Ultrawide Spectrum Metallic Plane Blackbody with Extremely High Absorption from 0.2 to 25 µm.

A plane blackbody serves as a standard radiation source, providing a precise quantitative relationship between input radiation and the output of infrared detectors, which is essential component of space infrared remote sensing instruments. However, current plane blackbodies fabricated by coating or surface structuring are unable to achieve uniform and stable high absorption in the ultrawide spectral range spanning the UV-VIS-NIR-MIR. Here, a femtosecond laser "V"- scanning method is proposed for the fabrication of cross-scale multi-layered micro- and nanocomposite structures on copper surfaces to realize ultrawide spectrum metallic plane blackbody with high absorption.

Editorial for the Topic on Advanced Laser Fabrication Technologies for Cross-Field Applications.

The field of laser fabrication technologies has seen remarkable advancements in recent years [...

Ultra-smooth processing of lithium niobate for outstanding mid-infrared transmittance.

The fabrication of anti-reflection (AR) subwavelength structures (SWSs) of lithium niobate (LN) is a challenging but rewarding task in mid-infrared LN laser systems. However, there are still some issues with the high-quality processing and fabrication of bifacial AR SWSs. Herein, a novel, to the best of our knowledge, approach to the fabrication of SWSs was proposed, which includes femtosecond laser ablation followed by wet etching and thermal annealing.

PV and SST neurons in the anterior cingulate cortex regulate social disorders in adulthood induced by sensory abnormalities in childhood.

Objective: Childhood sensory abnormalities experience has a crucial influence on the structure and function of the adult brain. The underlying mechanism of neurological function induced by childhood sensory abnormalities experience is still unclear. Our study was to investigate whether the GABAergic neurons in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) regulate social disorders caused by childhood sensory abnormalities experience.

Secular trends in the prevalence of meeting 24-hour movement guidelines among U.S. adolescents: evidence from NHANES 2007-2016.

Background: The 24-Hour Movement Guidelines (24-HMG) recommend a balanced combination of physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior (SB) and sleep (SLP) for optimal health. However, there is limited understanding of how well U.S.

Arbitrary fabrication of complex lithium niobate three-dimensional microstructures for second harmonic generation enhancement.

Lithium niobate (LN) crystal plays important roles in future integrated photonics, but it is still a great challenge to efficiently fabricate three-dimensional micro-/nanostructures on it. Here, a femtosecond laser direct writing-assisted liquid back-etching technology (FsLDW-LBE) is proposed to achieve the three-dimensional (3D) microfabrication of lithium niobate (LN) with high surface quality (Ra = 0.422 nm).

Reconfigurable Microlens Array Enables Tunable Imaging Based on Shape Memory Polymers.

Microlens arrays (MLAs) with a tunable imaging ability are core components of advanced micro-optical systems. Nevertheless, tunable MLAs generally suffer from high power consumption, an undeformable rigid body, large and complex systems, or limited focal length tunability. The combination of reconfigurable smart materials with MLAs may lead to distinct advantages including programmable deformation, remote manipulation, and multimodal tunability.

Decreased NSD2 impairs stromal cell proliferation in human endometrium via reprogramming H3K36me2.

In Brief: The proliferation of the endometrium is regulated by histone methylation. This study shows that decreased NSD2 impairs proliferative-phase endometrial stromal cell proliferation in patients with recurrent implantation failure via epigenetic reprogramming of H3K36me2 methylation on the promoter region of MCM7.

Abstract: Recurrent implantation failure (RIF) is a formidable challenge in assisted reproductive technology because of its unclear molecular mechanism.

Construction of Ag-TiO Hierarchical Micro-/Nanostructures on a Ti Plate for Photocatalysts via Femtosecond Laser Hybrid Technology.

Titanium dioxide photocatalysts can break down pollutants using natural light. They possess notable light stability, chemical stability, and catalytic effects, thus leading to extensive research worldwide. However, the limited light absorption range of titanium dioxide and their inefficiencies in generating and transporting photogenerated carriers hinder the enhancement of their photocatalytic performance.

Complete composition analysis of polysaccharides based on HPAEC-PAD coupled with quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker.

Introduction: Monosaccharide compositions analysis (MCA) is indispensable for structural characterisations and structure-activity relationships of plant polysaccharides.

Objectives: To develop a concise and direct MCA method, we established a quantitative analysis of the multi-monosaccharaides by single marker (QAMS) by high-performance anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed-amperometric detection (HPAEC-PAD) method.

Methodology: A stable and reproducible HPAEC-PAD method for simultaneous determination of aldoses, ketoses and uronic acids (i.

Integration of cross-scale milli/microlenses by ion beam etching and femtosecond laser modification.

Integrated cross-scale milli/microlenses offer irreplaceable functions in modern integrated optics with the advantage of reducing the size of the optical system to millimeters or microns. However, the technologies for fabricating millimeter-scale lenses and microlenses are always incompatible, which makes the successful fabrication of cross-scale milli/microlenses with a controlled morphology challenging. Here, ion beam etching is proposed as a means to fabricate smooth millimeter-scale lenses on various hard materials.

Microwave assisted free radical degradation of Schisandra polysaccharides: Optimization, identification and application.

In order to establish structural-fingerprinting of polysaccharides for improvement of quality assessment, a sample preparation method based on microwave assisted free radical degradation (MFRD) of plant polysaccharides was proposed to produce oligosaccharides and small M polysaccharides. As a case study of Schisandra chinensis and S. sphenanthera fruit polysaccharides (SCP and SSP), the MFRD condition (i.

Wafer-scale high aspect-ratio sapphire periodic nanostructures fabricated by self-modulated femtosecond laser hybrid technology.

