Discovery of a non-nucleotide stimulator of interferon genes (STING) agonist with systemic antitumor effect.

Agonists of the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway are increasingly being recognized as a promising new approach in the treatment of cancer. Although progress in clinical trials for STING agonists in antitumor applications has been slow, there is still an urgent need for developing new potent STING agonists with versatile potential applications. Herein, we developed and identified a non-nucleotide STING agonist called DW18343.

Combined pyrotinib and fulvestrant for hormone receptor-positive and HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer: A multicenter, single-arm, phase II trial.

This multicenter, single-arm, phase II clinical trial (NCT04034589) evaluated the efficacy and safety of pyrotinib combined with fulvestrant in patients with HR-positive/HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer who had experienced trastuzumab treatment failure. A total of 46 patients were enrolled, receiving pyrotinib orally once daily and fulvestrant intramuscularly on days 1 and 15 of cycle 1, followed by monthly doses on day 1. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS), while secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and safety.

Implication of serum soluble IL-2 receptor α in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the association of serum soluble IL-2 receptor α (sIL-2RA) with T2DM-related characteristics and complications.

Methods: Serum sIL-2RA levels were determined in 156 T2DM patients, and the association with T2DM-related characteristics and complications was evaluated.

Results: Serum sIL-2RA levels were significantly increased in T2DM patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) (median, IQR, 1434.

Knowledge, attitudes and practices among patients with periodontal disease toward disease management.

Introduction: Periodontal disease is a common chronic inflammatory condition that affects oral health and carries broader public health implications. This study aimed to assess the levels of knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) among patients with periodontal disease toward disease management.

Methods: This cross-sectional web-based study was conducted between March 2022 and March 2023.

Two detoxification enzyme genes, and , mediate the susceptibility to afidopyropen in .

Introduction: is an important economic pest affecting Caprifoliaceae and Apiaceae plants, and chemical control is still the main effective control method in the field. Afidopyropen is a new type of pyridine cyclopropyl insecticide, which can effectively control piercing-sucking mouthparts pests and is suitable for pest resistance management. However, the detoxification mechanism of .

Perspectives of traditional herbal medicines in treating retinitis pigmentosa.

Medicinal plants, also known as herbs, have been discovered and utilized in traditional medical practice since prehistoric times. Medicinal plants have been proven rich in thousands of natural products that hold great potential for the development of new drugs. Previously, we reviewed the types of Chinese traditional medicines that a Tang Dynasty monk Jianzhen (Japanese: Ganjin) brought to Japan from China in 742.

Enhanced brain network flexibility by physical exercise in female methamphetamine users.

Unlabelled: Methamphetamine (MA) abuse is increasing worldwide, and evidence indicates that MA causes degraded cognitive functions such as executive function, attention, and flexibility. Recent studies have shown that regular physical exercise can ameliorate the disturbed functions. However, the potential functional network alterations resulting from physical exercise have not been extensively studied in female MA users.

Brain-inspired multisensory integration neural network for cross-modal recognition through spatiotemporal dynamics and deep learning.

The integration and interaction of cross-modal senses in brain neural networks can facilitate high-level cognitive functionalities. In this work, we proposed a bioinspired multisensory integration neural network (MINN) that integrates visual and audio senses for recognizing multimodal information across different sensory modalities. This deep learning-based model incorporates a cascading framework of parallel convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for extracting intrinsic features from visual and audio inputs, and a recurrent neural network (RNN) for multimodal information integration and interaction.

Deep source transfer learning for the estimation of internal brain dynamics using scalp EEG.

Electroencephalography (EEG) provides high temporal resolution neural data for brain-computer interfacing via noninvasive electrophysiological recording. Estimating the internal brain activity by means of source imaging techniques can further improve the spatial resolution of EEG and enhance the reliability of neural decoding and brain-computer interaction. In this work, we propose a novel EEG data-driven source imaging scheme for precise and efficient estimation of macroscale spatiotemporal brain dynamics across thalamus and cortical regions with deep learning methods.

