Peripheral Administration of a Cell-Penetrating MOTS-c Analogue Enhances Memory and Attenuates Aβ- or LPS-Induced Memory Impairment through Inhibiting Neuroinflammation.

MOTS-c is a 16-amino acid mitochondrial derivative peptide reported to be involved in regulating insulin and metabolic homeostasis via the AMP activated protein kinase (AMPK). AMPK agonist AICAR has been reported to improve cognition. Previous reports also pointed out that MOTS-c may be effective as a therapeutic option toward the prevention of the aging processes.

Intranasal MMI-0100 Attenuates Aβ- and LPS-Induced Neuroinflammation and Memory Impairments via the MK2 Signaling Pathway.

Accumulating evidence suggests inhibiting neuroinflammation as a potential target in therapeutic or preventive strategies for Alzheimer's disease (AD). MAPK-activated protein kinase II (MK2), downstream kinase of p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) p38 MAPK, was unveiled as a promising option for the treatment of AD. Increasing evidence points at MK2 as involved in neuroinflammatory responses.

MMI-0100 Ameliorates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis in Mice through Targeting MK2 Pathway.

: This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of MMI-0100, a cell-penetrating peptide inhibitor of MAPK-activated protein kinase II (MK2), on acute colitis induced by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS). Mice were injected intraperitoneally with different doses of MMI-0100 (0.5 and 1 mg/kg per day, six days).

Centrally Administered Cortistation-14 Induces Antidepressant-Like Effects in Mice via Mediating Ghrelin and GABA Receptor Signaling Pathway.

Cortistatin-14 (CST-14), a recently discovered cyclic neuropeptide, can bind to all five cloned somatostatin receptors (SSTRs) and ghrelin receptor to exert its biological activities and co-exists with GABA within the cortex and hippocampus. However, the role of CST-14 in the control of depression processes is not still clarified. Here, we tested the behavioral effects of CST-14 in the in a variety of classical rodent models of depression [forced swimming test (FST), tail suspension test (TST) and novelty-suppressed feeding test].

The role of Cortistatin-14 in the gastrointestinal motility in mice.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the functional roles of Cortistatin-14 (CST-14) in the gastrointestinal (GI) motility.

Methods: For in vivo study, mice were randomly divided into control, ip injected CST-14 (0.1, 0.

The ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus plays an important role in anxiolytic-like effect of neuropeptide S.

Neuropeptide S (NPS), the endogenous neuropeptide ligand of NPSR, has been reported to regulate anxiety-related behavior involved in multiple brain regions, including amygdale, locus coeruleus and Barrington's nucleus. However, little research has been conducted on the anxiolytic-like behaviors of NPS on the hypothalamus, which was an important area in defensive behavior. Here, we investigated a role of hypothalamus in anxiolytic-like behaviors of NPS.

[The impact of proton pump inhibitors on esophageal acid exposure in gastroesophageal reflux disease].

Objective: To explore the effects of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) therapy on esophageal acid exposure of patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), and the correlation of anxiety and depression with recurrence of acid-related symptoms after discontinuation of PPIs.

Methods: From February 2010 to June 2011, 28 patients with GERD diagnosed by ambulatory 24 h esophageal pH monitoring admitted to Beijing Jishuitan Hospital were treated with esomeprazole 20 mg 2 times/d for 8 weeks (male 16, female 12). Symptoms after drug discontinuation were monitored.

Disease distribution and medical resources during the Beijing 2008 Olympic and Paralympic Games.

Background: Appropriate planning and staffing for medical services at large-scale athletic events is essential to provide for a safe and successful competition. There are few well-documented accounts describing the demand for such services. The present study provided the data from the Beijing 2008 Olympics and Paralympics, with a view to provide the guidance for planning future events.

[Safety, stability and immunogenicity of an oral DNA vaccine against Newcastle disease].

Mice and 3-day-old chickens were orally inoculated with the recombinant attenuated Salmonella typhimurium strain ZJ111 carrying pcDNA3-F expression plasmid encoding the fusion protein of Newcastle disease virus (NDV). The results showed that ZJ111/pcDNA3-F was relatively safe. The recombinant plasmid pcDNA3-F was stable within the host stain ZJ111 in vitro and in vivo as shown by restriction enzyme analysis and PCR identification of the F gene.

Expression of the newcastle disease virus fusion glycoprotein in vero cells using attenuated Salmonella typhimurium as transgenic carrier.

The full-length cDNA of fusion protein (F) gene of newcastle disease virus (NDV)strain F48E9 was amplified by RT-PCR and inserted into pcDNA3 under the control of human cytomegalovirus (hCMV) immediate early enhancer and promoter. The resulting recombinant plasmid pcDNA3-F was transformed by electroporation into attenuated Salmonella typhimurium strain ZJ111 (dam(-) and phoP(-)), which was then used to transfect the Vero cells. The DNA and RNA dot blotting revealed that the F gene was transcribed into mRNA in the Vero cells.