A comprehensive dataset of magnetic resonance enterography images with intestinal segment annotations.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a recurrent bowel disease that usually requires magnetic resonance enterography (MRE) for diagnosis and monitoring. However, recognition of bowel segments from MRE images by a radiologist is challenging and time-consuming. Deep learning-based medical image segmentation has shown the potential to reduce manual effort and provide automated tools to assist in disease management; however, it requires a large-scale fine-annotated dataset for training.

Oxidative stress mechanisms underlying temporal hormesis effects induced by binary antibiotic mixtures on Scenedesmus obliquus.

The hormesis effect has gradually become a research focus in environmental science and toxicology due to its unique phenomenon of low-concentration stimulation and high-concentration inhibition. The combined toxicity of antibiotics and their regulatory effects on microorganisms are areas that warrant significant attention. In this study, doxycycline hydrochloride (DXC), sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and sulfamethazine (SMZ) were used as the research objects, and Scenedesmus obliquus was used as the indicator organism to study their toxicity and action laws at different exposure times (4d and 8d).

Dose-response relationship and predictive value of soluble B7-DC in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and risk of refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children.

This study was to investigate the clinical significance of soluble B7-dendritic cell (sB7-DC) concentration in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of children with Refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (RMPP). A total of 298 patients with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) were enrolled. Patients were divided into general MPP (GMPP) (n = 213) and RMPP groups (n = 85).

Changes and clinical significance of serum vitamin A, 25-(OH)D3, TG2, IL-4 and IL-13 levels in children with eczema.

The study aims to examine fluctuations in the levels of serum vitamin A, 25-(OH)D, TG2, IL-4, and IL-13 in pediatric eczema patients and explore how these changes relate to the severity of the condition. This retrospective study analyzed the clinical data of 159 children with eczema admitted to the hospital from May 2023 to October 2024 as the experimental group. The patients were divided into groups according to the severity of the disease: mild group(≤ 25 points, n = 45), moderate group(25-50 points, n = 72) and severe group(>50 points, n = 42).

Preference for HIV testing among community residents in Yunnan Province, China: results from a discrete choice experiment.

Background: The detection and early identification of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWH) and their rapid engagement in antiretroviral treatment are indispensable for fighting HIV transmission. This study aimed to elicit preferences regarding HIV testing among community residents to identify a model of community-based HIV testing services that would appeal to this population.

Methods: A discrete-choice experiment (DCE) was conducted in the communities of Yunnan Province, China.

Numerical investigation of coal pillar damage mechanisms for various width-to-height ratios.

Pillar stability has garnered significant attention owing to the effects of pillars on coal resource recovery rate, coal pillar stability, and coal bump risk. This study examined the roadway stability control principles of conventional and yield coal pillars. The conventional coal pillars were designed as load-bearing structures with a high load-bearing capacity to carry most of the abutment load, while yield coal pillars were designed as buffer structures for transferring rapidly increasing abutment loads to adjacent solid coal ribs by progressive deformation.

Deciphering key nano-bio interface descriptors to predict nanoparticle-induced lung fibrosis.

Background: The advancement of nanotechnology underscores the imperative need for establishing in silico predictive models to assess safety, particularly in the context of chronic respiratory afflictions such as lung fibrosis, a pathogenic transformation that is irreversible. While the compilation of predictive descriptors is pivotal for in silico model development, key features specifically tailored for predicting lung fibrosis remain elusive. This study aimed to uncover the essential predictive descriptors governing nanoparticle-induced pulmonary fibrosis.

Two Disaccharide-Bearing Polyethers, K-41B and K-41Bm, Potently Inhibit HIV-1 via Mechanisms Different from That of Their Precursor Polyether, K-41A.

The screening of novel antiviral agents from marine microorganisms is an important strategy for new drug development. Our previous study found that polyether K-41A and its analog K-41Am, derived from a marine Streptomyces strain, exhibit anti-HIV activity by suppressing the activities of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) and its integrase (IN). Among the K-41A derivatives, two disaccharide-bearing polyethers-K-41B and K-41Bm-were found to have potent anti-HIV-1 activity in vitro.

Modifiable Risk Factors for Breast Cancer: Insights From Systematic Reviews.

Objective: To conduct a comprehensive review of reversible factors associated with breast cancer, with the aim of offering insights for the creation of early intervention strategies for breast cancer prevention.

Methods: The PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus databases were systematically searched to collect systematic reviews and meta-analyses related to breast cancer risk. Searches were limited to literature published from the inception of each database up to May 1, 2024.

Development and validation of a Prediction Model for Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Disease.

Background: Acute pulmonary embolism (APE) is a critical disease with a high mortality rate, some of the surviving patients may develop chronic thromboembolic pulmonary disease (CTEPD), which affects the patient's prognosis. However, the research on the early diagnosis of CTEPD is limited. This study aimed to establish a prediction model for earlier identification of CTEPD.

-to- Extrapolation on Lung Toxicity Induced by Metal Oxide Nanoparticles Data-Mining.

While analyses are commonly employed for chemical risk assessments, predicting chronic lung toxicity induced by engineered nanoparticles (ENMs) still faces many challenges due to complex interactions at multiple nanobio interfaces. In this study, we developed a rigorous method to compile published evidence on the lung toxicity of metal oxide nanoparticles (MeONPs) and revealed previously overlooked -to- extrapolation (IVIVE) relationships. A comprehensive multidimensional data set containing 1102 data points, 75 pulmonary toxicological biomarkers, and 20 features (covering effects, physicochemical properties, and exposure conditions) was constructed.

AI-based fingerprint index of visceral adipose tissue for the prediction of bowel damage in patients with Crohn's disease.

The fingerprint features of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) are intricately linked to bowel damage (BD) in patients with Crohn's disease (CD). We aimed to develop a VAT fingerprint index (VAT-FI) using radiomics and deep learning features extracted from computed tomography (CT) images of 1,135 CD patients across six hospitals (training cohort,  = 600; testing cohort,  = 535) for predicting BD, and to compare it with a subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT)-FI. VAT-FI exhibited greater predictive accuracy than SAT-FI in both training (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC] = 0.

Time-Efficient RSA over Large-Scale Multi-Domain EON.

The poor timeliness of routing has always been an urgent problem in practical operator networks, especially in situations with large-scale networks and multiple network domains. In this article, a pruning idea of routing integrated with Dijkstra's shortest path searching is utilized to accelerate the process of routing in large-scale multi-domain elastic optical networks (EONs). The layered-graph approach is adopted in the spectrum allocation stage.

Predicting the Time-Dependent Toxicities of Binary Mixtures of Five Antibiotics to sp.- Based on the QSAR Model.

Antibiotics may be exposed in a mixed state in natural environments. The toxicity of antibiotic mixtures exhibits time-dependent characteristics, and data on the time-dependent toxicity of antibiotic mixtures is also relatively lacking. In this study, the toxicities of 45 binary mixtures composed of five antibiotics were investigated against sp.

Trapping Combined Double-bypass to Manage Unruptured Giant Thrombosed MCA Aneurysm.

Management of giant complex thrombosed aneurysms of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) is challenging. Most giant MCA aneurysms possess some unfavorable features, such as incorporation of key MCA branches, efferent or perforating vessels originating from the sac, mural calcifications, intraluminal thrombi, or fusiform configurations. Due to these peculiar features, traditional clipping or simple endovascular coiling is generally not able to treat these aneurysms.

Piezo1 expression in mature osteocytes is dispensable for the skeletal response to mechanical loading.

Mechanical loading is essential for bone growth and homeostasis, with osteocytes considered the primary mechanosensors. Deleting the mechanosensitive ion channel Piezo1 from Dmp1-Cre-targeted cells, which include both osteoblasts and osteocytes, resulted in reduced bone mass and impaired skeletal responses to mechanical stimuli. To specifically isolate Piezo1's role in osteocytes, we used Sost-Cre mice to generate mice with Piezo1 deletion exclusively in mature osteocytes.

Deep learning-based reconstruction improves the image quality of low-dose CT enterography in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

Purpose: Lifelong re-examination of CT enterography (CTE) in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) may be necessary, and reducing radiation exposure during CT examinations is crucial. We investigated the potential application of deep learning reconstruction (DLR) in CTE to reduce radiation dose and improve image quality in IBD.

Methods: Thirty-six patients with known or suspected IBD were prospectively recruited to the low-dose CTE (LDCTE) group, while forty patients were retrospectively selected from previous clinical standard-dose CTE (STDCTE) scans as controls.

Joint probabilistic risk of organic micropollutants in the aquaculture seawater around Liaodong Peninsula.

The limited number of organic micropollutants (OMPs) investigated in aquaculture seawater may underestimate the risk to marine organisms. It is critical to comprehensively investigate the occurrence of diverse OMPs in mariculture area and assess their joint risks to coastal marine organisms. Herein, the joint risks caused by multiple substances were assessed based on the screened results of approximately 1300 non-polar to polar OMPs in the seawater of mariculture ponds and raft culture areas around Liaodong Peninsula.

Multiomics reveals microbial metabolites as key actors in intestinal fibrosis in Crohn's disease.

Intestinal fibrosis is the primary cause of disability in patients with Crohn's disease (CD), yet effective therapeutic strategies are currently lacking. Here, we report a multiomics analysis of gut microbiota and fecal/blood metabolites of 278 CD patients and 28 healthy controls, identifying characteristic alterations in gut microbiota (e.g.