A Synthetic Facultative CAM-Like Shuttle in C Rice Plants.

Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) is one of the three major forms of photosynthesis, known for its efficient carbon sequestration mechanism. CAM plants store malate at night, which undergoes decarboxylation and promotes Rubisco carboxylation during the day. Despite its potential benefits, CAM engineering is not applied to C crops.

Circulating metabolome in relation to cognitive impairment: a community-based cohort of older adults.

The role of circulating metabolome in cognitive impairment is inconclusive, and whether the associations are in the severity-dependent manner remains unclear. We aimed to identify plasma metabolites associated with cognitive impairment and evaluate the added predictive capacity of metabolite biomarkers on incident cognitive impairment beyond traditional risk factors. In the Rugao Longevity and Ageing Study (RuLAS), plasma metabolome was profiled by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

The OsMOB1A-OsSTK38 kinase complex phosphorylates CYCLIN C, controlling grain size and weight in rice.

Grain size and weight are crucial yield-related traits in rice (Oryza sativa). Although certain key genes associated with rice grain size and weight have been successfully cloned, the molecular mechanisms underlying grain size and weight regulation remain elusive. Here, we identified a molecular pathway regulating grain size and weight in rice involving the MPS ONE BINDER KINASE ACTIVATOR-LIKE 1A-SERINE/THREONINE-PROTEIN KINASE 38-CYCLIN C (OsMOB1A-OsSTK38-OsCycC) module.

A cleaved adhesin DNA vaccine targeting dendritic cell against Porphyromonas gingivalis-induced periodontal disease.

Background: Arg-gingipain A (RgpA) is the primary virulence factor of Porphyromonas gingivalis and contains hemagglutinin adhesin (HA), which helps bacteria adhere to cells and proteins. Hemagglutinin's functional domains include cleaved adhesin (CA), which acts as a hemagglutination and hemoglobin-binding actor. Here, we confirmed that the HA and CA genes are immunogenic, and using adjuvant chemokine to target dendritic cells (DCs) enhanced protective autoimmunity against P.

Bisdemethoxycurcumin, a curcumin derivative, ameliorates adjuvant-induced arthritis by suppressing inflammatory reactions and macrophage migration.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a highly prevalent and chronic inflammatory synovial joint disease manifested by hyperplasia and continuous inflammation. Curcumin (Cur) has been studied for alleviating RA. However, poor stability and oral bioavailability restrict its therapeutic value.

Using Physiological System Networks to Elaborate Resilience Across Frailty States.

Background: Aging is characterized by loss of resilience, the ability to resist or recover from stressors. Network analysis has shown promise in investigating dynamic relationships underlying resilience. We aimed to use network analysis to measure resilience in a longitudinal cohort of older adults and quantify whole-system vulnerabilities associated with frailty.

OsbHLH92, in the noncanonical brassinosteroid signaling pathway, positively regulates leaf angle and grain weight in rice.

Modifications of plant architecture can increase planting density, regulate photosynthesis, and improve crop yields. Many basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors participate in the brassinosteroid (BR) signaling pathway and are critical for plant architecture morphogenesis in rice. However, the number of identified bHLH genes suitable for improving production value is still limited.

The diagnostic value of shear-wave elastography in the salivary glands of patients with primary Sjögren syndrome.

Objective: We aimed to quantify the extent of salivary gland fibrosis using shear-wave elastography (SWE) to assess its diagnostic value for primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS).

Methods: A total of 58 pSS patients and 44 controls underwent SWE ultrasound evaluation of the parotid and submandibular glands. We measured the degree of salivary gland fibrosis in all participants and investigated the diagnostic accuracy of SWE for pSS and its relationship to disease progression.

SHORT ROOT and INDETERMINATE DOMAIN family members govern PIN-FORMED expression to regulate minor vein differentiation in rice.

C3 and C4 grasses directly and indirectly provide the vast majority of calories to the human diet, yet our understanding of the molecular mechanisms driving photosynthetic productivity in grasses is largely unexplored. Ground meristem cells divide to form mesophyll or vascular initial cells early in leaf development in C3 and C4 grasses. Here we define a genetic circuit composed of SHORT ROOT (SHR), INDETERMINATE DOMAIN (IDD), and PIN-FORMED (PIN) family members that specifies vascular identify and ground cell proliferation in leaves of both C3 and C4 grasses.

Causal Association of Cardiac Function by Magnetic Resonance Imaging with Frailty Index: A Mendelian Randomization Study.

Unlabelled: Owing to the susceptibility of conventional observational studies to confounding factors and reverse causation, the causal association between cardiac function and frailty is unclear. We aimed to investigate whether cardiac function has causal effects on frailty. In this study, a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study was conducted using genetic variants associated with cardiac function assessed by magnetic resonance imaging phenotypes as instrumental variables.

Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Nanospheres with Hydrophilic Shells for Efficient Molecular Recognition of Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines in Aqueous Solution.

Heterocyclic aromatic amine molecularly imprinted polymer nanospheres with surface-bound dithioester groups (haa-MIP) were firstly synthesized via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) precipitation polymerization. Then, a series of core-shell structural heterocyclic aromatic amine molecularly imprinted polymer nanospheres with hydrophilic shells (MIP-HSs) were subsequently prepared by grafting the hydrophilic shells on the surface of haa-MIP via on-particle RAFT polymerization of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), itaconic acid (IA), and diethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DEAEMA). The haa-MIP nanospheres showed high affinity and specific recognition toward harmine and its structural analogs in organic solution of acetonitrile, but lost the specific binding ability in aqueous solution.

Preparation of Functionalized Zr-Based MOFs and MOFs/GO for Efficient Removal of 1,3-Butadiene from Cigarette Smoke.

