Modulating intestinal viruses: A potential avenue for improving metabolic diseases with unresolved challenges.

The gut microbiome affects the occurrence and development of metabolic diseases, with a significant amount of research focused on intestinal bacteria. As an important part of the gut microbiome, gut viruses were studied recently, particularly through fecal virome transplantation (FVT), revealing manipulating the gut virus could reverse overweight and glucose intolerance in mice. And human cohort studies found gut virome changed significantly in patients with metabolic disease.

Transcriptome and metabolome revealed the effects of hypoxic environment on ovarian development of Tibetan sheep.

Many studies on the adaptability of Tibetan sheep to hypoxia have been reported, but little attention has been paid to the reproduction of Tibetan sheep living at an altitude of more than 4000 m. In this study, the ovaries of Alpine Merino sheep (AM) living in middle-high altitude areas (2500 m) and the ovaries of Gangba Tibetan sheep (GB) and Huoba Tibetan sheep (HB) living in ultra-high altitude areas (4400 m or more) were collected. Through morphological, transcriptomics and metabolomics, the effects of ultra-high altitude areas on Tibetan sheep ovarian development and the molecular mechanism of sheep's adaptability to ultra-high altitude environment were explored.

Biochar-bacteria coupling system enhanced the bioremediation of phenol wastewater-based on life cycle assessment and environmental safety analysis.

The efficient treatment of phenol wastewater is of great necessity since it induces serious pollution of water and soil ecosystems. Using biochar-immobilized functional microorganisms can innovatively and sustainably deal with the existing problem. In this study, we utilized response surface methodology (RSM) combined with life cycle assessment (LCA) to improve phenol biodegradation rate through a novel separated alkali-resistant and thermophilic strain Bacillus halotolerans ACY.

Transcriptomic Study of Different Stages of Development in the Testis of Sheep.

Numerous genes govern male reproduction, modulating testicular development and spermatogenesis. Our study leveraged RNA-Seq to explore candidate genes and pivotal pathways influencing fecundity in an F1 hybrid of Southdown × Hu sheep testes across four developmental milestones: M0 (0 months old, newborn), M3 (3 months old, sexually immature), M6 (6 months old, sexually mature), and Y1 (1 years old, adult). Histological examination using hematoxylins and eosin staining revealed that the cross-sectional area of the spermatid tubules and the number of supportive cells increased in the other groups, as compared to the M0 group.

Integration analysis of transcriptome and metabolome revealed the potential mechanism of spermatogenesis in Tibetan sheep (Ovis aries) at extreme high altitude.

Testis has an indispensable function in male reproduction of domestic animals. Numerous genes and metabolites were related to testicular development and spermatogenesis. However, little is known about the biological regulation pathways associated with fecundity in male Tibetan sheep.

Hybridization promotes growth performance by altering rumen microbiota and metabolites in sheep.

Hybridization can substantially improve growth performance. This study used metagenomics and metabolome sequencing to examine whether the rumen microbiota and its metabolites contributed to this phenomenon. We selected 48 approximately 3 month-old male ♂Hu × ♀Hu (HH,  = 16), ♂Poll Dorset × ♀Hu (DH,  = 16), and ♂Southdown × ♀Hu (SH,  = 16) lambs having similar body weight.

ASReml-based estimation of early genetic parameters in hybrid mutton sheep populations.

The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of non-genetic factors on the estimation of genetic parameters of early growth traits in hybrid mutton sheep using ASReml software, in order to provide theoretical basis for screening the optimal hybriding combinations and accelerating the breeding process of new breeds of specialized housed-feeding mutton sheep. We selected the wellgrown hybrid Southhu (Southdown × Hu sheep) and Dorhu (Dorset × Hu sheep) sheep as the research objects, constructed weight correction formulae for SH and DH sheep at 60 and 180 days; and used ASReml software to investigate the effects of non-genetic factors on the estimation of genetic parameters of early growth traits in hybrid sheep. The results showed that the birth month and birth type were found significant for all traits ( < 0.

Delta-like noncanonical notch ligand 2 regulates the proliferation and differentiation of sheep myoblasts through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

This study delved into the role of delta-like noncanonical notch ligand 2 (DLK2) in the cell cycle, proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation of myoblasts, as well as its interaction with the classical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in regulating myoblast function. The research revealed that upregulation of DLK2 in myoblasts during the proliferation phase enhanced myoblast proliferation, facilitated cell cycle progression, and reduced apoptosis. Conversely, downregulation of DLK2 expression using siRNA during the differentiation phase promoted myoblast hypertrophy and fusion, suppressed the expression of muscle fiber degradation factors, and expedited the differentiation process.

Genomic Selection for Weaning Weight in Alpine Merino Sheep Based on GWAS Prior Marker Information.

This study aims to compare the accuracy of genomic estimated breeding values (GEBV) estimated using a genomic best linear unbiased prediction (GBLUP) method and GEBV estimates incorporating prior marker information from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for the weaning weight trait in highland Merino sheep. The objective is to provide theoretical and technical support for improving the accuracy of genomic selection. The study used a population of 1007 highland Merino ewes, with the weaning weight at 3 months as the target trait.

Chromosome-level genome assembly of Guide Black-Fur sheep (Ovis aries).

