Visible-light-mediated selenocyclization of -vinylanilides with diselenides.

Herein, we describe a visible-light-mediated selenocyclization of -vinylanilides with diselenides, which provides a mild and effective method for the synthesis of selenylated 4-3,1-benzoxazines. This reaction proceeds under metal-free conditions, without the need for a chemical oxidant or a controlled O atmosphere and shows a broad substrate scope with yields of up to 98%. Additionally, the process is easily scalable to the gram scale.

[Application and outlook of new technologies and equipment in modern manufacturing of traditional Chinese medicine pills].

Since ancient times, traditional Chinese medicine pills have occupied a key position among different dosage forms of traditional Chinese medicine. With the aims of comprehensively improving the overall quality and innovating key technologies in the manufacturing of the pills, this article elaborates on the principles and new technology applications in pulverizing, sterilization, agglomeration, forming, and drying. In addition, modern technologies such as biosensing, image analysis, texture property evaluation, and moisture analysis can comprehensively and accurately characterize the quality of key materials in the manufacturing of traditional Chinese medicine pills, thereby achieving strict control over the quality of raw materials, intermediates, and final products and further monitoring and optimizing the entire production process of pill preparations.

Baicalein ameliorates SEB-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome in a microbiota-dependent manner.

Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is characterized by sudden and extensive pulmonary inflammation, with a mortality rate of approximately 40 %. Presently, there is no effective treatment to prevent or reverse its severe consequences. Baicalein (BAI) is a natural vicinal trihydroxyflavone and has been identified as the core quality marker of Scutellariae baicalensis for its effect on lung inflammation.

Association between brominated flame retardants (PBDEs and PBB153) exposure and hypertension in U.S. adults: results from NHANES 2005-2016.

Background: Brominated Flame Retardants (BFRs) have attracted widespread concern due to their environmental persistence and potential toxicity. This study aims to examine the association between BFRs exposure and hypertension.

Methods: We used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning 2005 to 2016 for the cross-sectional analysis.

Trypsin-encoding gene function of efficient star polycation nanomaterial-mediated dsRNA feeding delivery system of Grapholita molesta.

Background: Grapholita molesta is an important and harmful fruit pest worldwide, with widespread feeding hosts. Trypsin, an indispensable hydrolytic digestive protease in the insect gut, is crucial in digestion, growth and development. We analyzed the characteristics of the trypsin-encoding genes, screened for the optimal dose of RNAi mediated by nanocarriers, and investigated various indices of larval growth and development of G.

Synthesis of 3-sulfonylisoindolin-1-ones from olefinic amides and sodium sulfinates electrooxidative tandem cyclization.

Sulfonyl groups are motifs that are widely found in biologically active compounds and drug molecules, many isolated natural products as well as pharmaceuticals contain sulfonyl groups. Herein, we present the synthesis of sulfonyl-substituted isoindolones by a electrochemical oxidative radical cascade cycloaddition reaction of olefinic amides with sodium sulfite under oxidant- and catalyst-free conditions. Various olefinic amides and sodium sulfinates were compatible and gave the desired products in yields up to 99%.

[Expression and significance of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α and Bcl-2/adenovirus E1B19kDa-interacting protein 3 in children with traumatic brain injury].

Objectives: To dynamically observe the changes in hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) and Bcl-2/adenovirus E1B19kDa-interacting protein 3 (BNIP3) in children with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and evaluate their clinical value in predicting the severity and prognosis of pediatric TBI.

Methods: A prospective study included 47 children with moderate to severe TBI from January 2021 to July 2023, categorized into moderate (scores 9-12) and severe (scores 3-8) subgroups based on the Glasgow Coma Scale. A control group consisted of 30 children diagnosed and treated for inguinal hernia during the same period, with no underlying diseases.

Cyclometalated Iridium(III) Complexes Containing Viologen-Modified Phenylpyridine Ligands as Electroluminochromic Active Molecules for Information Display.

Electroluminochromic (ELC) materials have garnered significant research interest because of their potential applications in lighting, displaying, and sensing. These materials exhibit reversible modulation of photoluminescence under low-voltage stimuli. Here five phosphorescent iridium(III) complexes are reported featuring viologen-substituted 2-phenylpyridine (Vppy) ligands acting as electroactive components.

[Mechanisms of changes of active components in Chinese medicinal materials during drying: a review].

Drying is an indispensable processing step for Chinese medicinal materials after harvesting. It often leads to significant changes in the active components of these materials, thus impacting their medicinal values. Understanding the mechanisms behind the changes during the drying process is of great importance for regulating the transformation of key active components.

Effects of ultrasonic power on drying kinetics and product quality of licorice extract during ultrasound-assisted vacuum drying.

Background: Licorice extract is an important raw material for food additives and medicine. The quality of licorice extract is dictated by the drying process. The commonly used drying methods of licorice extract are not efficient in obtaining high-quality products so alternative techniques need to be developed and researched.

Mid-term outcome of catheter ablation of idiopathic non-outflow tract ventricular arrhythmias.

Background: Catheter ablation is recommended in patients with frequent and symptomatic ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) in an otherwise normal heart. Right or left outflow tract (OT) are the most common origins, and catheter ablation is highly effective with low complication rates. However, outcome of catheter ablation of VAs other than the OT (non-OTVAs) is limited.

