METTL3 preferentially enhances non-mA translation of epigenetic factors and promotes tumourigenesis.

METTL3 encodes the predominant catalytic enzyme to promote mA methylation in nucleus. Recently, accumulating evidence has shown the expression of METTL3 in cytoplasm, but its function is not fully understood. Here we demonstrated an mA-independent mechanism for METTL3 to promote tumour progression.

YTHDF1 Promotes Gastric Carcinogenesis by Controlling Translation of .

N-methyladenosine (mA) is the most prevalent internal RNA modification in mammals that regulates homeostasis and function of modified RNA transcripts. Here, we aimed to investigate the role of YTH mA RNA-binding protein 1 (YTHDF1), a key regulator of mA methylation in gastric cancer tumorigenesis. Multiple bioinformatic analyses of different human cancer databases identified key mA-associated genetic mutations that regulated gastric tumorigenesis.

MiRNA-221-3p desensitizes pancreatic cancer cells to 5-fluorouracil by targeting RB1.

Pancreatic cancer is a highly lethal disease due to its rapid dissemination and resistance to conventional chemotherapy. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging as novel regulators of chemoresistance, which modulate the expression of drug resistance-related genes. MiRNA-221 has been reported to be associated with chemoresistance in various types of cancer.

MicroRNA-320a promotes 5-FU resistance in human pancreatic cancer cells.

The drug-resistance of pancreatic cancer cells results in poor therapeutic effect. To predict the therapeutic effect of the chemotherapy drugs to specific patients and to reverse the resistance of pancreatic cancer cells are critical for chemotherapy of pancreatic cancer. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to play important roles in the genesis of drug-resistance of various cancer types.

MicroRNA-21 induces 5-fluorouracil resistance in human pancreatic cancer cells by regulating PTEN and PDCD4.

Pancreatic cancer patients are often resistant to chemotherapy treatment, which results in poor prognosis. The objective of this study was to delineate the mechanism by which miR-21 induces drug resistance to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in human pancreatic cancer cells (PATU8988 and PANC-1). We report that PATU8988 cells resistant to 5-FU express high levels of miR-21 in comparison to sensitive primary PATU8988 cells.

Functional screen reveals essential roles of miR-27a/24 in differentiation of embryonic stem cells.

MicroRNAs play important roles in controlling the embryonic stem cell (ESC) state. Although much is known about microRNAs maintaining ESC state, microRNAs that are responsible for promoting ESC differentiation are less reported. Here, by screening 40 microRNAs pre-selected by their expression patterns and predicted targets in Dgcr8-null ESCs, we identify 14 novel differentiation-associated microRNAs.

The up-regulation of miR-199b-5p in erythroid differentiation is associated with GATA-1 and NF-E2.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) represent a class of small non-coding regulatory RNAs that play important roles in normal hematopoiesis, including erythropoiesis. Although studies have identified several miRNAs that regulate erythroid commitment and differentiation, we do not understand the mechanism by which the crucial erythroid transcription factors, GATA-1and NF-E2 directly regulate and control differentiation via miRNA pathways. In this study, we identified miR-199b-5p as a key regulator of human erythropoiesis, and its expression was up-regulated during the erythroid differentiation of K562 cells.