A Cascade Activation Probe with Double-Enhanced Near-Infrared Imaging for Monitoring Peroxynitrite Fluctuations in Vivo.

Monitoring peroxynitrite (ONOO) fluctuations is particularly important for assessing pathological progression and oxidative damage due to their crucial role in maintaining the redox balance of organisms. However, due to the lack of efficient tools for differentially monitoring ONOO fluctuations at different concentration ranges in vivo, the precise detection of endogenous ONOO fluctuations under pathological conditions in living systems remains challenging. Herein, we rationally designed a double-enhanced emission cascade activatable near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probe () for the measurement of ONOO, which consists of a borate ester response group and a malononitrile hemicyanine fluorophore.

[In vitro culture and identification of IL-1beta induced degeneration of cartilage cells in New Zealand white rabbits knee joint].

Objective: To explore and identify the method for IL-1beta induced New Zealand rabbit knee chondrocyte degeneration, thus providing experimental bases for Chinese medical research on osteoarthritis from in vitro cultured chondrocytes.

Methods: Under aseptic conditions, bilateral knee joint cartilage was collected from 4-week old New Zealand rabbits. Chondrocytes were separated by type II collagenase digestion and mechanical blowing method.

Zhuanggu Jianxi Decoction () limits interleukin-1 β-induced degeneration chondrocytes via the caveolin-p38 MAPK signal pathway.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of Zhuanggu Jianxi Decoction (, ZGJXD) on interleukin-1 β (IL-1 β)-induced degeneration of chondrocytes (CDs) as well as the activation of caveolin-p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signal pathway, investigating the possible molecular mechanism that ZGJXD treats osteoarthritis.

Methods: Serum pharmacology was applied in the present study, where ZGJXD was orally administrated to New Zealand rabbits and then ZGJXD containing serum (ZGJXD-S) was collected for following in vitro experiments. CDs were isolated aseptically from New Zealand rabbits and then cultured in vitro.