A review of ethical considerations for the medical applications of brain-computer interfaces.

The development and potential applications of brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) are directly related to the human brain and may have adverse effects on the users' physical and mental health. Ethical issues, particularly those associated with BCIs, including both non-medical and medical applications, have captured societal attention. This article initially reviews the application of three ethical frameworks in BCI technology: consequentialism, deontology, and virtue ethics.

Time-frequency-space transformer EEG decoding for spinal cord injury.

Transformer neural networks based on multi-head self-attention are effective in several fields. To capture brain activity on electroencephalographic (EEG) signals and construct an effective pattern recognition model, this paper explores the multi-channel deep feature decoding method utilizing the self-attention mechanism. By integrating inter-channel features with intra-channel features, the self-attention mechanism generates a deep feature vector that encompasses information from all brain activities.

3D bioprinting of the airways and lungs for applications in tissue engineering and in vitro models.

Tissue engineering and in vitro modeling of the airways and lungs in the respiratory system are of substantial research and clinical importance. In vitro airway and lung models aim to improve treatment options for airway and lung repair and advance respiratory pathophysiological research. The construction of biomimetic native airways and lungs with tissue-specific biological, mechanical, and configurable features remains challenging.

Harnessing bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles and biomimetic peptide WKYMVm in self-healing hydrogel for enhanced bone repair in femoral defects.

Skeletal disorders pose significant challenges to health and quality of life, underscoring the critical need for innovative bone repair methods. Recent studies have spotlighted the promising role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in conjunction with biomimetic peptide (BP) WKYMVm (WK) for bone repair. This research leveraged a self-healing hydrogel as a carrier, effectively loading EVs and WK to enhance treatment efficacy.

Comparison of the efficacy and safety of perioperative immunochemotherapeutic strategies for locally advanced esophageal cancer: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Background: The aim of this network meta-analysis was to clarify the efficacy and safety of different immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in combination with chemotherapy in the neoadjuvant phase for the treatment of locally advanced esophageal cancer.

Methods: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CNKI and WanFang databases from January 2000 until May 2024. The primary endpoints were pathological complete response (pCR), major pathological response (MPR), R0 resection rate, objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), treatment-related adverse events(TRAEs) of any grade and TRAEs of grade 3 or higher.

From nature to clinic: Quercetin's role in breast cancer immunomodulation.

Immunotherapy has brought hope to many breast cancer patients, but not all patients benefit from it. Quercetin (Qu), a natural product found in various sources, has anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor properties. We conducted a review of the pharmacological research of Qu in regulating anti-tumor immunity and .

Ileocecal mucinous carcinoma misdiagnosed as incarcerated hernia: A case report.

Mucinous carcinoma is a rare clinical disease. Although well described in the literature, a mucinous carcinoma diagnosis is often difficult due to its atypical clinical presentation. We report a female patient with a right inguinal mass and ileocecal myxo carcinoma who was misdiagnosed as having a right incarcerated inguinal hernia invading the peritoneum incarcerated inguinal hernia and ileocecal myxo carcinoma.

Cost-effectiveness of camrelizumab plus rivoceranib for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma in the context of regional disparities in China.

Objective: To assess the cost-effectiveness of combining camrelizumab with rivoceranib versus sorafenib as initial treatment options for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) across different developmental regions in China.

Methods: Utilizing TreeAge Pro and data from the phase III randomized CARES-310 clinical trial, a model based on Markov state transitions was developed. Health state utility values were derived from the CARES-310 trial, and direct medical costs were obtained from relevant literature and local pricing data.

Pathological features of the differentiation landscape in esophageal squamous cell cancer and their correlations with prognosis.

Background: For esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), universally accepted pathological criteria for classification by differentiation degree are lacking. Tumor budding, single-cell invasion, and nuclear grade, recognized as prognostic factors in other carcinomas, have rarely been investigated for their correlation with differentiation and prognosis in ESCC. This study aims to determine if pathological findings can predict differentiation degree and prognosis in ESCC.