Guide Black-Fur sheep (GD) is a breed of Tibetan sheep (Ovis aries) that lives in the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau region at an altitude of over 4,000 m. However, a lack of genomic information has made it difficult to understand the high-altitude adaptation of these sheep. We sequenced and assembled the GD reference genome using PacBio, Hi-C, and Illumina sequencing technologies.

DIA-Based Proteomic Analysis Reveals MYOZ2 as a Key Protein Affecting Muscle Growth and Development in Hybrid Sheep.

Hybridization of livestock can be used to improve varieties, and different hybrid combinations produce unique breeding effects. In this study, male Southdown and Suffolk sheep were selected to hybridize with female Hu sheep to explore the effects of male parentage on muscle growth and the development of offspring. Using data-independent acquisition technology, we identified 119, 187, and 26 differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) between Hu × Hu (HH) versus Southdown × Hu (NH), HH versus Suffolk × Hu (SH), and NH versus SH crosses.

Single-Cell Transcriptome Sequence Profiling on the Morphogenesis of Secondary Hair Follicles in Ordos Fine-Wool Sheep.

The Ordos fine-wool sheep is a high-quality breed in China that produces superior natural textiles and raw materials such as wool and lamb meat. However, compared to the Australian Merino sheep, there is still a gap in terms of the wool fiber fineness and wool yield. The hair follicle is the main organ that controls the type of wool fiber, and the morphological changes in the secondary hair follicle are crucial in determining wool quality.

Lawsonia intracellularis flagellin protein LfliC stimulates NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways independently of TLR5 interaction.

Lawsonia intracellularis, a Gram-negative obligate intracellular bacterium and etiologic agent of porcine proliferative enteropathy, was observed to have a long, single, and unipolar flagellum. Bacterial flagellar filament comprises thousands of copies of the protein flagellin (FliC), and has been reported to be recognized by Toll-like receptor (TLR5) to activate the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways, thereby inducing the expression of proinflammatory genes. Recently, two L.

New insights into the typical nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound-quinoline degradation and detoxification by microbial consortium: Integrated pathways, meta-transcriptomic analysis and toxicological evaluation.

As the primary source of COD in industrial wastewater, quinoline has aroused increasing attention because of its potential teratogenic, carcinogenic, and mutagenic effects in the environment. The activated sludge isolate quinoline-degrading microbial consortium (QDMC) efficiently metabolizes quinoline. However, the molecular underpinnings of the degradation mechanism of quinoline by QDMC have not been elucidated.

Genomic Selection for Live Weight in the 14th Month in Alpine Merino Sheep Combining GWAS Information.

Alpine Merino Sheep is a novel breed reared from Australian Merino Sheep as the father and Gansu Alpine Fine-Wool Sheep as the mother, living all year in cold and arid alpine areas with exceptional wool quality and meat performance. Body weight is an important economic trait of the Alpine Merino Sheep, but there is limited research on identifying the genes associated with live weight in the 14th month for improving the accuracy of the genomic prediction of this trait. Therefore, this study's sample comprised 1310 Alpine Merino Sheep ewes, and the Fine Wool Sheep 50K Panel was used for genome-wide association study (GWAS) analysis to identify candidate genes.

Thiocyanate-degrading microflora alleviates thiocyanate stress on tomato seedlings by improving plant and rhizosphere microenvironment.

Thiocyanate in irrigation water can adversely affect plant growth and development. A previously constructed microflora with effective thiocyanate-degrading ability was used to investigate the potential of bacterial degradation for thiocyanate bioremediation. The root and aboveground part dry weight of plants inoculated with the degrading microflora increased by 66.

Integration of proteome and metabolome profiling to reveal heat stress response and tolerance mechanisms of Serratia sp. AXJ-M for the bioremediation of papermaking black liquor.

The use of thermophilic bacteria for treating paper black liquor seems to be an efficient bioremediation strategy. In our previous work, the lignin-degrading bacterium Serratia sp. AXJ-M exhibited excellent heat tolerance ability.

Biodegradation characteristics of lignin in pulping wastewater by the thermophilic Serratia sp. AXJ-M: Performance, genetic background, metabolic pathway and toxicity assessment.

The key to the efficient removal of pulping wastewater lies in the effective degradation of lignin at high temperature. There is thus an urgent need to seek effective eco-environmental techniques to overcome this environmental limit for lignin degradation. The soil isolate thermophilic Serratia sp.

Comprehensive Analysis of the Longissimus Dorsi Transcriptome and Metabolome Reveals the Regulatory Mechanism of Different Varieties of Meat Quality.

The beef quality significantly varies between breeds. Pingliang Red Cattle resembles Wagyu in fat deposition and flavor. To screen key factors affecting beef quality, we performed meat quality trait testing, RNA-seq, and metabolomics on the longissimus dorsi of Pingliang Red Cattle, Wagyu cross F1 generation, and Simmental cattle.

Treatment of thiocyanate-containing wastewater: a critical review of thiocyanate destruction in industrial effluents.

Thiocyanate is a common pollutant in gold mine, textile, printing, dyeing, coking and other industries. Therefore, thiocyanate in industrial wastewater is an urgent problem to be solved. This paper reviews the chemical properties, applications, sources and toxicity of thiocyanate, as well as the various treatment methods for thiocyanate in wastewater and their advantages and disadvantages.