Improved therapeutic index of the liposomal docetaxel-glutathione prepared by active click loading.

The clinical usage of docetaxel (DTX) is severely hindered by the dose-limiting neutropenia and peripheral neurotoxicity of polysorbate 80-solubilized DTX injection, and there are no alternative formulations until now. In this study, we developed a new liposomal formulation of DTX to reduce its toxicities, accompanying with the greatly improved antitumor activity. The DTX was encapsulated into liposomes in the form of hydrophilic glutathione (GSH)-conjugated prodrugs using a click drug loading method, which achieved a high encapsulation efficiency (∼95 %) and loading capacity (∼30 % wt).

Different Risk Factors for Early and Late Recurrence After Curative Resection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Background: Factors of early and late recurrence after curative resection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) may be different. The aim of this study was to identify clinical factors, including liver stiffness measurement (LSM), which are associated with HCC recurrence after curative resection.

Methods: Patients who underwent preoperative LSM and primary curative resection for HCC between October 2015 and May 2018 were retrospectively reviewed, with 1 year as the cut-off between early and late recurrence.

Sirolimus and MMF are insufficient immunosuppressants for regulation of the proliferation of CD133+EpCAM+ cell populations in HCC cell lines.

Studies on effective immunosuppressive strategies for the management of patients undergoing a liver transplantation (LT) due to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are limited. In the present study, immunosuppressive candidates predicted to exhibit beneficial immunosuppressive and tumor-suppressive effects in patients with HCC were assessed using Huh7 and HEP3B HCC cells, which have high proportions of CD133+EpCAM+ cancer stem cell (CSC) populations. The immunosuppressants assessed were sirolimus, tacrolimus, cyclosporine A and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), and their activities were assessed on CSCs.

Antiviral therapy may decrease HBx, affecting cccDNA and MSL2 in hepatocarcinogenesis.

Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) is the leading cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) is an intermediate in the life cycle of HBV. HBV-encoded X protein (HBx), a key viral oncoprotein, can be specifically ubiquitylated by male specific lethal 2 (MSL2), which causes upregulation of HBx activity and promotes transcription, cell proliferation and tumor growth.

Memory T cells are significantly increased in rejected liver allografts of rhesus monkeys.

The rhesus monkey (RM) is an excellent preclinical model in kidney, heart, and islet transplantation that has provided the basis for new immunosuppressive protocols for clinical studies. However, there remain relatively few liver transplantation (LT) models in nonhuman primates. In this study, we analyzed the immune cell populations of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and secondary lymphoid organs along with livers of normal RMs and compared them with those of rejected LT recipients following withdrawal of immunosuppression.

Polyphyllin I induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human myeloma cells via modulating β-catenin signaling pathway.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is an indolent B-cell disease characterized by clonal proliferation of malignant plasma cells. Multiple myeloma remains incurable despite new targeted drugs and development of drug resistance or intolerable toxicity emerges as a major problem. Therefore, design, identification, and validation of novel chemicals with therapeutic potential are clearly needed for MM treatment.

Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome: a case report and literature review.

Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome (BRBNS) is a rare disease characterized by multiple venous malformations and hemangiomas in the skin and visceral organs. The lesions often involve the cutaneous and gastrointestinal systems. Other organs can also be involved, such as the central nervous system, liver, and muscles.

[DADLE suppresses the proliferation of human liver cancer HepG2 cells by activation of PKC pathway and elevates the sensitivity to cis-diammine dichloridoplatium].

Objective: To investigate the effect of DADLE, a δ-opioid receptor agonist, on the proliferation of human liver cancer HepG2 cells and explore the mechanism involving PKC pathway.

Methods: HepG2 cells were treated with DADLE at different doses (0.01, 0.