Design of a high speed rat whiskers tracking and symmetry analysis system based on FPGA.

This paper presents a high-speed rat whisker tracking and symmetry analysis system based on FPGA. The system utilizes high-speed image sensors recording rat face videos at 120 and 1000 fps. The Xilinx Ultra96 single computer board is chosen as the platform to implement the system's processing system (PS) and the programmable logic (PL) part.

[Current status, trends, and challenges of continuous manufacturing technology for oral traditional Chinese medicine solid preparations].

In recent years, continuous manufacturing technology has attracted considerable attention in the pharmaceutical industry. This technology is highly sought after for its significant advantages in cost reduction, increased efficiency, and improved productivity, making it a growing trend in the future of the pharmaceutical industry. Compared to traditional batch production methods, continuous manufacturing technology features real-time control and environmentally friendly intelligence, enabling pharmaceutical companies to produce drugs more efficiently.

Association between urinary metabolites of volatile organic compounds and cardiovascular disease in the general population from NHANES 2011-2018.

Background: Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) contain hundreds of chemicals and human exposure to VOCs is pervasive. However, most studies have considered only a single chemical or a class of similar chemicals.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the association between urinary volatile organic compound metabolites (mVOCs) and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the general population.

Soft and stretchable organic bioelectronics for continuous intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring during microsurgery.

In microneurosurgery, it is crucial to maintain the structural and functional integrity of the nerve through continuous intraoperative identification of neural anatomy. To this end, here we report the development of a translatable system leveraging soft and stretchable organic-electronic materials for continuous intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring. The system uses conducting polymer electrodes with low impedance and low modulus to record near-field action potentials continuously during microsurgeries, offers higher signal-to-noise ratios and reduced invasiveness when compared with handheld clinical probes for intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring and can be multiplexed, allowing for the precise localization of the target nerve in the absence of anatomical landmarks.

Systematic review of digital twin technology and applications.

As one of the most important applications of digitalization, intelligence, and service, the digital twin (DT) breaks through the constraints of time, space, cost, and security on physical entities, expands and optimizes the relevant functions of physical entities, and enhances their application value. This phenomenon has been widely studied in academia and industry. In this study, the concept and definition of DT, as utilized by scholars and researchers in various fields of industry, are summarized.

Effect of Prolonged Use of Dronedarone on Recurrence in Patients with Non-Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation After Radiofrequency Ablation (DORIS): Rationale and Design of a Randomized Multicenter, Double-Blinded Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Background: Prolonged use of anti-arrhythmic drugs (AAD) beyond the post-ablation blanking period to maintain sinus rhythm has been adopted in clinical practice but without sufficient evidence. Dronedarone is an AAD valid for maintaining sinus rhythm with fewer side effects than other AAD for long-term use.

Objective: We sought to investigate the effect of prolonged use of dronedarone on the recurrence of non-paroxysmal AF patients beyond 3 months within the first year after ablation.

An analysis of antithrombotic therapy in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions.

As a result of large, randomized trials and updates to clinical guidelines, antithrombotic therapy following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has changed in recent years for patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). The purpose of this study was to investigate the real-world data of antithrombotic regimens at discharge and their evolving trends, as well as compare the effect of different therapies on the incidence of major cardiovascular and cerebrovascular ischemic events (MACCEs) and bleeding events in elderly patients. An analysis of 6298 stent implantation patients from 2016 to 2018 was carried out retrospectively.

A novel GJA5 variant associated with increased risk of essential hypertension.

Objectives: Gap junction protein alpha 5 (GJA5), also termed connexin 40 (Cx40), exerts a pivotal role in the mediation of vascular wall tone and two closely-linked polymorphisms in the promoter (-44G>A and +71A>G) have been associated with enhanced susceptibility to essential hypertension (EH) in men. The present investigation aimed to ascertain whether a novel common polymorphism within the upstream regulatory region of (transcript 1B), -26A>G (rs10465885), confers an increased risk of EH.

Methods: For this investigation, 380 unrelated patients with EH and 396 unrelated normotensive individuals employed as control persons were enrolled from the Chinese Han-ethnicity population, and their genotypes and plasma renin concentrations were determined by Sanger sequencing and an automated chemiluminescent immunoassay, respectively.

Comprehensive analysis of tropical rooftop PV project: A case study in nanning.

Solar photovoltaic (PV) is favored by the market because of its clean and renewable characteristics. There are abundant solar resources in the tropical regions of China. It is important and necessary to carry out comprehensive analysis of rooftop PV projects for tropical regions for scientific policy-makings.

Construction of a prognostic model for radical esophagectomy based on immunohistochemical prognostic markers combined with clinicopathological factors.

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) has a poor prognosis and lacks effective biomarkers to evaluate prognosis and treatment. Glycoprotein nonmetastatic melanoma protein B (GPNMB) is a protein highly expressed in ESCC tissues screened by isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation proteomics, which has significant prognostic value in a variety of malignant tumors, but its relationship with ESCC remains unclear. By immunohistochemical staining of 266 ESCC samples, we analyzed the relationship between GPNMB and ESCC.