Publications by authors named "Xuehan Li"
Overweight patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) tend to survive longer than normal-weight patients, a phenomenon known as the "obesity paradox". The phenotypic characteristics of adipose distribution in these patients (who survive longer) often reveal a larger proportion of subcutaneous white adipose tissue (scWAT), suggesting that the presence of scWAT is negatively associated with all-cause mortality and that scWAT appears to provide protective benefits in patients facing unhealthy states. Exercise-mediated browning is a crucial aspect of the benign remodeling process of adipose tissue (AT).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe flowers of (L.) Nees, the only species in the genus within the family , exhibit various pharmacological activities. From the ethanol extract, two compounds were identified: a known compound named A and a new derivative, G.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Prenatal depression is a prevalent mental health challenge encountered during pregnancy and is notably associated with adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. This study aimed to elucidate the likelihood and determinants of depressive symptoms among pregnant individuals in Beijing, thereby laying a foundational framework for the theoretical underpinning of prenatal screening and preemptive interventions for mental disorders.
Methods: The study dataset was derived from 4,564 pregnant individuals in Beijing utilizing a cross-sectional survey methodology.
Background: Paediatric acute kidney injury (AKI) is common and linked to longer hospitalisation and mortality. We investigated whether a continuous intraoperative infusion of dexmedetomidine, which increases renal blood flow, was associated with a lower risk of postoperative AKI in paediatric patients undergoing noncardiac surgery.
Methods: This retrospective cohort study included paediatric patients undergoing noncardiac surgery between January 2019 and July 2021.
Food synthetic biology is garnering increasing attention for its potential to generate bioactive components. His-tag is one of the most popular tags used in food synthetic biology. Herein, His-tag, His-tagged proteins, and His-tagged peptides were adopted as the model targets, and a commonly used biosensor was developed to monitor His-tagged food biomolecules, using split aptamers as specific recognition probes and nanozyme as the transduction element.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiliary tract cancer (BTC), encompassing diseases such as intrahepatic (ICC), extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ECC), and gallbladder cancer, is not only increasing but also poses a significant and urgent health threat due to its high malignancy. Genomic differences point to the possibility that these subtypes represent distinct diseases. Elucidation of the specific distribution of T-cell subsets, critical to cancer immunity, across these diseases could provide better insights into the unique biology of BTC subtypes and help identify potential precision medicine strategies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRemnant cholesterol (RC) is highly regarded in the cardiovascular field; however, its relationship with new-onset diabetes remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between RC and the risk of developing diabetes, as well as its interaction with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c). This was a secondary analysis of a retrospective cohort study based on a Chinese population.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGrain boundary hardening and precipitation hardening are important mechanisms for enhancing the strength of metals. Here, we show that these two effects can be amplified simultaneously in nanocrystalline compositionally complex alloys (CCAs), leading to near-theoretical strength and large deformability. We develop a model nanograined (TiZrNbHf)Ni alloy via thermodynamic design.
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- Prolonged electroencephalographic (EEG) depression during surgery is linked to negative patient outcomes, but there's limited research on how sudden increases in carbon dioxide levels affect EEG.
- In a case study of four patients undergoing laparoscopic liver surgery, EEG monitoring revealed a notable depression in EEG activity shortly after a rise in carbon dioxide levels, indicated by slower frequencies and reduced EEG amplitude.
- The findings suggest that anesthesiologists should be vigilant for EEG depression during sudden increases in carbon dioxide, recommending the use of EEG monitoring in patients at risk of elevated carbon dioxide levels.
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy, which targets tumors with high specificity through the recognition of particular antigens, has emerged as one of the most rapidly advancing modalities in immunotherapy, demonstrating substantial success against hematological malignancies. However, previous generations of CAR-T cell therapy encountered numerous challenges in treating solid tumors, such as the lack of suitable targets, high immunosuppression, suboptimal persistence, and insufficient infiltration owing to the complexities of the tumor microenvironment, all of which limited their efficacy. In this review, we focus on the current therapeutic targets of fourth-generation CAR-T cells, also known as armored CAR-T cells, and explore the mechanisms by which these engineered cells navigate the tumor microenvironment by targeting its various components.
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- Scientists studied how lung damage happens after it loses blood flow and then gets it back, especially looking at a process called pyroptosis, which makes the damage worse.
- They found that a type of immune cell in the lungs called alveolar macrophages is where most pyroptosis occurs.
- They also discovered that a substance called β-hydroxybutyrate (β-OHB) can help protect the lungs from this damage by changing how certain proteins work in the cells.
Liposomes delivery systems of functional substances for precision nutrition.
Adv Food Nutr Res
September 2024
Natural bioactive compounds with antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer, and other biological activities are vital for maintaining the body's physiological functions and enhancing immunity. These compounds have great potential as nutritional therapeutic agents, but they can be limited due to their poor flavor, color, unstable nature, and poor water solubility, and degradation by gastrointestinal enzymes. Liposomes, as ideal carriers, can encapsulate both water-soluble and fat-soluble nutrients, enhance the bioavailability of functional substances, promote the biological activity of functional substances, and control the release of nutrients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Postoperative urinary retention (POUR) is a common complication of anorectal surgery. This study was to determine the incidence of POUR in anorectal surgery for benign anorectal diseases, identify its risk factors, and establish a nomogram for prediction of POUR.
Methods: A nested case-control study was conducted.
Article Synopsis
- Cardiac open-heart surgery can be risky for older people, especially if they have a condition called sarcopenia, which means they have less muscle mass.
- In a study analyzing 12 research papers, it was found that older patients with sarcopenia had a higher chance of dying after surgery and needed to stay in the hospital longer.
- By recognizing sarcopenia early, doctors can take better care of these patients and help them have safer surgeries.
Article Synopsis
- * A study comparing two methods of pudendal nerve block showed that adding dexamethasone to the anesthesia significantly reduced moderate to severe pain during the first dressing change and improved overall recovery quality.
- * The combination of ropivacaine and dexamethasone not only lowered pain levels but also decreased incidents of complications like postoperative urinary retention, indicating a potential advancement in pain management strategies post-surgery.
Article Synopsis
- Kisspeptin signaling plays a crucial role in regulating energy balance, particularly through its effects on adipose tissue, which produces and responds to Kisspeptin.
- Research in mice indicates that adipose Kiss1 gene expression is enhanced by exercise, but its specific impact on energy homeostasis and adaptations to prolonged exercise had not been fully understood before this study.
- The study found that Kiss1 influences lipid and glucose management, with a greater impact observed in female mice, and its deficiency can reduce muscle protein content related to energy metabolism after extended exercise, suggesting its potential as a new factor for enhancing metabolic responses post-exercise.
Article Synopsis
- Pudendal neuralgia is a painful condition affecting 5-26% of people and is treated through various methods, but drug therapy often provides limited relief.
- This study investigates the effectiveness and safety of pulsed radiofrequency therapy alone versus in combination with ganglion impar block in patients who haven't responded to other treatments.
- The trial will involve 84 participants, measuring pain and psychological outcomes while monitoring for side effects, with analysis focusing on differences between the treatment methods and various patient subgroups.
This paper presents an in-depth analysis of the oscillation phenomenon occurring in multi-chip parallel automotive-grade power modules under short-circuit conditions and investigates three suppression methods. We tested and analyzed two commercial automotive-grade power modules, one containing two chips and the other containing a single chip, and found that short-circuit gate oscillations were more likely to occur in multi-chip parallel packaged modules than in single-chip packaged modules. Through experimental and simulation analyses, we observed that gate oscillations were mainly caused by the interaction between internal parasitic parameters of the module and the external drive circuit, and we found that high drive resistance and low common emitter inductance between parallel chips could effectively suppress gate voltage oscillations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Compared with monotherapy, combination therapy with multiple antihypertensive drugs has demonstrated superior efficacy in the management of hypertension. The aim of this study was to explore the efficacy of multitarget combined vaccines in achieving simultaneous antihypertensive and target organ protection effects.
Methods: Our team has developed ATRQβ-001 and ADRQβ-004 vaccines targeting Ang II type 1 receptor (AT1R) and α1D-adrenergic receptor (α1D-AR), respectively.
Background And Aims: HCC, particularly the multifocal HCC, features aggressive invasion and dismal prognosis. Locoregional treatments were often refractory to eliminate tumor tissue, resulting in residual tumor cells persisting and subsequent progression. Owing to problematic delivery to the tumor tissue, systemic therapies, such as lenvatinib (LEN) therapy, show limited clinical benefit in preventing residual tumor progression.
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- - A fortified Daqu (FF Daqu) was created using a high cellulase-producing strain, leading to significant improvements in its saccharification, liquefaction, and cellulase activity compared to traditional Daqu (CT Daqu).
- - While the overall flavor profile of FF Daqu remained similar to that of CT Daqu, it showed lower levels of higher alcohols and a higher percentage of dominant active microbial species (85.08% vs. 63.42%).
- - In a simulated baijiu brewing process, the use of FF Daqu resulted in a 3.36% increase in baijiu yield when compared to traditional methods.
Article Synopsis
- This study examines adverse events (AEs) and adverse drug reactions (ADRs) linked to the antifibrotic drugs pirfenidone and nintedanib, used for treating idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).
- Analysis involved data from over 90,000 reports in two major databases, highlighting that male patients and those over 65 are more likely to report AEs, with gastrointestinal issues being the most prevalent.
- The research identified novel ADR signals, such as hemiplegic migraine for pirfenidone and asthenia for nintedanib, emphasizing the importance of ongoing safety evaluations despite the drugs being mostly deemed safe according to label information.
Article Synopsis
- This study explored how resistance training (RT) paired with cheese supplementation affected body composition, lipid profiles, muscle strength, and gut bacteria in untrained adult males over four weeks.
- Participants were divided into four groups receiving varying amounts of cheese while completing a whole-body RT program three times a week, with their body parameters analyzed before and after the intervention.
- Results indicated that cheese supplementation improved certain health markers, including higher HDL-C levels and lower body fat in the medium-dose group, while muscle strength showed no significant differences across groups, suggesting cheese could be beneficial alongside RT.
Article Synopsis
- Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) may enhance lung cancer treatment when combined with chemoradiation, but there's concern about increased pneumonitis risk, necessitating careful evaluation of this combination.
- A retrospective study analyzed 152 lung cancer patients who received chemoradiation (with or without ICIs) between January 2020 and December 2021, monitoring pneumonitis incidence through CT scans and tracking various clinical characteristics.
- The cohort mainly included non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, with the study aiming to determine any significant differences in pneumonitis rates and identify potential risk factors associated with the combination therapy.
Background: Splanchnic nerve neurolysis (SNN) is commonly used as an alternative pain control technique to celiac plexus neurolysis (CPN) in patients with distortion of anatomy, but the analgesic effect and relative risks of the 2 procedures remain controversial in general condition.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the pain condition, safety, and symptom burden of SNN compared with CPN.
Study Design: A systematic review and meta-analysis of neurolysis therapy for intractable cancer-related abdominal pain.