Comparison and Determination of the Content of Mosapride Citrate by Different qNMR Methods.

As a salt-type compound, mosapride citrate's metabolism and side effects are correlated with its salt-forming ratio. Several techniques were developed in this work to compare various quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance (qNMR) methodologies and to quantitatively examine the content of raw materials. Among the qNMR techniques, methods for H NMR and F NMR were developed.

Economical and rapid enantioselective, diastereoselective and achiral separation of palonosetron hydrochloride and its impurities using supercritical fluid chromatography.

Simultaneous separation of compounds with multiple chiral centers and highly similar structures presents significant challenges. This study developed a novel supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) method with reduced organic solvent consumption and robust separation capabilities to address these challenges. The method was applied to simultaneously achieve enantioselective, diastereoselective, and achiral separation of palonosetron hydrochloride and its six impurities.

Preparation and optimization of dummy molecularly imprinted polymer-based solid-phase extraction system for selective enrichment of p-toluene sulfonate esters genotoxic impurities.

Sulfonate esters, one class of genotoxic impurities (GTIs), have gained significant attention in recent years due to their potential to cause genetic mutations and cancer. In the current study, we employed the dummy template molecular imprinting technology with a dummy template molecule replacing the target molecule to establish a pretreatment method for samples containing p-toluene sulfonate esters. Through computer simulation and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy analysis, the optimal functional monomer acrylamide and polymerization solvent chloroform were selected.

Application of Transmission Raman Spectroscopy in Combination with Partial Least-Squares (PLS) for the Fast Quantification of Paracetamol.

In recent years, transmission Raman spectroscopy (TRS) has emerged as a potent new tool for rapid, nondestructive quantitation in pharmaceutical manufacturing. In order to expand the applicability of TRS and enhance its use in product quality monitoring during drug production, we aimed, in the present study, to apply partial least-squares (PLS) approaches to build a model consisting of 150 handmade tablets and covering 15 levels through the use of a multifactor orthogonal design of experiment (DOE), which was used to predict concentrations of validation tablets made by hand. The difference between results according to HPLC and TRS were negligible.

Impurity profiling of Compound Amino Acid Injection (6AA) using ion-pair high performance liquid chromatography coupled with corona-charged aerosol detection and high resolution mass spectrometry.

The complex industrial production process of amino acids (AAs) leads to the existence of a certain amount of impurities in Compound Amino Acid Injection (6AA). It is difficult to obtain its comprehensive and systematic impurity profile using conventional ultraviolet (UV) detectors due to lack of a suitable chromophore in the structures of AAs and their impurities. In our study, a universal ion-pair high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method combined with high resolution mass spectrometer (HRMS) and charged aerosol detection (CAD) was developed to identify and determine the content of impurities in Compound Amino Acid Injection (6AA), respectively.

Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) activation induces the antioxidant protein metallothionein 1 expression in mouse liver.

Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) is a metabolic nuclear receptor, which protects liver from many endogenous and exogenous injuries. Metallothioneins (MTs) belong to a low-molecular-weight protein family involved in metal homeostasis and the regulation of hepatic oxidative stress. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effect of FXR on hepatic MT1 expression and the underlying mechanism.