Sapphire nanostructures with a high aspect-ratio have broad applications in photoelectronic devices, which are difficult to be fabricated due to the properties of high transparency and hardness, remarkable thermal and chemical stability. Although the phenomenon of laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) provides an extraordinary idea for surface nanotexturing, it suffers from the limitation of the small depth of the nanostructures. Here, a high-efficiency self-modulated femtosecond laser hybrid technology was proposed to fabricate nanostructures with high aspect-ratios on the sapphire surface, which was combined backside laser modification and subsequent wet etching.

Early pregnancy exposure to beta-cypermethrin compromises endometrial decidualisation in mice via downregulation of cyclin D3, CDK4/6, and p21.

Beta-cypermethrin (β-CYP) is a highly effective broad-spectrum insecticide that can potentially affect female reproduction. However, little is known about the effect of β-CYP on uterine decidualisation, which is a vital process by which the uterus provides a suitable microenvironment for pregnancy maintenance. Therefore, we focused on the effect and mechanism of β-CYP on endometrial decidualisation during early pregnancy in mice.

Acbp is essential for decidualization during early pregnancy in mice.

Decidualization of uterine stromal cells plays an important role in the establishment of normal pregnancy. Previous studies have demonstrated that Acyl-CoA binding protein (Acbp) is critical to cellular proliferation, differentiation, mitochondrial functions, and autophagy. The characterization and physiological function of Acbp during decidualization remain largely unknown.

TCF3 regulates human endometrial stromal cell proliferation and migration in RPL.

Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is a multifactorial condition with no explanation of miscarriage in approximately half of the RPL patients, consequently leaving deep physical and emotional sequels. Transcription factor 3 (TCF3 or E2A), is a unique member of the LEF/TCF family and plays an important role in embryogenesis. However, its function in RPL is poorly understood.

Integration of Multifocal Microlens Array on Silicon Microcantilever via Femtosecond-Laser-Assisted Etching Technology.

Micro-opto-electromechanical systems (MOEMSs) are a new class of integrated and miniaturized optical systems that have significant applications in modern optics. However, the integration of micro-optical elements with complex morphologies on existing micro-electromechanical systems is difficult. Herein, we propose a femtosecond-laser-assisted dry etching technology to realize the fabrication of silicon microlenses.

Smart Diffraction Gratings Based on the Shape Memory Effect.

The shape memory effect is the capability of a structure or a material that can be deformed into a certain temporary shape under external stimulus, and the shape will be fixed without the stimulus. The recovery process can be triggered by the same stimulus. The intelligent tunable device based on the shape memory effect has a wide range of applications in many fields.

High-quality rapid laser drilling of transparent hard materials.

In this study, a hybrid method for high-quality rapid drilling of transparent hard materials which combines femtosecond laser (fs-laser) Bessel beam modifying materials and selective wet etching is presented. Using this method, micro-holes with no taper of different sizes (from 10 to 35 μm) and shapes (square, triangle, circular, and pentagram) are fabricated. Bessel beams of different lengths can be generated flexibly by loading different computer-generated holograms (CGHs) into the spatial light modulator (SLM) and the maximum length of light interacting with materials can reach 320 μm, leading to a reduction of the laser scanning time by two orders of magnitude.

Rapid Fabrication of Smooth Micro-Optical Components on Glass by Etching-Assisted Femtosecond Laser Modification.

Femtosecond laser (fs-laser) is unfavorable in applications for the fabrication of micro-optical devices on hard materials owing to the problems of low fabrication efficiency and high surface roughness. Herein, a hybrid method combining fs-laser scanning, subsequent etching, and annealing was proposed to realize micro-optical devices with low roughness on glass. Compared to traditional laser ablation, the fabrication efficiency in this work was improved by one order of magnitude, and the surface roughness was decreased to 15 nm.

[Application of environmental DNA technology in natural reproduction of the four major Chinese carps in Yichang section of Yangtzi River, China].

We explored the sample collection and DNA extraction method of environmental DNA (eDNA) technique. Droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) was used to detect the eDNA concentration of the four major Chinese carps in different water layers and different cross-sections of Yichang section of Yangtze River trunk stream. We analyzed the relationship between eDNA concentration and density of egg and fry, and explored the feasibility of using eDNA technique to monitor the natural reproduction of the four major Chinese carps.

Tailoring CO-Activated Ion Nanochannels Using Macrocyclic Pillararenes.

Gas-responsive nanochannels have great relevance for applications in many fields. Inspired by CO-sensitive ion channels, herein we present an approach for designing solid-state nanochannels that allow controlled regulation of ion transport in response to alternate CO/N stimuli. The pillar[5]arene () bearing diethylamine groups can convert into the water-soluble host , containing cationic tertiary ammonium salt groups after absorbing CO.

Vector scanning subtractive manufacturing technology for laser rapid fabrication.

Herein, a vector scanning subtractive manufacturing technology is proposed to rapidly fabricate smooth micro-optical components, which is based on the vector scanning method and wet etching. Compared with the raster scanning method, the vector scanning method increases processing efficiency by nearly two orders and mitigates a buildup of stress around the laser processed region, avoiding the generation of cracks. The Letter demonstrates the fabrication of three-dimensional (3D) micro-structures with various sizes and morphologies.

CLDN1 regulates trophoblast apoptosis and proliferation in preeclampsia.

Preeclampsia is a gestational hypertensive disease; however, preeclampsia remains poorly understood. Bioinformatics analysis was applied to find novel genes involved in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia and identified CLDN1 as one of the most differentially expressed genes when comparing patients with preeclampsia and healthy controls. The results of the qRT-PCR, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry experiments demonstrated that CLDN1 was significantly downregulated in the chorionic villi in samples from patients with preeclampsia.