Association of breastfeeding practices during the first 12 months and subsequent infant respiratory tract infections: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Breastfeeding and human milk are the normative standards for infant feeding and nutrition.

Objectives: We aimed to examine the association of breastfeeding practices during the first year of life with subsequent infant respiratory tract infections (RTIs).

Methods: The study was a secondary analysis embedded in the Tongji Maternal and Child Health Cohort study.

Classification of Hyperspectral Images of Explosive Fragments Based on Spatial-Spectral Combination.

The identification and recovery of explosive fragments can provide a reference for the evaluation of explosive power and the design of explosion-proof measures. At present, fragment detection usually uses a few bands in the visible light or infrared bands for imaging, without fully utilizing multi-band spectral information. Hyperspectral imaging has high spectral resolution and can provide multidimensional reference information for the fragments to be classified.

Advancing the analysis of volatile selenium species in high-humidity and low-volatility paddy systems: A novel approach for speciation and quantification.

Selenium (Se) volatilization represents a crucial component of the Se biogeochemical cycle in paddy systems. However, current existing methodologies for capturing volatile Se (VOSe) in high-humidity and low-volatility paddy systems are insufficient. This study developed an innovative approach to capture and quantify VOSe from soil and rice plants, such as DMSe (dimethylselenide) and DMDSe (dimethyldiselenide).

Dietary patterns and bone density among school-aged children: a cross-sectional study in China.

Background: Diet is an essential modifiable determinant of bone health, yet the associations between dietary patterns (DPs) and bone mineral density (BMD) in Chinese children remain limited.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between overall diet and low BMD risk among school-aged children in China.

Methods: A total of 1,099 children aged 9-12 in China were recruited for this cross-sectional study.

Upconversion/Downshifting Circularly Polarized Luminescence over 1200 nm in a Single Nanoparticle for Optical Anticounterfeiting and Information Encryption.

Multimodal upconversion and downshifting circularly polarized luminescent materials hold significant potential for optical anticounterfeiting applications due to their exceptional chiroptical properties. However, constructing these materials within a single emitter remains challenging. In this study, a conceptual model of multimodal upconversion/downshifting circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) is realized within a single nanoparticle.

A robust bio-based polyurethane employed as surgical suture with help to promote skin wound healing.

Designing bio-based polyurethane materials with excellent mechanical, biocompatibility, and self-healing properties simultaneously is currently a significant challenge due to the increasing demands for high-performance materials. In this study, we propose an asymmetric backbone strategy utilizing bio-based polycarbonate as the soft segment, equimolar ratios of lysine diisocyanate and isophorone diisocyanate as asymmetric hard segments, and isophorone diamine as the chain extender. The resulting polyurethane elastomers exhibit excellent mechanical properties, including high tensile stress (46.

Injectable Gel-PEG hydrogels as promising delivery system for intravitreal PACAP release: Novel therapeutics for unilateral common carotid artery occlusion induced retinal ischemia.

Retinal ischemia is an ophthalmic emergency often caused by cardiovascular diseases, leading to irreversible vision loss and even blindness. Innovative retinal ischemia treatments are needed due to limited options. The pathological mechanisms involve retinal cell apoptosis and microglial activation.

Differential expression of plasma cytokines in sepsis patients and their clinical implications.

Background: Sepsis, which is characterized by acute systemic inflammation and is associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality, presents a significant challenge in health care. Some scholars have found that the sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) and quick SOFA scores are not ideal for predicting severe sepsis and mortality. Microbial culture takes a long time (2-3 d) and provides no information for early diagnosis and treatment.

TruckSim-based study of the rollover accident mechanisms of container semitrailers on freeway interchange loop ramps.

In this study, to investigate the factors affecting container semitrailer rollovers while driving on interchange loop ramps, a simulation model was established in TruckSim on the basis of data collected from an in-depth investigation of the vehicle, road, and driving behaviors in a real accident. The established model was validated by reproducing the accident in a simulation. The effects of vehicle speed, the height of the cargo's center of gravity, tractor-semitrailer interactions, and the radius of the circular curve on container semitrailer rollover were investigated using the established model.

Analysis of occurrences and causes of abnormal liver function in 109 patients with COVID-19.

Context: COVID-19 is a novel coronavirus pneumonia, which is related to abnormal liver function. Thus, it is important to explore the occurrences and causes of abnormal liver function with COVID-19.

Methods: We chose 109 patients with COVID-19 in 2020 and studied the relationship between gender, age, basic diseases, antiviral drug treatment, disease classification, and abnormal liver function, and analyzed the causes of abnormal liver function in patients with COVID-19.

The impact of task measurements on sequential dependence: a comparison between temporal reproduction and discrimination tasks.

Decisions about a current stimulus are influenced by previously encountered stimuli, leading to sequential bias. However, the specific processing levels at which serial dependence emerges remain unclear. Despite considerable evidence pointing to contributions from perceptual and post-perceptual processes, as well as response carryover effects impacting subsequent judgments, research into how different task measurements affect sequential dependencies is limited.

Artificial Intelligence for Early Detection of Pediatric Eye Diseases Using Mobile Photos.

Importance: Identifying pediatric eye diseases at an early stage is a worldwide issue. Traditional screening procedures depend on hospitals and ophthalmologists, which are expensive and time-consuming. Using artificial intelligence (AI) to assess children's eye conditions from mobile photographs could facilitate convenient and early identification of eye disorders in a home setting.

Research on Mechanism and Effect of Enhancing Gas Recovery by CO Huff-n-Puff in Shale Gas Reservoir.

The technology of CO-enhanced gas recovery (CO-EGR) plays a pivotal role in the CCUS (Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage) industry, which helps to achieve a win-win situation of economic benefit and environmental benefit for gas fields. Shale gas reservoirs, with their unique geological and surface engineering advantages, are one of the most promising options for CCUS implementation. Focusing on shale formations within the mid-deep blocks of the Sichuan Basin, this study conducted competitive adsorption experiments using multicomponent gases.

Association of vitamin D intake during pregnancy with small vulnerable newborns: a population-based cohort study.

Maternal vitamin D deficiency is common worldwide and has a significant impact on newborns. However, whether vitamin D intake during pregnancy is related to small vulnerable newborns (SVN) has not been confirmed. Thus, we sought to examine the relationship between maternal vitamin D intake, including vitamin D supplementation and dietary intake, and the risk of SVN.

Near-Infrared Circularly Polarized Luminescent Physical Unclonable Functions.

Distinguished from traditional physical unclonable functions (PUFs), optical PUFs derive their encoded information from the optical properties of materials, offering distinct advantages, including solution processability, material versatility, and tunable luminescence performance. However, existing research on optical PUFs has predominantly centered on visible photoluminescence, while advanced optical PUFs based on higher-level covert light remain unexplored. In this study, we present optical PUFs based on the utilization of the covert light of near-infrared circularly polarized luminescence (NIR-CPL).

Gouqi-derived nanovesicles (GqDNVs) inhibited dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy associating with AMPK/SIRT1/PGC1α signaling pathway.

With the increasing trend of global aging, sarcopenia has become a significant public health issue. Goji berry, also known as "Gou qi zi" in China, is a traditional Chinese herb that can enhance the structure and function of muscles and bones. Otherwise, previous excellent publications illustrated that plant-derived exosome-like nanoparticles can exert good bioactive functions in different aging or disease models.

Carsim-based simulation study on the performances of raised speed deceleration facilities under different profiles.

Objective: Studying the optimal profile shape and size of deceleration facilities suitable for low-speed environment roads under different speed control intervals.

Methods: Simulation modeling of deceleration facilities with various profile shapes and sizes and for vehicles in different speed intervals was performed using the vehicle dynamics simulation software Carsim. The height jumped by a vehicle's wheels, the vertical force on the wheels, and the vertical acceleration of the vehicle were used as indicators of ride comfort and operational stability for the various deceleration facility profiles.

Correlation Between HIF1-A Expression and Airway Remodeling in COPD.

Background: Airway remodeling is a significant pathological characteristic of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In recent years, hypoxia-inducible factor 1-α (HIF-1α), a member of the hypoxia-inducible factor protein family, has gained attention. However, the potential correlation between HIF-1α and COPD airway remodeling remains unclear.