Three-Component Sulfonylation and Heteroannulation Enabled by 3-Fold Defluorofunctionalization of Trifluoromethyl Enones.

Trifluoromethyl enone emerges as a versatile and multifaceted building block in organic synthesis. A defluorinative heterocyclization reaction of readily available β,β-ditrifluoromethylated enones and biocompatible sodium sulfinates has been developed for the modular synthesis of densely functionalized furans with regio-defined 2,4-bissulfonyl and 3-trifluoromethyl substitutions. This three-component method proceeds through a sequential sulfonylation and intramolecular -cyclization, enabling the assembly of one furan ring, the formation of C-SO/C-O bonds, and the cleavage of three C(sp)-F bonds in a one-pot manner under transition metal-free conditions.

Modular Synthesis of Furans with Four Nonidentical Substituents by Aqueous Defluorinative Reaction of Trifluoromethyl Enones with Two Nucleophiles.

A three-component reaction of trifluoromethyl enones, phosphine oxides, and alcohols in water solution is developed. This defluorinative reaction occurs through a cascade process involving defluorophosphorylation, defluoroalkyloxylation, and defluoroheteroannulation, enabling the modular synthesis of furans with four distinct substituents: 2-alkyloxy, 3-trifluoromethyl, 4-phosphoryl, and 5-(hetero)aryl groups. Moreover, apart from alcohol substrates, the scope of nucleophiles could be further extended to phenols, azacycles, or sulfonamide.

Chemo-, regio-, and stereoselective tetrafunctionalization of fluoroalkynes enables divergent synthesis of 5-7-membered azacycles.

Alkyne annulation has been widely used in organic synthesis for the construction of azacycles with unique structural and physicochemical properties. However, the analogous transformation of fluoroalkynes remains a challenge and has seen limited progress. Herein we report a 1,2,3,4-tetrafunctionalization of polyfluoroalkynes for the divergent construction of 5-7-membered ()-1,2-difluorovinyl azacycles.

Hydroxylation of Aryl Sulfonium Salts for Phenol Synthesis under Mild Reaction Conditions.

Hydroxylation of aryl sulfonium salts could be realized by utilizing acetohydroxamic acid and oxime as hydroxylative agents in the presence of cesium carbonate as a base, leading to a variety of structurally diverse hydroxylated arenes in 47-95% yields. In addition, the reaction exhibited broad functionality tolerance, and a range of important functional groups (e.g.

Efficacy of two opportunistic methods for screening osteoporosis in lumbar spine surgery patients.

Purpose: Hounsfield unit (HU) measurements and vertebral bone quality (VBQ) scores are opportunistic screening methods for evaluating bone quality. Since studies comparing the efficacies of the two methods are rare, this retrospective study aimed to examine the efficacy of VBQ scores compared with that of HU measurements for diagnosing osteoporosis in lumbar spine surgery patients.

Methods: We selected patients who had undergone spinal surgery between January 2020 and May 2022 from our database.

schischkin and bunge promote angiogenesis to treat myocardial ischemia Ang-1/Tie-2/FAK pathway.

Schischkin and Bunge (AS) have been clinically used as adjunctive drugs in the treatment of myocardial ischemia (MI). However, the effect and mechanism of AS on MI have yet to be fully recognized. Here, we explored the cardioprotective effect of their combined use, and the mechanism of promoting angiogenesis through pericyte recruitment.

[Long-term Succession Patterns and Driving Factors of Water Quality in a Flood-pulse System Lake: A Case Study of Lake Luoma, Jiangsu Province].

Lake Luoma is an important storage lake for the Eastern route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project (NSBD), which has many functions including flood control and irrigation, drinking water supply, and ecological maintenance. In order to understand the succession patterns and driving factors of water quality in Lake Luoma, we used monthly monitoring data from 2009 to 2020 in combination with historical data from 1996 to 2008. The long-term succession patterns, seasonal dynamics, and spatial patterns of total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), permanganate index, and ammonia nitrogen (NH-N) were examined, and the influence of meteorological and hydrological factors on water quality was explored through correlation analyses and generalized additive models.