Removal of 1,3-butadiene from cigarette smoke plays an important role in human health and environmental protection. Herein, a series of UiO-66 X% containing different ratios of the -NH group was synthesized via the solvothermal method by using terephthalic acid (HBDC) and 2-aminoterephthalic acid (NH-BDC) as ligands. Using GO as support, a series of UiO-66-NH/GO Y% were prepared by controlling the ratio of UiO-66-NH and GO.

Glomerular filtration rate by different measures and albuminuria are associated with risk of frailty: the Rugao Longitudinal Ageing Study.

Background And Aim: A decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is associated with frailty, but the association between kidney function and frailty using multidimensional assessments has not been entirely examined. We aimed to investigate whether albuminuria and the eGFR using different biomarkers were associated with frailty.

Methods: A total of 1830 older adults were included.

Accuracy improvement of determination of seven minor tobacco alkaloids in mainstream cigarette smoke using analyte protectants by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

Tobacco alkaloids are important precursors of carcinogenic tobacco-specific nitrosamines. Therefore, accurate quantification of tobacco alkaloids is highly important. This study investigates the compensation effects of novel analyte protectants (APs) for matrix effects (MEs) to determine seven minor tobacco alkaloids (nornicotine, myosmine, anabasine, anatabine, nicotyrine, 2,3'-bipyridine, and cotinine) in mainstream cigarette smoke with high accuracy and robustness.

Case report: Refractory intestinal Behçet's syndrome successfully treated with tofacitinib: A report of four cases.

Behçet's syndrome (BS) is a chronic form of relapsing multisystem vasculitis, characterized by recurrent oral and genital ulcers. Intestinal BS is a special type of BS. Volcano-shaped ulcers in the ileocecum are a typical finding of intestinal BS, and punched-out ulcers can be observed in the intestine or esophagus.

Prognostic signature related to the immune environment of oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) prognosis remains poor. Here we aimed to identify an effective prognostic signature for predicting the survival of patients with OSCC. Gene-expression and clinical data were obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas database.

RLM1, Encoding an R2R3 MYB Transcription Factor, Regulates the Development of Secondary Cell Wall in Rice.

Leaf morphology is an important component of rice ideal plant type. To date, many regulatory genes influencing leaf morphology in rice have been cloned, and their underlying molecular regulatory mechanism has been preliminarily clarified. However, the fine regulation relationship of leaf morphogenesis and plant type remains largely elusive.

Determination of catechin and glutathione using copper aspartate nanofibers with multiple enzyme-like activities.

Copper aspartate nanofibers were facilely prepared based on aspartic acid and copper (CuAsp nanofibers). It is found that the prepared CuAsp nanofibers have catalytic activities of five enzymes, including peroxidase, laccase, catalase, ascorbate oxidase, and superoxide dismutase mimetic activities. The kinetic and catalytic properties of CuAsp nanofibers were systematically investigated, showing their high catalytic activity, excellent stability, and reusability.

Association of immunity markers with the risk of incident frailty: the Rugao longitudinal aging study.

Background: The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) are readily available circulatory immunity markers that are associated with components of frailty. However, few studies have investigated the relationship between these immunity markers and frailty, and it remains unknown whether they are predictive of incident frailty in older adults in general. Hence, we aimed to examine the association of these immunity markers with the risk of incident frailty.

Association Study of Mitochondrial DNA Haplogroup D and C5178A Polymorphisms with Chronic Kidney Disease.

To explore the associations of common mitochondrial DNA polymorphisms with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Data from 286 longevous individuals aged 95 years or older from the longevity arm from the Rugao Longevity and Ageing Study (RuLAS) were used. Twenty-eight common haplogroups defined by 33 single nucleotide polymorphisms were genotyped using SNaPshot minisequencing reaction assays.

Plasma homocysteine and macular thickness in older adults-the Rugao Longevity and Aging Study.

Objectives: To determine the association of plasma homocysteine levels with retinal layer thickness in a large community cohort of older adults.

Methods: The Rugao Longevity and Ageing Study is an observational, prospective and community-based cohort study. A total of 989 older adults who underwent spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) were included and analyzed.

Effect of chromodomain helicase/ATPase DNA binding protein 1-like gene on the invasion and metastasis of tongue squamous cell carcinoma CAL27 cells.

Objectives: A study was conducted to investigate the molecular mechanism of chromodomain helicase/ATPase DNA binding protein 1-like gene (CHD1L) influencing the invasion and metastasis of tongue squamous cell carcinoma and to provide a new target for clinical inhibition of invasion and metastasis of tongue squamous cell carcinoma.

Methods: Ualcan website was used to analyze the expression of CHD1L in normal epithelial tissue and primary head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and to analyze the effect of lymph node metastasis on the expression of CHD1L in tissues with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. The relationship between CHD1L expression and the survival rate of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma was tested by the GEPIA website.

Frailty and the risk of kidney function decline in the elderly population: the Rugao Longevity and Ageing Study.

Background: The diverse risk factors for kidney impairments suggest that kidney function decline is more likely to occur in individuals with a broadly constituted health deficit. Here we conducted a longitudinal cohort study to evaluate the association of baseline frailty status with the risk of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline.

Methods: Overall, 1269 participants aged 70-84 years from Rugao Longevity and Ageing cohort with 3-year follow-up were included.

Preservation of level IIb lymph nodes during supraomohyoid neck dissection for clinically node-negative oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Purpose: To identify the significance of level IIb neck dissection for patients with clinically node-negative oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted with 203 patients with OSCC with no palpable lymph nodes in neck admitted to the Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology from January 2012 through December 2014. After the diagnostic evaluations, all patients underwent wide local dissection and periodic supraomohyoid neck dissection (SOHND).