Flash Tempering of High-Strength, Low-Alloy Martensitic Steel via Electrical Pulsing Treatment.

Optimized heat treatment processes for high-strength, low-alloy steel are studied in order to maximize the strengthening effects of the alloying elements and achieve a favorable balance of strength and ductility. In this study, it is found that high-energy-density electric pulse treatment (EPT) can effectively reduce the residual stress in quenched high-strength, low-alloy steel. Furthermore, EPT promotes the precipitation of fine needle-like ε-carbides and small spherical MC carbides.

Three New Dipeptide and Two New Polyketide Derivatives from the Mangrove-Derived Fungus sp.: Antioxidant Activity of Two Isolated Substances.

Five new metabolites, including three cyclic dipeptide derivatives (-) and two new polyketides (-), together with nine known ones (- and -), were isolated from the mangrove-sediments-derived fungus sp. SCSIO 41431. Their structures were determined using detailed NMR, MS spectroscopic analyses, and quantum chemical calculations.

Coupling of state space modules and attention mechanisms: An input-aware multi-contrast MRI synthesis method.

Background: Medical imaging plays a pivotal role in the real-time monitoring of patients during the diagnostic and therapeutic processes. However, in clinical scenarios, the acquisition of multi-modal imaging protocols is often impeded by a number of factors, including time and economic costs, the cooperation willingness of patients, imaging quality, and even safety concerns.

Purpose: We proposed a learning-based medical image synthesis method to simplify the acquisition of multi-contrast MRI.

Serum autotaxin positively associates with hypertension in postmenopausal women: a single center study in China.

Aim: Autotaxin is an adipokine involved in metabolic disorders. The aim of the current study was to evaluate serum autotaxin levels in hypertensive postmenopausal women and establish a relationship between autotaxin and other comorbidities in this special group.

Methods: This single-center study included postmenopausal women who received annual health examinations at the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University in Zhejiang, China.

Talaketides A-G, linear polyketides with prostate cancer cytotoxic activity from the mangrove sediment-derived fungus Talaromyces sp. SCSIO 41027.

Seven novel linear polyketides, talaketides A-G (1-7), were isolated from the rice media cultures of the mangrove sediment-derived fungus Talaromyces sp. SCSIO 41027. Among these, talaketides A-E (1-5) represented unprecedented unsaturated linear polyketides with an epoxy ring structure.

A novel endoscopic artificial intelligence system to assist in the diagnosis of autoimmune gastritis: a multicenter study.

Background:  Autoimmune gastritis (AIG), distinct from Helicobacter pylori-associated atrophic gastritis (HpAG), is underdiagnosed due to limited awareness. This multicenter study aimed to develop a novel endoscopic artificial intelligence (AI) system for assisting in AIG diagnosis.

Methods:  Patients diagnosed with AIG, HpAG, or nonatrophic gastritis (NAG), were retrospectively enrolled from six centers.

Serum Autotaxin Level Positively Associates with Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease and Hyperuricemia in Postmenopausal Women.

Introduction: Autotaxin (ATX) is an adipokine known to affect energy metabolism and lipid homeostasis. We aimed to evaluate serum ATX levels in metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and other metabolic disorders in postmenopausal women.

Methods: Postmenopausal women who received an annual health examination were included.

Antimicrobial Isochroman-Derived Atropo-Diastereomeric Dimers from Penicillium Steckii SCISO 41228.

A pair of unidentified atropo-diastereomeric dimers, penicisteckins G (1) and H (2), and twelve known compounds (3-16) were isolated from the marine coral-derived fungus Penicillium steckii SCISO 41228. Their structures including the absolute configuration were determined by HR-ESI-MS, ECD, 1D-, and 2D-NMR spectra. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited moderate antibacterial activity against most tested pathogenic strains, especially for methicillin-resistant Staphyloccocus aureus (MASA) and Micrococcus luteus, with MIC values of 4.

New Sesquiterpenoids from the Mangrove-Derived Fungus sp. as Modulators of Nuclear Receptors.

Four new sesquiterpenoids, talaroterpenes A-D (-), were isolated from the mangrove-derived fungus sp. SCSIO 41412. The structures of compounds - were elucidated through comprehensive NMR and MS spectroscopic analyses.

Two C-Steroids and a New Isocoumarin Metabolite from Mangrove Sediment-Derived Fungus sp. SCSIO 41429.

Two new C-steroids derivatives, cyclocitrinoic acid A () and cyclocitrinoic acid B (), and a new isocoumarin metabolite, (3,4)-6,8-dihydroxy-3,4,5-trimethyl-7-carboxamidelisocoumarin (), together with 12 known compounds (-, -) were isolated from the mangrove-sediment fungus sp. SCSIO 41429. The structures of the new compounds were comprehensively characterized by 1D and 2D NMR, HRESIMS and ECD calculation.

New Bioactive Polyketides from the Mangrove-Derived Fungus sp. SCSIO 41411.

Three new polyketides, including three ester derivatives (, , and ) and a new natural product, which was a benzoquinone derivative, embelin A (), together with nine known ones ( and -), were isolated from the mangrove-derived fungus sp. SCSIO 41411. Their structures were determined by detailed NMR and MS spectroscopic analyses.

Magnetical scafford with ROS-scavenging for bone regeneration under static magnetic field.

Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) and bacterial infection significantly disrupt the microenvironment of tissue regeneration. Magnetic nanoparticles in combination with magnetic fields are emerging strategies to regulate tissue regeneration. In this work, ZnFeO (ZFO) nanoparticles were prepared and subsequently decorated with polydopamine (PDA) and RGD peptide.

One New Quinazoline-Containing Diketopiperazine Isolated from the Marine-Sponge-Derived Fungus Penicillium sp. SCSIO41043.

One new quinazoline-containing diketopiperazine (1), along with 24 known compounds including nine alkaloids (2-9, and 25), thirteen lactones (10-22), aspterric acid (23), and catechol (24), were isolated from the marine sponge-derived Penicillium sp. SCSIO41043. Their planar structures were unequivocally elucidated by spectroscopic analysis.

Discovery and Bioactivity Evaluation of Citrinin Derivatives from the Mangrove Sediment-Derived Fungus Talaromyces sp. SCSIO 41428.

A dimeric citrinin derivative with a unique spiro[chroman-2,3'-isochroman] skeleton, xerucitrinic acid C (1), and a new citrinin derivative, cladosporin E (6), along with ten known polyketides (2-5 and 7-12), were isolated from the mangrove sediment-derived fungus Talaromyces sp. SCSIO 41428. Their structures were elucidated through comprehensive spectral data analysis.

A new perspective on proteinuria and drug therapy for diabetic kidney disease.

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the leading causes of end-stage renal disease worldwide and significantly increases the risk of premature death due to cardiovascular diseases. Elevated urinary albumin levels are an important clinical feature of DKD. Effective control of albuminuria not only delays glomerular filtration rate decline but also markedly reduces cardiovascular disease risk and all-cause mortality.

Janus sponge/electrospun fibre composite combined with EGF/bFGF/CHX promotes reconstruction in oral tissue regeneration.

Guided bone regeneration (GBR) is currently the most widely used bone augmentation technique in oral clinics. However, infection and soft tissue management remain the greatest challenge. In this study, a Janus sponge/electrospun fibre membrane containing epidermal growth factor (EGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and chlorhexidine (CHX) were prepared to optimize its application as a barrier membrane for GBR.

Green synthesis of Fe and Zn-NPs, phytochemistry and pharmacological evaluation of Royle ex Benth.

This investigation portrays the phytochemical screening, green synthesis, characterization of Fe and Zn nanoparticles, their antibacterial, anti-inflammation, cytotoxicity, and anti-thrombolytic activities. Four dissimilar solvents such as, -hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and -butanol were used to prepare the extracts of Royle ex Benth. This is valued medicinal plant (Family Lamiaceae), native to mountains of Afghanistan and Kashmir.

A novel marine-derived anti-acute kidney injury agent targeting peroxiredoxin 1 and its nanodelivery strategy based on ADME optimization.

Insufficient therapeutic strategies for acute kidney injury (AKI) necessitate precision therapy targeting its pathogenesis. This study reveals the new mechanism of the marine-derived anti-AKI agent, piericidin glycoside S14, targeting peroxiredoxin 1 (PRDX1). By binding to Cys83 of PRDX1 and augmenting its peroxidase activity, S14 alleviates kidney injury efficiently in -overexpression (-OE) mice.

Proton Collective Quantum Tunneling Induces Anomalous Thermal Conductivity of Ice under Pressure.

Proton tunneling is believed to be nonlocal in ice, but its range has been shown to be limited to only a few molecules. Here, we measured the thermal conductivity of ice under pressure up to 50 GPa and found it increases with pressure until 20 GPa but decreases at higher pressures. We attribute this nonmonotonic thermal conductivity to the collective tunneling of protons at high pressures, supported by large-scale quantum molecular dynamics simulations.

Discovery of Oxidized -Terphenyls as Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibitors from Marine-Derived Fungi.

Four new -terphenyl derivatives, talaroterphenyls A-D (-), together with three biosynthetically related known ones (-), were obtained from the mangrove sediment-derived sp. SCSIO 41412. Compounds - are rare -terphenyls, which are completely substituted on the central benzene ring by oxygen atoms; this is the first report of their isolation from natural sources.

Novel Metabolites from the Marine-Derived Fungus sp. SCSIO41203 Show Promising In Vitro Antitumor Activity as Methuosis Inducers in PC-3 Cells.

Two new cytochalasin derivatives, peniotrinins A () and B (), three new citrinin derivatives, peniotrinins C-E (, , ), and one new tetramic acid derivative, peniotrinin F (), along with nine structurally related known compounds, were isolated from the solid culture of sp. SCSIO41203. Their structures, including the absolute configurations of their stereogenic carbons, were fully elucidated based on spectroscopic analysis, quantum chemical calculations, and the calculated ECD.

Metabolism characterization and toxicity of N-hydap, a marine candidate drug for lung cancer therapy by LC-MS method.

N-Hydroxyapiosporamide (N-hydap), a marine product derived from a sponge-associated fungus, has shown promising inhibitory effects on small cell lung cancer (SCLC). However, there is limited understanding of its metabolic pathways and characteristics. This study explored the in vitro metabolic profiles of N-hydap in human recombinant cytochrome P450s (CYPs) and UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs), as well as human/rat/mice microsomes, and also the pharmacokinetic properties by HPLC-MS/MS.