Changes in cerebral hemodynamics in patients with posttraumatic diffuse brain swelling after external intraventricular drainage.

Purpose: To investigate the changes of cerebral hemodynamics pre- and post-ventricular drainage in patients with posttraumatic acute diffuse brain swelling.

Methods: Twenty-four cases of traumatic diffuse brain swelling were analyzed retrospectively. Patients in nonsurgical group were treated by medicine therapy.

Controlled decompression for the treatment of severe head injury: a preliminary study.

Aim: Fast direct decompression surgery for treatment of severe head injury often results in intraoperative and postoperative complications. Controlled decompression may help prevent these complications. This preliminary study aims to compare the effects of controlled and conventional decompression in patients with severe head injury.

Missed injury in patients with severe traumatic brain injury complicated by multiple trauma.

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate retrospectively the multiple injuries prone to be missed in 432 cases.

Material And Methods: The cases were divided into two groups, i.e.

Microarray-based analysis of gene regulation by transcription factors and microRNAs in glioma.

Transcription factor (TF) and microRNA (miRNA) are two best characterized gene regulators that have been found to play an important role in gene regulation. However, high throughput screening the interaction relationships between transcription factors, microRNAs, and target genes in gliomas remains rare. Using GSE16666 and GSE13091 datasets downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus data, we first screened the differentially expressed genes in gliomas.

Endoscopy-assisted cerebral falx incision via unilateral approach in treatment of dissymmetric bilateral frontal contusion.

Background: Dissymmetric bilateral frontal contusion (DBFC) is relatively frequent in the clinic. In this study, we aimed to investigate the development tendency, clinical features, and treatment experience of DBFC and to summarize out experience in treating these patients via minimally invasive means-endoscopy.

Methods: Over the past 3 years, we have treated a total of 31 patients with DBFC using endoscopy-assisted unilateral cerebral falx incision.

Overexpression of Golgi phosphoprotein-3 (GOLPH3) in glioblastoma multiforme is associated with worse prognosis.

Golgi phosphoprotein-3 (GOLPH3), an important protein in mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling, is overexpressed in and correlates with the pathological grade of glioma. However, the potential correlation between GOLPH3 and clinical outcome in patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) remains unknown. In this study, we examined GOLPH3 expression in GBM by tissue microarray and correlated this measure to patient outcome.

Endoscopy-assisted cerebral falx incision via unilateral approach for treatment of dissymmetric bilateral frontal contusion.

Objective: To investigate the clinical features and treatment strategy of dissymmetric bilateral frontal contusion, and to summarize our experience in treating these patients by minimally invasive surgery.

Methods: Over the past 3 years, we have treated a total of 31 patients with dissymmetric bilateral frontal contusion using endoscopy-assisted unilateral cerebral falx incision. Other 30 patients treated by routine bilateral approaches within the same period were taken as control.

Intracranial pressure monitoring for special patterns of frontal lobe contusions.

Objective: To study the effect and indications of intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring for frontal lobe contusion patients.

Methods: During January 2005-December 2008, 34 cases of frontal lobe contusion received ICP monitoring in our department (monitoring group). Different treatment protocols were adopted according to the results of ICP.

Synthesis and antiviral bioactivities of 2-cyano-3-substituted-amino(phenyl) methylphosphonylacrylates (acrylamides) containing alkoxyethyl moieties.

An efficient reaction under microwave irradiation has been developed for the synthesis of a series of novel 2-cyano-3-substituted-amino(phenyl) methylphosphonylacrylates (acrylamides) II. The products obtained in shorter reaction time with moderate yields are fully characterized by elemental analysis, IR, (1)H, (13)C, and (31)P NMR spectral data. The role of introducing various substituents and the effect of incorporating alpha-aminophosphonates with an alkoxyethyl moiety into the parent cyanoacrylate (acrylamide) structure are investigated.

Synthesis and antiviral activities of chiral thiourea derivatives containing an alpha-aminophosphonate moiety.

Starting from benzaldehyde 1, the title compounds 8 were synthesized in six steps. Benzaldehyde 1 was reacted with ammonium hydroxide, and the resulting imine was then treated with dialkyl phosphite 3 to give dialkyl N-(arylmethylene)-1-amino-1-aryl methylphosphonates 4. Phosphonates 4 were then easily hydrolyzed to give dialkyl 1-amino-1-aryl-methylphosphonates 6, which on treatment with triethylamine, carbon disulfide, and phosphorus oxychloride provided 7.

Synthesis and antiviral activity of novel pyrazole derivatives containing oxime esters group.

Fourteen title compounds, 1-substituted-5-substitutedphenylthio-4-pyrazolaldoxime ester derivatives 4a-4n, were synthesized from the starting material 1-substitutedphenyl-3-methyl-5-substitutedphenylthio-4-pyrazolaldoximes 3 by treatment with acyl chloride. The synthesized compounds were characterized by physical constants, and the structures of the title compounds were further confirmed by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and elemental analysis. The bioassay results showed that title compounds possessed weak to good anti-TMV bioactivity with 4l showing significant enhancement of disease resistance in tobacco leaves with high affinity for TMV CP.

Synthesis and antiviral activities of pyrazole derivatives containing an oxime moiety.

Target compounds 4a- n were obtained by the reaction of 1-substituted phenyl-3-methyl-5-substituted phenylthio-4-pyrazolaldoximes (3) with chloromethylated heterocyclic compounds (ClCH 2-R 3) under reflux conditions in ethanol. Subsequently, the oxidation of 4a- e with KMnO 4 in HOAc at room temperature afforded eight new compounds, 5a- h. The synthesized compounds were characterized by physical constants, and the structures of the title compounds were confirmed by IR, (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR, and elemental analysis.

Simultaneous determination of vancomycin and ceftazidime in cerebrospinal fluid in craniotomy patients by high-performance liquid chromatography.

A simple, accurate and rapid method for simultaneous analysis of vancomycin and ceftazidime in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), utilizing high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), has been developed and thoroughly validated to satisfy strict FDA guidelines for bioanalytical methods. Protein precipitation was used as the sample pretreatment method. In order to increase the accuracy, tinidazole was chosen as the internal standard.

Synthesis and antiviral activities of cyanoacrylate derivatives containing an alpha-aminophosphonate moiety.

Target compounds 8 were obtained by the reaction of alkyl 2-cyano-3,3-dimethylthioacrylate or cyarylamide (7a-7e) and alpha-aminobenzylphosphonate (5a-5e) under reflux condition using ethanol as solvent. Their structures were clearly verified by spectroscopic data (IR and 1H, 13C, and 31P NMR) and elemental analysis. These compounds were shown to be antivirally active in the bioassay.

Synthesis and antiviral bioactivities of 2-aryl- or 2-methyl-3-(substituted- benzalamino)-4(3H)-quinazolinone derivatives.

A simple and general method has been developed for the synthesis of various4(3H)-quinazolinone derivatives by the treatment of the appropriate 3-amino-2-aryl-4(3H)-quinazolinone with a substituted benzaldehyde in ethanol. The structures of the compoundswere characterized by elemental analysis, IR, (1)H-NMR and (13)C-NMR spectra. The title 2-aryl- or 2-methyl-3-(substituted-benzalamino)-4(3H)-quinazolinone compounds III-1~III-31 were found to possess moderate to good antiviral activity.