Protein subunit vaccines form a key pipeline for developing novel tuberculosis (TB) vaccines. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) contains approximately 4000 individual proteins. However, only approximately 100 have been evaluated as antigens in the clinical and preclinical stages of vaccine development.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurite outgrowth is a critical step in neural development, leading to the generation of neurite branches that allow individual neurons to make contacts with multiple neurons within the target region. Polyglutamine-binding protein 1 (PQBP1) is a highly conserved protein with a key role in neural development. Our recent mass spectrometric analysis showed that PQBP1 associates with neural Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (N-WASP), an important actin polymerization-promoting factor involved in neurite outgrowth.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTrained immunity is one of the mechanisms by which BCG vaccination confers persistent nonspecific protection against diverse diseases. Genomic differences between the different BCG vaccine strains that are in global use could result in variable protection against tuberculosis and therapeutic effects on bladder cancer. In this study, we found that four representative BCG strains (BCG-Russia, BCG-Sweden, BCG-China, and BCG-Pasteur) covering all four genetic clusters differed in their ability to induce trained immunity and nonspecific protection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn this study, we investigated the effects of salinity on elemental sulfur-driven autotrophic denitrification (SAD) efficiency, and microbial communities. The results revealed that when the salinity was ≤6 g/L, the nitrate removal efficiency in SAD increased with the increasing salinity reaching 95.53% at 6 g/L salinity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study investigated the effect of different concentrations of Mn on the removal of nitrate by anaerobic sludge and changes in the microbial communities through batch experiments. The results showed that the addition of Mn promoted nitrate removal by anaerobic sludge; the nitrate was completely removed within 6 d in the treatment group with >5 mM Mn. With the increase in Mn, the concentration of nitrite and nitrous oxide increased in the first 4 d and then decreased to 0 μM after 8 d of incubation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGiven that the disease progression of tuberculosis (TB) is primarily related to the host's immune status, it has been gradually realized that chemotherapy that targets the bacteria may never, on its own, wholly eradicate Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of TB. The concept of host-directed therapy (HDT) with immune adjuvants has emerged. HDT could potentially interfere with infection and colonization by the pathogens, enhance the protective immune responses of hosts, suppress the overwhelming inflammatory responses, and help to attain a state of homeostasis that favors treatment efficacy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOne-quarter of the world's population is infected with (). After initial exposure, more immune-competent persons develop asymptomatic latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) but not active diseases, creates an extensive reservoir at risk of developing active tuberculosis. Previously, we constructed a novel recombinant Sendai virus (SeV)-vectored vaccine encoding two dominant antigens of , which elicited immune protection against acute infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPreterm birth is a public health priority worldwide, with approximately 15 million premature babies born each year. Oxygen supplementation is one of the most common interventions for preterm infants. However, prolonged oxygen inhalation at supraphysiological concentrations can lead to the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Total Environ
January 2024
Phosphorus (P) application can improve the availability of selenium (Se) in soil, which benefits the output of Se-rich agricultural products. However, the mechanism by which P affects the adsorption of Se in Se-rich soil is still unclear. Therefore, this study took Se-rich lateritic red soil as the research object and studied the adsorption behavior of P and Se in the soil through batch adsorption tests and soil characterization technology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe ammonium and nitrate removal performance and metabolic pathways of a biocontrol strain, Pseudomonas fluorescens 2P24, were investigated. Strain 2P24 could completely remove 100 mg/L ammonium and nitrate, with removal rates of 8.27 mg/L/h and 4.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFManganese (Mn(II)) pollution has recently increased and requires efficient remediation. In this study, QZB-1, isolated from acidic red soil, exhibited high tolerance against Mn(II) (up to 364 mM). Strain QZB-1 removed a total of 98.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFData on selenium (Se) transformation, specifically the mineralization or activation of Se bound by microorganisms in natural Se-enriched soil, is limited. Therefore, this study investigates the effects of microorganisms on Se availability of Se-enriched lateritic red soil and Se uptake by pak choi. Following the incubation of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia S1 and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi agent, the available Se content of soils increased from 35 to 66.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) has an important role in soil nitrogen retention and is considered to be constrained to anaerobic conditions. However, a recent study found that Y-9 is capable of DNRA under aerobic conditions. In this study, four species of spp.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Microbiol
