Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol
July 2024
Background: Aging is one of the most potent risk determinants for the onset of atrial fibrillation (AF). Sirts (sirtuins) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease, and their expression declines with aging. However, whether Sirts involved in age-related AF and its underlying mechanisms remain unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe co-administration of Chinese patent medicine with calcium channel blockers (CCBs) is a prevalent practice in China for treating essential hypertension (EH). However, robust evidence supporting the efficacy and safety of tailored combinations of different Chinese patent medicines with CCBs, according to individual patient conditions, is still limited. This study sought to elucidate the efficacy and safety of these combinations using a systematic review and network meta-analysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Lipid metabolism changes occur in early Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. Yet little is known about metabolic gene changes in early AD cortex.
Methods: The lipid metabolic genes selected from two datasets (GSE39420 and GSE118553) were analyzed with enrichment analysis.
Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia with severe clinical sequelae, but its genetic characteristic implicated in pathogenesis has not been completely clarified. Accumulating evidence has indicated that circulating exosomes and their carried cargoes, such as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), involve in the progress of multiple cardiovascular diseases. However, their potential role as clinical biomarkers in AF diagnosis and prognosis remains unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWith the increasing global prevalence of hypertension, a condition that can severely affect multiple organs, there is a growing need for effective treatment options. Uncaria rhynchophylla-Alisma plantago-aquatica L. (UR-AP) is a traditional drug pair used for treating hypertension based on the liver-kidney synergy concept.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: Management of chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) encompasses a broad spectrum of practices, posing considerable complexity and variability. While guidelines have been established to augment the management quality of CCS, notable disparities persist across their recommendations. This study strives to scrutinize, compare, and reconcile these guideline recommendations pertaining to the diagnosis, treatment, and management of CCS patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2), a nuclear transcription factor, modulates genes responsible for antioxidant responses against toxic and oxidative stress to maintain redox homeostasis and participates in varieties of cellular processes such as metabolism and inflammation during myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injuries (MIRI). The accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) from damaged mitochondria, xanthine oxidase, NADPH oxidases, and inflammation contributes to depraved myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injuries. Considering that Nrf2 played crucial roles in antagonizing oxidative stress, it is reasonable to delve into the up or down-regulated molecular mechanisms of Nrf2 in the progression of MIRI to provide the possibility of new therapeutic medicine targeting Nrf2 in cardiovascular diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: To quantify associations between various retinal microvascular changes and the risk of the development of coronary heart disease (CHD).
Methods: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for cohort studies on the association between retinal microvascular changes and incident CHD up to July 31, 2023. The summary risk estimates were estimated using the random-effects model.
Introduction: Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of autoimmune disease. Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are at high risk of developing atrial fibrillation (AF), while whether PCSK9 is involved in the onset of AF among RA patients remains unclear.
Objectives: To explore the role of PCSK9 in the occurrence of AF in RA patients and decipher the underlying mechanism.
Mixed-lineage leukemia 1 (MLL1) introduces 1-, 2- and 3-methylation into histone H3K4 through the evolutionarily conserved set domain. In this study, bovine embryonic stem cells (bESCs, known as bESCs-F7) were established from in vitro-fertilized (IVF) embryos via Wnt signaling inhibition; however, their contribution to the endoderm in vivo is limited. To improve the quality of bESCs, MM-102, an inhibitor of MLL1, was applied to the culture.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPollen hydration on dry stigmas is strictly regulated by pollen-stigma interactions in Brassicaceae. Although several related molecular events have been described, the molecular mechanism underlying pollen hydration remains elusive. Multiple B-class pollen coat proteins (PCP-Bs) are involved in pollen hydration.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The plant-specific valine-glutamine (VQ) motif containing proteins tightly regulate plant growth, development, and stress responses. However, the genome-wide identification and functional analysis of Brassica oleracea (B. oleracea) VQ genes have not been reported.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFerroptosis, a newly discovered form of regulated cell death dependent on iron and reactive oxygen species, is mainly characterized by mitochondrial shrinkage, increased density of bilayer membranes and the accumulation of lipid peroxidation, causing membrane lipid peroxidation and eventually cell death. Similar with the most forms of regulated cell death, ferroptosis also participated in the pathological metabolism of myocardial infarction and myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injuries, which are still the leading causes of death worldwide. Given the crucial roles ferroptosis played in cardiovascular diseases, such as myocardial infarction and myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injuries, it is considerable to delve into the molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis contributing to the progress of cardiovascular diseases, which might offer the potential role of ferroptosis as a targeted treatment for a wide range of cardiovascular diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA suitable microenvironment or niche is essential for self-renewal and pluripotency of stem cells cultured in vitro, including bovine embryonic stem cells (bESCs). Feeder cells participate in the construction of stem cell niche by secreting growth factors and extracellular matrix proteins. In this study, metabolomics and transcriptomics analyses were used to investigate the effects of low-density feeder cells on bESCs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res
December 2022
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most frequent cardiac arrhythmias, and atrial remodeling is related to the progression of AF. Although several therapeutic approaches have been presented in recent years, the continuously increasing mortality rate suggests that more advanced strategies for treatment are urgently needed. Exosomes regulate pathological processes through intercellular communication mediated by microribonucleic acid (miRNA) in various cardiovascular diseases (CVDs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Atrial fibrosis plays a critical role in the development of atrial fibrillation (AF). Exosomes are a promising cell-free therapeutic approach for the treatment of AF. The purposes of this study were to explore the mechanisms by which exosomes derived from atrial myocytes regulate atrial remodeling and to determine whether their manipulation facilitates the therapeutic modulation of potential fibrotic abnormalities during AF.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Cold exposure is one of the most important risk factors for atrial fibrillation (AF), and closely related to the poor prognosis of AF patients. However, the mechanisms underlying cold-related AF are poorly understood.
