Retrospective genomic analysis of the first Lumpy skin disease virus outbreak in China (2019).

Lumpy skin disease caused by Lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) is a severe systemic disease affecting cattle and other ruminants. Lumpy skin disease was first reported in northwest China in August 2019 and has severely threatened the cattle breeding industry in China. However, there have been limited genomic studies of LSDV from the first outbreak and its subsequent epidemics.

Prevalence of Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) in Feral and Farmed Wild Boars in Xinjiang, Northwest China.

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) causes infections in humans and a wide range of animal hosts. Wild boar is an important natural reservoir of HEV genotypes 3−6 (HEV-3−HEV-6), but comparative analysis of HEV infections in both feral and farmed wild boars remains limited. In this study, samples from 599 wild boars were collected during 2017−2020, including 121 feral wild boars (collected 121 fecal, 121 serum, and 89 liver samples) and 478 farmed wild boars (collected 478 fecal and 478 serum samples).

The First Genomic Analysis of Visna/Maedi Virus Isolates in China.

Visna/Maedi virus (VMV) is a neglected pathogen that damages sheep and goats' nervous and respiratory systems. The virus was discovered 80 years ago and has been endemic in China for nearly four decades; nevertheless, there is little information regarding Chinese isolates' genotypes and genomic characteristics. In this study, the proviral DNA of strains isolated in 1985 and 1994 were extracted, and the proviral DNA was subjected to Illumina sequencing combined with Sanger sequencing of poor coverage regions.

[Effects of Stalk Incorporation on Soil Carbon Sequestration, Nitrous Oxide Emissions, and Global Warming Potential of a Winter Wheat-Summer Maize Field in Guanzhong Plain].

The net greenhouse gas emissions from upland soils, as indicated by global warming potential (GWP), mainly depend on the soil carbon sequestration and nitrous oxide (NO) emissions. The annual changes in surface (0-20 cm) soil organic carbon (SOC) content from 2010 to 2017 and the NO emissions from 2014 to 2017 were measured within a long-term fertilization experiment. The objective was to quantify the effect of stalk incorporation on the soil carbon sequestration, annual NO emissions, and GWP of a winter wheat-summer maize field in the Guanzhong Plain.

Bipolar electrode ratiometric electrochemiluminescence biosensing analysis based on boron nitride quantum dots and biological release system.

In this article, we developed a novel ECL ratiometry on a closed bipolar electrode (BPE) for the sensitively and accurately detection of miRNA-21. High quantum yield and low toxicity BNQDs was synthesized and coated at BPE cathode as an ECL emitter, while the anode of BPE was calibrated via another ECL material, Ir(df-ppy)(pic) (Firpic). The electron neutrality at both ends of the BPE electrically coupled the reactions on each pole of the BPE.

Seroprevalence of Five Zoonotic Pathogens in Wild Ruminants in Xinjiang, Northwest China.

Wild ruminants are at risk for zoonotic pathogen infection as a result of interactions with domestic animals and humans. One way to assess the level of a wild ruminant disease in a population is to determine the seroprevalence of the pathogen of interest. The objective of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of five zoonotic pathogens in wild ruminants in Xinjiang, Northwest China.

[Stability of biochar and the mechanisms underlying its response to mineral modification: A review.].

Biochar, with high degree of carbon stability, is considered as a kind of carbon sequestration material that can effectively alleviate the greenhouse effect. It is of great significance for carbon sequestration and mitigation to develop biochar with high carbon retention and stability. Mineral modification can regulate the stability of biochar.

[Effect of Organic Manure Substitution of Synthetic Nitrogen on Crop Yield and NO Emission in the Winter Wheat-Summer Maize Rotation System].

Controlling agricultural greenhouse gas emissions, such as NO, is important in mitigating global climate warming. Through monitoring the dynamics of NO emission fluxes, we investigated the effect of organic nitrogen (N) substitution of synthetic N on NO emissions and the yield of winter wheat and summer maize in the Guanzhong Plain of Shaanxi Province, China. The study involved six treatments, consisting of no fertilizer (CK), synthetic N, phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) fertilizers alone (NPK), 75% NPK+25% organic N through manure (25%M), 50% NPK+50% organic N (50%M), 25% NPK+75% organic N (75%M), 100% organic N (100%M).

[Effect of Long-term Organic Amendments on Nitric Oxide Emissions from the Summer Maize-Winter Wheat Cropping System in Guanzhong Plain].

Agricultural soil is a significant source of nitric oxide (NO). The primary aim of this study was to quantify the effect of long-term organic amendments on NO emissions from the summer maize-winter wheat cropping system in Guanzhong Plain. NO fluxes were regularly measured by the static chamber method for one year (June 2016 to June 2017).

[Effects of Long-term Organic Amendments on Soil N O Emissions from Winter Wheat-maize Cropping Systems in the Guanzhong Plain].

The primary aim of this study was to quantify the effects of long-term organic amendments on soil nitrous oxide (NO) emissions. Using static chamber-gas chromatograph technique, we measured NO fluxes from winter wheat-maize rotation system and related environmental factors in the Guanzhong Plain for one year (October 2014 to October 2015). Field experiments were based on the "Chinese National Loess Fertility and Fertilizer Effects Long-term Monitoring Experiment".

Serological survey of avian influenza virus infection in non-avian wildlife in Xinjiang, China.

We conducted a serological survey to detect antibodies against avian influenza virus (AIV) in Gazella subgutturosa, Canis lupus, Capreolus pygargus, Sus scrofa, Cervus elaphus, Capra ibex, Ovis ammon, Bos grunniens and Pseudois nayaur in Xinjiang, China. Two hundred forty-six sera collected from 2009 to 2013 were assayed for antibodies against H5, H7 and H9 AIVs using hemagglutination inhibition (HI) tests and a pan-influenza competitive ELISA. Across all tested wildlife species, 4.

[Temporal-spatial difference of ecotoxicity and heavy metals pollution in Shima catchment, Dongguan].

Shima River, a tributary of Dongjiang River, located in Dongguan City of Guangdong Province, has been seriously polluted in the last 30 years. Water samples were collected from the river and the aquifer and the soil samples were collected as well in the wet (June) and dry (February) season to investigate the temporal and spatial variations of water quality in terms of heavy metal concentrations and inhibition rate of the luminescent bacterium (Vibrio fischeri, LUMIStox 300). Heavy metal concentrations and inhibition rate in river water were found decreasing from the upstream to the downstream, with metal concentrations exceeding the national surface water quality standard (Class I) for all samples and a highest inhibition of 38.

[Phosphorus use efficiency of wheat on three typical farmland soils under long-term fertilization].

Field experiments were conducted on three typical farmland soils (loess soil, fluvo-aquic soil, and cinnamon fluvo-aquic soil) in Northern China to study the grain yield, phosphorus agronomic efficiency (PAE), and phosphorus use efficiency (PUE) of wheat under effects of long-term fertilizations. Seven treatments were installed, i.e.

[Effects of fertilization on carbon/nitrogen ratio of maize straw and its minereffects of fertilization on carbon/nitrogen ratio of maize straw and its mineralization in soil.alization in soil].

Maize straws were collected from different treatments of two long-term fertilization studies, their carbon (C)/nitrogen (N) ratios were determined, and their C and N mineralization rates in soil were compared in an aerobic incubation test. The results showed that comparing with no fertilization, applying chemical fertilizers (NPK) or chemical fertilizers plus manure (MNPK) increased the N content and decreased the C/N ratio of maize straw. The amounts of mineralized and immobilized C and N of the straws from different fertilization treatments differed with incubation time.

[Effects of long-term fertilization and fallowing on soil nitrogen mineralization and exogenous NO3(-) -N transformation].

Soil samples were collected from a 17-year fertilization experiment site in southern Loess Plateau to study the effects of different fertilizations and fallowing on the characteristics of soil nitrogen mineralization, and the transformation of exogenous NO3(-) -N in sterilized and non-sterilized soil samples. The results showed that a combined application of manure and chemical NPK and long-term fallowing increased the contents of soil organic matter, total N, and mineralized N, as well as the N mineralization rate significantly, compared with the control. Applying chemical NPK increased soil inorganic N content, but had less effects on the contents of soil organic matter, total N and mineralized N, as well as the N mineralization rate.

[Weed biodiversity in winter wheat field of loess soil under different fertilization regimes].

Employing an inverted 'W' investigation procedure with 9 sampling locations and adopting a biodiversity analysis approach integrated with typical statistic method, this paper studied the effects of different long-term stationary fertilization regimes on the weed biodiversity in winter wheat fields on loess soil. The results showed that in the experimental plots, there were 16 weed species belonging to 10 family and 16 genera, occupying about 34% of the total number of weed species in winter wheat fields in Shaanxi Province. The weed biodiversity was decreased with the improvement of soil nutrient status.

Bis(4'-chloro-2,2':6',2''-terpyridine-κN,N',N'')iron(II) dinitrate dihydrate.

The title complex, [Fe(C(15)H(10)ClN(3))(2)](NO(3))(2)·2H(2)O, has a six-coordinate iron(II) center balanced by two nitrate anions. The Fe atom lies on a twofold rotation axis. The complex exhibits an octa-hedral coordination configuration, where the dihedral angle between the two planar tridentate ligands is 92.