GPR97 deficiency ameliorates renal interstitial fibrosis in mouse hypertensive nephropathy.

Hypertensive nephropathy (HTN) ranks as the second-leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Accumulating evidence suggests that persistent hypertension injures tubular cells, leading to tubulointerstitial fibrosis (TIF), which is involved in the pathogenesis of HTN. G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are implicated in many important pathological and physiological processes and act as important drug targets.

CTHRC1 expressed in periodontitis and human periodontal fibroblasts exposed to inflammatory stimuli.

Objectives: Collagen triple helix repeat containing-1 (CTHRC1) is a glycoprotein that can be secreted extracellularly and is involved in the regulation of collagen matrix in a variety of diseases. The expression level of CTHRC1 in periodontitis was detected in this study.

Materials And Methods: The gingival tissues from clinically healthy subjects (15 cases) and those with periodontitis (30 cases) were taken for immunohistochemical staining.

Expressions of Interleukin-27 in Oral Lichen Planus, Oral Leukoplakia, and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

The present study aimed to detect the expression of interleukin-27 (IL-27) in tissues of oral lichen planus (OLP), oral leukoplakia (OLK), and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and to investigate the possible role of IL-27 in the above diseases and whether it was involved in the onset and development of the tumor. Paraffin tissues from patients with OLP, OLK, and OSCC were collected, and the expression of IL-27 in the above tissues was detected by immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. Parameters were obtained from the images by the Image-Pro Plus (IPP) image analysis software, and statistical analysis was performed using relevant data.

Serum Anti-14-3-3 Zeta Autoantibody as a Biomarker for Predicting Hepatocarcinogenesis.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignancy worldwide. Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is still the only serum biomarker widely used in clinical settings. However, approximately 40% of HCC patients exhibit normal AFP levels, including very early HCC and AFP-negative HCC; for these patients, serum AFP is not applicable as a biomarker of early detection.

Sorafenib suppresses proliferation rate of fibroblast-like synoviocytes through the arrest of cell cycle in experimental adjuvant arthritis.

Objectives: Rheumatoid arthritis, a recurrent incendiary autoimmune joint syndrome, features by prominent synovial hyperplasia. Fibroblast-like synoviocytes are the executive components in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. It is generally accepted that excessive proliferation and reduced apoptosis of fibroblast-like synoviocytes lead to synovial hyperplasia.

Scar-reducing effects of gambogenic acid on skin wounds in rabbit ears.

Hypertrophic scar (HS) is a dermal fibroproliferative disease that often occurs following abnormal wound healing. To date, there is no satisfied treatment strategies for improvement of scar formation with few side effects. The effects of gambogenic acid (GNA) on scar hypertrophy has not been studied previously.

Effects of sorafenib on fibroblast-like synoviocyte apoptosis in rats with adjuvant arthritis.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that is characterized by synovial inflammation and hyperplasia resulting from an imbalance between the proliferation and apoptosis of fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs). Our previous study found that sorafenib had inhibitory effects in rats with adjuvant arthritis (AA). The present study investigated the role of sorafenib in the induction of AA FLS apoptosis in vitro.

Antiarthritic Effects of Sorafenib in Rats with Adjuvant-Induced Arthritis.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the synovial membrane of joints. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether sorafenib exerts antiarthritic effects on RA in vivo. Adjuvant arthritis (AA) was induced (day 0) in male Sprague-Dawley rats by intradermal injection of 0.

Teaching practice and experiences of verifying the three laws of genetics based on the SSLP marker analysis.

We explored the practical effect of the genetic analysis of simple sequence length polymorphism (SSLP) molecular markers in rice in the genetics lab course. Two parents and their F population were analyzed and detected with three SSLP molecular markers that located on two chromosomes of the rice genome. The markers' genotype data were used to verify the three laws of genetics, including segregation, independent assortment and linkage and crossing-over.

Effect of recombinant human endostatin on hypertrophic scar fibroblast apoptosis in a rabbit ear model.

