Endoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage percutaneous transhepatic bile duct drainage in the management of malignant obstructive jaundice.

Background: Malignant obstructive jaundice (MOJ) is a condition characterized by varying degrees of bile duct stenosis and obstruction, accompanied by the progressive development of malignant tumors, leading to high morbidity and mortality rates. Currently, the two most commonly employed methods for its management are percutaneous transhepatic bile duct drainage (PTBD) and endoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage (EUS-BD). While both methods have demonstrated favorable outcomes, additional research needs to be performed to determine their relative efficacy.

MiR-34a regulates apoptosis in liver cells by targeting the KLF4 gene.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression by inhibiting translation or targeting messenger RNA (mRNA) for degradation in a posttranscriptional fashion. In this study, we show that ectopic expression of miR-34a-5p reduces the mRNA and protein levels of Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4). We also demonstrate that miR-34a targets the 3'-untranslated mRNA region of KLF4 and show that overexpression of miR-34a induces a significant level of apoptosis in BNL CL.