Case report: Giant meningioma of the left hemisphere.

Meningiomas are some of the most prevalent primary brain tumors in adults, and are typically non-neuroglial in nature. A variety of symptoms may be observed, including headaches, fluctuations in mental status, ataxia, muscle weakness, nausea and vomiting, seizures, visual changes, speech disorders, and sensory abnormalities. The World Health Organization (WHO) has a grading system for meningiomas based on histological criteria, which is as follows: Grade 1 meningiomas are considered benign; Grade 2 meningiomas have a moderately aggressive nature and usually present with histological atypia; and Grade 3 meningiomas exhibit aggressive malignant behavior.

Comparison of tracer kinetic models in differentiating malignant from normal prostate tissue using dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) derived kinetic parameters with high spatiotemporal resolution in discriminating malignant from normal prostate tissues.

Methods: Fifty patients with suspicious of malignant diseases in prostate were included in this study. Regions of interest (ROI) were manually delineated by experienced radiologists.

Laparoscopic repair of intrathoracic kidney associated with giant congenital diaphragmatic hernia: an infant case report and literature review.

Background: Intrathoracic kidney (ITK) is a rare congenital disease, with only about 40 pediatric cases reported worldwide to date. ITK associated with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is even rarer, and we report a case of an infant with ITK combined with a giant CDH.

Case Description And Management: A six-month-old male infant was hospitalized due to "vomiting for 4 days".

Fluoxetine inhibited RANKL-induced osteoclastic differentiation .

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor correlates with decreased bone mineral density and impedes orthodontic tooth movement. The present study aimed to examine the effects of fluoxetine on osteoclast differentiation and function. Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs) and murine RAW264.

Effects of supplemental feeding of Chinese herbal mixtures to perinatal sows on reproductive performance, immunity, and breast milk quality of sows.

The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of supplementary feeding with Chinese herbal mixtures on perinatal sows, focusing on their reproductive performance, immunity and breast milk quality. Sixty healthy pregnant sows (Large white, 4 parities) were randomly allocated into five treatment groups ( = 12 per group): the control group received a basal diet, the TRT1 group received a basal diet supplemented with 2 kg/t Bazhen powder (BZP), while the TRT2, TRT3, and TRT4 groups received a basal diet supplemented with 1 kg/t, 2 kg/t, and 3 kg/t Qi-Zhu-Gui-Shao soothing liver and replenishing blood powder (QZGSP), respectively. The trial lasted for a duration of 5 weeks, commencing from day 100 of gestation and concluding on day 21 postpartum.

Emamectin·chlorfenapyr-induced fatal leukoencephalomyelopathy with delayed hyperthermia: insecticide endanger public safety.

Background: Emamectin·chlorfenapyr is a compound comprising chlorfenapyr and emamectin benzoate that is widely used in agriculture. Chlorfenapyr toxicity has been verified in animals; however, its true mechanism and progression in humans remain to be elucidated. Cases of emamectin·chlorfenapyr poisoning are seldom.

Intra-arterial cocktail therapy for patients with anterior circulation large vessel occlusion who achieved endovascular reperfusion.

Background: Clinically ineffective reperfusion (CIR) refers to the discrepancy between successful reperfusion and a favorable functional outcome in patients with large vessel occlusion (LVO) stroke after endovascular treatment (EVT). The Improving Neuroprotective Strategy for Ischemic Stroke with Sufficient Recanalization after Thrombectomy by Intra-arterial Cocktail Therapy (INSIST-CT) trial aimed to explore the safety, feasibility, and efficacy of intra-arterial cocktail therapy using argatroban, dexamethasone, and edaravone in patients who achieved sufficient reperfusion after EVT.

Methods: In this prospective, single-arm, pilot study, eligible patients with anterior circulation LVO who achieved sufficient reperfusion after EVT were enrolled in the INSIST-CT trial.