Hypertrophic scar (HS) is a dermal fibroproliferative disorder characterized by the excessive proliferation of fibroblasts and is thought to result from a cellular imbalance caused by the increased growth and reduced apoptosis of hypertrophic scar fibroblasts (HSFs). Our recent study demonstrated that recombinant human endostatin (rhEndostatin) plays a key role in the inhibition of HSF proliferation in vitro, with a resulting decrease in dermal thickness and scar hypertrophy. However, the effect of this protein on HSF apoptosis is unknown.

Segmental Latissimus Dorsi Free Flap Attempting to Preserve Function at the Donor Site: Anatomical and Clinical Experiences.

 The purpose of the present study was to evaluate arm and shoulder function prospectively after transfer of the lateral segment of the latissimus dorsi (LD) muscle.  In this study, 20 specimens of LD muscles from 10 cadavers were dissected to determine the relationship between the artery and the nerve. Twenty patients were recruited and functional disability was determined by the Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH), and muscle strength by needle electromyography (EMG) before surgery and at five different time points postoperatively.

Inhibitory effect of recombinant human endostatin on the proliferation of hypertrophic scar fibroblasts in a rabbit ear model.

Hypertrophic scar (HS) is a pathological scar that particularly occurs after traumatic injuries, surgical procedures and burning. Abnormal activation of hypertrophic scar fibroblasts (HSFs) intensifies fibrosis during wound healing. Our previous studies demonstrated that recombinant human endostatin (rhEndostatin) prevented synovial thickening in adjuvant arthritis (AA) rats via inhibition of proliferation and enhancement of apoptosis in synovial fibroblasts.

SRC2-1 is required in PcINF1-induced pepper immunity by acting as an interacting partner of PcINF1.

Elicitins are elicitors that can trigger hypersensitive cell death in most Nicotiana spp., but their underlying molecular mechanism is not well understood. The gene Phytophthora capsici INF1 (PcINF1) coding for an elicitin from P.

Anti-proliferative effect of recombinant human endostatin on synovial fibroblasts in rats with adjuvant arthritis.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by pronounced synovial hyperplasia resulting in pannus formation, cartilage erosion and ultimately joint destruction. Activated RA synovial fibroblasts (SFs) mediate the invasion and destruction of cartilage and bone. We previously demonstrated that recombinant human endostatin (rhEndostatin) is sufficient to induce SF apoptosis in adjuvant arthritis (AA) rats.

Two three-dimensional networks in two polymorphs of biphenyl-4,4'-diaminium bis(3-carboxy-4-hydroxybenzenesulfonate) dihydrate.

Two polymorphs of biphenyl-4,4'-diaminium bis(3-carboxy-4-hydroxybenzenesulfonate) dihydrate, C(12)H(14)N(2)(2+)·2C(7)H(5)O(6)S(-)·2H(2)O, have been obtained and crystallographically characterized. Polymorph (I) crystallizes in the space group P2(1)/c with Z' = 2 and polymorph (II) in the space group P-1 with Z' = 0.5.

Mechanism of fibroblast-like synoviocyte apoptosis induced by recombinant human endostatin in rats with adjuvant arthritis.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by pronounced synovial hyperplasia, in which there may be an imbalance between the growth and death of fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS). The present study was undertaken to examine the effect of recombinant human endostatin (rhEndostatin) on FLS apoptosis in experimental RA. Adjuvant arthritis (AA) was induced in male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats.

2-Amino-pyrimidinium hydrogen chloranilate monohydrate.

In the title compound, C(4)H(6)N(3) (+)·C(6)HCl(2)O(4) (-)·H(2)O, anions, cations and water mol-ecules are linked by inter-molecular O-H⋯O, O-H⋯N and N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds into one-dimensional tapes along [111]. These tapes are further linked by weak Cl⋯Cl inter-actions [Cl⋯Cl = 3.394 (2) Å], forming sheets parallel to the (10) plane.

2,2'-(Imino-dimethyl-ene)dibenz-imid-azol-ium bis-(perchlorate) methanol solvate.

In the title compound, C(16)H(17)N(5) (2+)·2ClO(4) (-)·CH(3)OH, the dihedral angle between the two benzimidazolium ring systems is 34.6 (1)°. The anions and solvent mol-ecules are linked to the cation by N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds.