide scale-up might be achieved.

Methods: Baseline and annual 24-hour urine samples were collected from subgroups of participants in SSaSS throughout the 5-year follow-up.

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