October 2022
Microorganisms with high selenite-tolerant and efficient reduction ability of selenite have seldom been reported. In this study, a highly selenite-resistant strain (up to 500 mM), isolated from lateritic red soil, was identified as LAB-1. Remarkably, isolate LAB-1 reduced nearly 2 mM of selenite within 18 h with the production of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) at the beginning of the exponential phase.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe application of biosynthesized nano-selenium fertilizers to crops can improve their nutrient levels by increasing their selenium content. However, microorganisms with a high selenite tolerance and rapid reduction rate accompanied with the production of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) at the same time have seldom been reported. In this study, a bacterial strain showing high selenite resistance (up to 300 mM) was isolated from a lateritic red soil and identified as QZB-2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao
January 2022
Manganese is an element essential for living organisms. Development of industrial technologies and exploitation of mineral resources have led to the release of large amount of Mn(Ⅱ) into the environment, posing a serious threat to human health. Bioremediation can remove the Mn(Ⅱ) from the environment rapidly and effectively without generating secondary pollution, thus received increasing attention.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRealizing the smallest nitrogen loss is a challenge in the nitrate reduction process. Dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) and nitrate assimilation play crucial roles in nitrogen retention. In this study, the effects of the carbon source, C/N ratio, pH, and dissolved oxygen on the multiple nitrate reduction pathways conducted by Y-9 are explored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWhether there is a link between assisted reproductive technology (ART) and brain damage in premature infants remains unclear. The aim of this study was to determine whether premature infants conceived by ART are at a greater risk of developing white matter injury (WMI), as detected by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) within 14 days, than those naturally conceived (NC). A retrospective case-control study was conducted on singleton premature infants with a gestational age of ≥28 weeks and <34 weeks delivered between 2017 and 2019 at Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiphenanthrene compound, 4, 8, 4', 8'-tetramethoxy (1, 1'-biphenanthrene)-2, 7, 2', 7'-tetrol (LF05), recently isolated from fibrous roots of , exhibits antibacterial activity against several Gram-positive bacteria. In this study, we investigated the antibacterial properties, potential mode of action and cytotoxicity. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) tests showed LF05 was active against all tested Gram-positive strains, including methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and staphylococcal clinical isolates.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSheng Wu Yi Xue Gong Cheng Xue Za Zhi
December 2020
During the COVID-19 epidemic, our national guidelines have suggested that surgical patients should wear a mask to decrease the potential transmission of COVID-19 in the operating room, as long as the condition allows. However, so far, there is no study to discuss the influence of wearing a mask on the ventilation and blood oxygenation status in patients of spontaneous breathing with supplementary oxygen through an anesthetic facemask. This is a before-after study in the same patient, and 10 healthy volunteers were recruited, by testing the arterial blood gas parameters at key time points before and after oxygen inhalation to evaluate the effects of two different supplementary oxygen methods ('disposable medical mask + anesthetic facemask' and 'anesthetic facemask only') on the oxygenation of subjects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExtensive use of CuO nanoparticles (CuO-NPs ) inevitably leads to their accumulation in wastewater and toxicity to microorganisms that effectively treat nitrogen pollution. Due to the effects of different mediums, the sources of CuO-NPs-induced toxicity to microorganisms and methods to mitigating the toxicity are still unclear. In this study, CuO-NPs were found to impact the nitrate reduction of Y-11 mainly through the action of NPs themselves while inhibiting the ammonium transformation of strain Y-11 through releasing Cu.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe specific nitrate reduction pathway in Pseudomonas putida Y-9 under aerobic conditions was studied. Strain Y-9 removed 82% of the nitrate accompanied by an accumulation of ammonium and a decrease of total nitrogen. Ammonium inhibited nitrate transformation (removal efficiency was 22.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMost metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) can impact ammonium removal, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this study, high doses of NiO, CuO, ZnO and TiO (>1 mg/L) inhibited the ammonium removal performance of Pseudomonas putida Y-9. Interestingly, low levels of CuO NPs (0.
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