Methods: Various techniques including 16S rRNA gene sequencing, fecal microbiota transplantation, and electrophysiological examination were used to determine whether gut microbiota dysbiosis promotes cold-related AF.
The pluripotency maintenance of pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) requires the suitable microenvironment, which commonly provided by feeder layers. However, the preparation of feeder layers is time consuming and labor exhaustive, and the feeder cells treated with mitomycin C or γ-ray irradiation bring heterologous contamination. In this study, mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) were treated by methanol to generate chemical fixed feeder cells, and bovine embryonic stem cells F7 (bESC-F7) cultured on this feeder layer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCardiac fibrosis is a process characterized by extracellular matrix accumulation leading to myocardial dysfunction. Angiotensin II (Ang II) has been shown to play an important role in the pathogenesis of cardiac fibrosis. However, the underlying mechanisms are not well established.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSoluble receptor for advanced glycation end-products (sRAGE) was reported to inhibit cardiac apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway during myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Meanwhile, the proapoptotic protein Bcl2 and adenovirus E1B 19-kDa-interacting protein 3 (Bnip3) was reported to mediate mitochondrial depolarization and be activated by the Forkhead box protein O3 (FoxO3a). Therefore, it is supposed that FoxO3a-Bnip3 pathway might be involved in the inhibiting effects of sRAGE on mitochondrial apoptosis during I/R.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIncreasing clinical trials demonstrated that the discontinuation of aspirin while maintaining a P2Y inhibitor monotherapy could decrease the risk of bleeding without losing the antithrombotic effect. However, no data are available on the platelet reactivity of patients undergoing ticagrelor monotherapy vs. clopidogrel.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSoluble receptor for advanced glycation end-product (sRAGE) was reported to protect myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injuries via directly interacting with cardiomyocytes besides competing with RAGE for AGEs. However, the specific molecule for the interaction between sRAGE and cardiomyocytes are not clearly defined. Integrins which were reported to interact with RAGE on leukocytes were also expressed on myocardial cells, therefore it was supposed that sRAGE might interact with integrins on cardiomyocytes to protect hearts from ischemia/reperfusion injuries.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Aging plays a critical role in the genesis of atrial fibrillation (AF) and also changes the gut microbes. Whether the aging-associated gut dysbiosis contributes to the development of aging-related AF and whether the gut microbes can be a target to prevent aging-related AF remains unknown.
Methods And Results: 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed to reveal the changes of gut microbes in elderly patients with AF, and the result showed that the intestinal abundance of B.
Emerging evidence indicates that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) serve as a critical molecular regulator in various cardiovascular diseases. Here, we aimed to identify and functionally characterize lncRNAs as potential mediators in the development of thoracic aortic dissection (TAD). We identified that a novel lncRNA, lnc-C2orf63-4-1, was lowly expressed in aortic samples of TAD patients and angiotensin II (Ang II)-challenged vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), which was correlated with clinically aortic expansion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIschemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is an inevitable process when reperfusion therapy undergoes in acute myocardial infarction patients, which will lead to cardiac cell death. Many factors have been found to protect the myocardium, one of which was the soluble receptor for advanced glycation end-products (sRAGE) that protected the myocardium from apoptosis and autophagy. However, pyroptosis is also an important form of cell death that occurs during ischemia-reperfusion (I/R), whose critical molecule, NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3), was ever reported to be inhibited by sRAGE; therefore, it is hypothesized that sRAGE may decrease the cardiac pyroptosis induced by I/R.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF