Effective enhancement of ramie anaerobic continuous flow degumming by chitosan and its microbiological mechanism.

Based on a novel bio-degumming system, the effect of chitosan on the degumming effect of ramie was investigated. The degumming effect indexes before and after the addition of chitosan were assessed, and the enzyme activities (pectinase, xylanase, ligninase and cellulase) were detected. Meanwhile changes in microbial community structure were evaluated.

Boosting the Charge Storage Capability of BiTeO Cathode Using Iodide Ions in Aqueous Zinc-Based Batteries System.

As insertion-type cathode materials of aqueous Zn-based batteries (ABs), bismuth chalcogenides/oxychalcogenides exhibits relatively limited capacities in ZnSO baseline electrolyte. This work finds that BiTeO (BTO) cathode with pre-added I electrolyte additive can simultaneously achieve conversion and insertion chemistries, which enables aqueous BTO-Zn batteries to deliver an extraordinary electrochemical performance. As shown in the experiment results, the BTO cathode showcases an ultrahigh specific capacity of 534.

Effect of Enhanced Hydrolytic Acidification Process on the Treatment of Azo Dye Wastewater.

The hydrolysis acidification process is an economical and effective method, but its efficiency is still low in treating azo dye wastewater. It is therefore crucial to find more suitable and efficient means or techniques to further strengthen the process of treating azo dye wastewater by a hydrolytic acidification process. In this study, a hydrolytic acidification aerobic reactor was used to simulate the azo dye wastewater process.

Co-metabolic biodegradation of structurally discrepant dyestuffs by Klebsiella sp. KL-1: A molecular mechanism with regards to the differential responsiveness.

In this study, an attempt was made to decipher the underlying differential response mechanism of Klebsiella sp. KL-1 induced by exposure to disparate categories of dyestuffs in xylose (Xyl) co-metabolic system. Here, representative reactive black 5 (RB5), remazol brilliant blue R (RBBR) and malachite green (MG) belonging to the azo, anthraquinone and triphenylmethane categories were employed as three model dyestuffs.

Biochemical characterization of a novel azo reductase named BVU5 from the bacterial flora DDMZ1: application for decolorization of azo dyes.

One of the main mechanisms of bacterial decolorization and degradation of azo dyes is the use of biological enzymes to catalyze the breaking of azo bonds. This paper shows the expression and properties of a novel azo reductase (hybrid-cluster NAD(P)-dependent oxidoreductase, accession no. A0A1S1BVU5, named BVU5) from the bacterial flora DDMZ1 for degradation of azo dyes.

Application of a Spiral Symmetric Stream Anaerobic Bioreactor for treating saline heparin sodium pharmaceutical wastewater: Reactor operating characteristics, organics degradation pathway and salt tolerance mechanism.

In this study, a Spiral Symmetry Stream Anaerobic Bioreactor (SSSAB) was adopted for treating actual saline heparin sodium pharmaceutical wastewater (HSPW). After adaptation, under the influent COD of 8731 mg/L, OLR of 6.98 kg COD/(m³•d) and salinity of 3.

Variation and comparison of biotoxicity during typical biological treatment of dyeing wastewater.

In present study, dyeing wastewater samples were collected from three typical dyeing wastewater treatment plants in Wujiang, Shengze and Shanghai, China. Physicochemical properties and biotoxicity indicators (luminescent bacteria acute toxicity and umu genotoxicity) were tested and the relationships among them were analyzed. The results revealed that two biotoxicity indicators varied significantly among different treatment units of three plants.

Deciphering the mechanism of carbon sources inhibiting recolorization in the removal of refractory dye: Based on an untargeted LC-MS metabolomics approach.

In this study, the biological decolorization of reactive black 5 (RB5) by Klebsiella sp. KL-1 in yeast extract (YE) medium was captured the recolorization after exposure to O, which induced a 15.82% reduction in decolorization efficiency.

Co-metabolic degradation of refractory dye: A metagenomic and metaproteomic study.

Fructose was utilized as an additional co-substrate to systematically investigate the molecular mechanism of its boosting effect for the degradation of refractory dye reactive black 5 (RB5) by a natural bacterial flora DDMZ1. A decolorizing rate of 98% was measured for sample YE + FRU(200) (with 3 g/L fructose additionally to yeast extract medium, 10% (v/v) inoculation size of flora DDMZ1, 200 mg/L RB5) after 48 h. This result was 21% and 77%, respectively, higher than those of samples with only yeast extract or only fructose.

Sugar sources as Co-substrates promoting the degradation of refractory dye: A comparative study.

Four sugar sources were used as co-substrates to promote the degradation of a selected refractory dye reactive black 5 (RB5) by the natural bacterial flora DDMZ1. The boosting performance of the four sugar sources on RB5 decolorization ranked as: fructose > sucrose > glucose > glucose + fructose. Kinetic results of these four co-metabolism systems agreed well with a first-order kinetic model.

Highly efficient biodegradation of reactive blue 19 under the activation of tea residue by a newly screened mixed bacterial flora DDMY2.

In this study, a newly screened mixed bacterial flora DDMY2 had high decolorization capacity for anthraquinone dye reactive blue 19 (RB19) and the decolorization efficiency of 300 mg L RB19 could reach up to 98% within 48 h in the presence of tea residue. Results indicated that RB19 could be efficiently decolorized by flora DDMY2 in wide ranges of pH values (5.0-9.

Fructose as an additional co-metabolite promotes refractory dye degradation: Performance and mechanism.

In this work, the performance and mechanism for the boosting effects of fructose as an additional co-metabolite towards the biological treatment of reactive black 5 were systematically investigated. A decolorization efficiency of 98% was obtained in sample FRU200 (with 3 g/L fructose added based on 3 g/L yeast extract), which was 21% higher than that without fructose. Several intermediates with low molecular weight generated in sample FRU200 and different metabolic pathways were deduced.

Comparative study of antiestrogenic activity of two dyes after Fenton oxidation and biological degradation.

In present study, two methods (Fenton oxidation and biological degradation) were used to degrade azo dye (Reactive Black 5, RB5) and anthraquinone dye (Remazol Brilliant Blue R, RBBR). The changes of antiestrogenic activities of these two dyes through two degradation methods were detected using the yeast two-hybrid assay method. Fluorescence spectroscopy together with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method was performed to analyze the metabolites of RB5 and RBBR after Fenton oxidation and biological degradation.

Illumina MiSeq sequencing reveals microbial community in HA process for dyeing wastewater treatment fed with different co-substrates.

In present study, a hydrolysis acidification (HA) reactor was used for simulated dyeing wastewater treatment. Co-substrates included starch, glucose, sucrose, yeast extract (YE) and peptone were fed sequentially into the HA reactor to enhance the HA process effects. The performance of the HA reactor and the microbial community structure in HA process were investigated under different co-substrates conditions.

Smartphone-based colorimetric chiral recognition of ibuprofen using aptamers-capped gold nanoparticles.

Sensitive and fast detection of ibuprofen enantiomers is very critical for required routine monitoring and risk assessment of trace pollutants in water samples. Here a simple, rapid and highly sensitive android smartphone application for chiral recognition was developed. Aptamer-capped gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) was demonstrated as an efficient detection platform for (S)-(+)-ibuprofen (S-Ibu) and (R)-(-)-ibuprofen (R-Ibu).

Phosphorus (P) recovery coupled with increasing influent ammonium facilitated intracellular carbon source storage and simultaneous aerobic phosphorus & nitrogen removal.

Under decreasing C/N (from 8.8 to 3.5) conditions, an alternating anaerobic/aerobic biofilter (AABF) was used to remove nitrogen and accumulate/recover phosphorus (P) from synthetic wastewater.

Performance and microbial community structures of hydrolysis acidification process treating azo and anthraquinone dyes in different stages.

In this study, performance of hydrolysis acidification process treating simulated dyeing wastewater containing azo and anthraquinone dyes in different stages was investigated. The decolorization ratio, COD removal ratio, BOD/COD value, and volatile fatty acids (VFAs) production were almost better in stage 1 than that in stage 2. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) confirmed the biodegradation of Reactive Black 5 (RB5) and Remazol Brilliant Blue R (RBBR) in hydrolysis acidification process.

Enhanced phosphorus recovery and biofilm microbial community changes in an alternating anaerobic/aerobic biofilter.

The operation of an alternating anaerobic/aerobic biofilter (AABF), treating synthetic wastewater, was modified to enhance recovery of phosphorus (P). The AABF was periodically fed with an additional carbon source during the anaerobic phase to force the release of biofilm-sequestered P which was then harvested and recovered. A maximum of 48% of the total influent P was found to be released in the solution for recovery.

Characteristics, process parameters, and inner components of anaerobic bioreactors.

The anaerobic bioreactor applies the principles of biotechnology and microbiology, and nowadays it has been used widely in the wastewater treatment plants due to their high efficiency, low energy use, and green energy generation. Advantages and disadvantages of anaerobic process were shown, and three main characteristics of anaerobic bioreactor (AB), namely, inhomogeneous system, time instability, and space instability were also discussed in this work. For high efficiency of wastewater treatment, the process parameters of anaerobic digestion, such as temperature, pH, Hydraulic retention time (HRT), Organic Loading Rate (OLR), and sludge retention time (SRT) were introduced to take into account the optimum conditions for living, growth, and multiplication of bacteria.

Bioleaching of arsenic-rich gold concentrates by bacterial flora before and after mutation.

In order to improve the bioleaching efficiency of arsenic-rich gold concentrates, a mixed bacterial flora had been developed, and the mutation breeding method was adopted to conduct the research. The original mixed bacterial flora had been enrichedin acid mine drainage of Dexing copper mine, Jiangxi Province, China. It was induced by UV (ultraviolet), ultrasonic, and microwave, and their combination mutation.

Re-feeding evokes reproductive overcompensation of food-restricted Brandt's voles.

In natural conditions, animals have to cope with fluctuations of food resources. Animals having experienced prolonged decrease in feeding opportunities may increase their reproductive success when meeting abundant food. Though food restriction is well known to reduce reproductive success of animals, it is not clear whether re-feeding can restore or even overcompensate the reproductive success.

Microbial communities in acid mine drainage and their interaction with pyrite surface.

Microbes such as Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans and Leptospirillum ferrooxidans have been investigated a lot, because of their important role in acid mine drainage (AMD) generation. In this article, the composition of microbial communities in two AMD samples was studied. A culture-independent 16S rDNA-based cloning approach, restriction fragment length polymorphism has been used.

Microbial communities in acid water environments of two mines, China.

To understand the compositions and structures of microbial communities in different acid-aqueous environments, a PCR-based cloning approach was used. A total of five samples were collected from two mines in China. Two samples, named as G1 and G2, were acid mine drainage (AMD) samples and from Yunfu sulfide mine in Guangdong province, China.

Compositions and structures of archaeal communities in acid mineral bioleaching systems of Dongxiang Copper Mine and Yinshan Lead-Zinc Mine, China.

Four samples were studied from four separated sites with heap leaching in the Yinshan Lead-Zinc Mine and the Dongxiang Copper Mine in Jiangxi province, China. The compositions and structures of archaeal communities in four sites were identified by a polymerase chain reaction-based cloning approach. A total of six operational taxonomic units (OTUs) was obtained from four samples.