Activation of the TREK-1 Potassium Channel Improved Cognitive Deficits in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease by Modulating Glutamate Metabolism.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by cognitive dysfunction. The glutamate (Glu) metabolic pathway may be a major contributor to the memory dysfunction associated with AD. The TWIK-related potassium channel-1 (TREK-1) protects against brain ischemia, but any specific role for the channel in AD remains unknown.

Graphene and graphene-based materials in axonal repair of spinal cord injury.

Graphene and graphene-based materials have the ability to induce stem cells to differentiate into neurons, which is necessary to overcome the current problems faced in the clinical treatment of spinal cord injury. This review summarizes the advantages of graphene and graphene-based materials (in particular, composite materials) in axonal repair after spinal cord injury. These materials have good histocompatibility, and mechanical and adsorption properties that can be targeted to improve the environment of axonal regeneration.

Corrigendum: β-Sitosterol and Gemcitabine Exhibit Synergistic Anti-Pancreatic Cancer Activity by Modulating Apoptosis and Inhibiting Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition by Deactivating Akt/GSK-3β Signaling.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.

Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes: Toward cell-free therapeutic strategies in regenerative medicine.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stem cells with marked potential for regenerative medicine because of their strong immunosuppressive and regenerative abilities. The therapeutic effects of MSCs are based in part on their secretion of biologically active factors in extracellular vesicles known as exosomes. Exosomes have a diameter of 30-100 nm and mediate intercellular communication and material exchange.

Diagnosis and treatment of novel coronavirus pneumonia based on the theory of traditional Chinese medicine.

Since the outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia (coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19), it has rapidly spread to 187 countries, causing serious harm to the health of people and a huge social burden. However, currently, drugs specifically approved for clinical use are not available, except for vaccines against COVID-19 that are being evaluated. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is capable of performing syndrome differentiation and treatment according to the clinical manifestations of patients, and has a better ability of epidemic prevention and control.

β-Sitosterol and Gemcitabine Exhibit Synergistic Anti-pancreatic Cancer Activity by Modulating Apoptosis and Inhibiting Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition by Deactivating Akt/GSK-3β Signaling.

β-sitosterol (BS), a major bioactive constituent present in plants, has shown potent anti-cancer activity against many human cancer cells, but its activity in pancreatic cancer (PC) cells has rarely been reported. Gemcitabine (GEM) is one of the first-line drugs for PC therapy, however, the treatment effect is not sustained due to prolonged drug resistance. In this study, we firstly studied the anti-PC activity and the mechanism of BS alone and in combination with GEM and .

Dietary yeast hydrolysate and brewer's yeast supplementation could enhance growth performance, innate immunity capacity and ammonia nitrogen stress resistance ability of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei).

An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary yeast hydrolysate and brewer's yeast supplementation on growth, immune-related genes expression and ammonia nitrogen stress resistance of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). Three isonitrogenous and isolipidic practical diets were formulated to contain 0% (control diet), 1% yeast hydrolysate and 1% brewer's yeast, respectively. 360 juvenile L.

Proteomics analysis demonstrating rosmarinic acid suppresses cell growth by blocking the glycolytic pathway in human HepG2 cells.

Rosmarinic acid (RA), isolated from herbal balm mint plants, has demonstrated potent anti-tumor properties against liver cancer. However, the precise underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms of RA in HepG2 cells.

Lariciresinol induces apoptosis in HepG2 cells via mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis pathway.

Lariciresinol (LA) is one of the main active ingredients in many traditional medicinal plants such as Patrinia, and has the role of anti-liver cancer. However, the precise mechanisms are unclear. This study investigated the molecular mechanisms of LA against HepG2 cells.

Proteomic analysis of apoptosis induction by lariciresinol in human HepG2 cells.

Lariciresinol (LA) is a traditional Chinese medicine possessing anticancer activity, but its mechanism of action remains unclear. The present study explored the effects of LA on human HepG2 cells and the underlying mechanism. Our data indicated that LA inhibited cell proliferation and induced cell cycle arrest in S phase, subsequently resulting in apoptosis in HepG2 cells.

Synergistic cytotoxicity of ampelopsin sodium and carboplatin in human non-small cell lung cancer cell line SPC-A1 by G cell cycle arrested.

Objective: To evaluate the cytotoxic effects of ampelopsin sodium (Amp-Na) and carboplatin (CBP) used alone or in combination on human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells SPC-A1 in vitro and its related mechanism.

Methods: Cytotoxic effects were assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays. The synergistic effects of the drugs were calculated with coefficient of drug interaction (CDI).

Comparative pharmacokinetics of a tumour-targeting therapy candidate rh-IFNα2a-NGR with rh-IFNα2a administered intravenously in mice and rats.

Objectives: rh-IFNα2a-NGR is a promising anti-tumor candidate. The aim of present study was to compare pharmacokinetics of rh-IFNα2a-NGR with rh-IFNα2a.

Methods: Pharmacokinetics and elimination were investigated after intravenous administration to mice and rats.

[Study on the effect of grape seed proanthocyanidins on increasing the radiosensitivity for X-ray].

Objective: To investigate the effect of Grape Seed Proanthocyanidins (GSPs) on enhancing the radiosensitivity of human hepatic carcinoma cell line HepG2, human cervical cancer cell line Hela and human leukemia cell line K562 for X-ray in vitro.

Methods: The killing effect of GSPs combined with X-ray on cells was evaluated by SRB and clone formation assay.

Results: The GSPs had obvious cytotoxicity on three cell lines in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manners.

[Effects of extracts from Patrinia heterophylla on gene expression patterns during morphogenesis of chicken limb buds in vivo].

Objective: To study the effects of the extracts from Patrinia heterophylla on gene expression patterns during morphogenesis of chicken limb buds in vivo.

Methods: Implanted a bead into an chicken embryo, which was soaked in the extracts from Patrinia heterophylla. Detected the extracts-induced morphogenesis changes (Myf5, Myod and PCNA).

[Effect of Patrinia scabra extracts on the level of serum cytokine in sarcoma 180 ascitic tumor burdened mice].

Objective: To explore the effect of Potrinia scabro extracts (PSE) on the level of serum cytokine in Sarcoma 180 ascitic tumor burdened mice and its mechanism of anti-tumor.

Methods: The mice model of Sarcoma 180 ascitic tumor were established and divided into five groups randomly, including the model group with normal saline solution, the positive group with 10 mg/kg cytoxan and PSE treated groups at doses of 2.0 g/kg, 1.

[An experimental observation of pulmonary fibrosis in rats and its transforming growth factor beta1 treated by total hedysarum polybotyssaccharide].

Objective: To treat pulmonary fibrosis and study its mechanisms.

Methods: Choosing randomly 24 Wistar rats with normal sodium intratracheal injection as normal control group, the rests with heomycin A5 induced fibrosis were divided randomly into model group 24 as positive control, prednisone group 24, total hedysarum polybotyssaccharide (THPS) group 24, THPS and small dose prednisone group 24, and treated with different drugs. 6 rats of every group were put to death and observed pathological section, using imaging processing computer to quantitative analysis histomorphology, collagen, and transforming growth beta1, (TGF-beta1) on 7, 14, 30, 60 days.

[Study on depressant effects of THPS on S180 tumor-bearing-mice and its mechanisms].

Objective: to study depressant effect of total hedysarum polybotys saccharids (THPS) on S180 tumor-bearing-mice and its mechanisms.

Methods: THPS was extracted from Radix Xedysari with water and precipitated with ethanol, determining its molecular weight, purity, saccharide and aldonic acid content. 90 Kunming mice were divided into 9 groups randomly.

[Erythrocyte immunologic function effects of Patrinia scabra extracts by macroporous adsorptive resins on mice burdened transplanted tumor].

Objective: To research the erythrocyte immunoregulation effects of Patrinia scabra extracts by macroporous adsorptive resins on mice burdened transplanted tumor.

Methods: Extracts of Patrinia scabra Bunge were separated by macroporous adsorptive resins, ingredients were analysised. Mice burdened transplanted tumor were given extracted drugs.

[Effects of Patrinia scabra bunge macroporous adsorptive resins extracts on erythrocyte immune function in tumor bearing mice].

Objective: To study the erythrocyte immuno-regulatory effect of Patrinia scabra Bunge extracts extracted by macroporous adsorptive resins in tumor bearing mice.

Methods: Patrinia scabra Bunge was extracted by macroporous adsorptive resins, and the amount of polysaccharides and saponins in the extract were determined. Mice bearing S180 tumor were treated with the extract and their survival prolongation rate, erythrocyte rosette formation rates of C3b receptor (ERR-CR), immune complex (ERR-IC) and tumor cell (ERR-TC), as well as the CD35 and CD44s were observed.

[Studies on extraction process optimization of patrinia scabra Bunge saponins].

Objective: To optimize the conditions for the extraction of Patrinia scabra Bunge saponins.

Methods: Orthogonal experimental design and ultrasonic method were employed to examine the conditions for the extraction by determination of saponins.

Results: The optimun condition for the extraction of Patrinia scabra Bunge saponins was as follows: 65% ethanol for 40 minutes, 55 degrees C and 210 watt of ultrasonic efficinecy.

Effects of body-resistance strengthening and tumor-suppressing granules on immune adhesion function of red blood cells and expression of metastasis protein CD44 in tumor cells of patients with esophageal carcinoma.

Aim: To investigate the effects of Fuzheng Yiliu granules (body-resistance strengthening and tumor-suppressing granules) in patients with esophageal carcinoma.

Methods: We compared the immune adherent properties of red blood cells (RBCs), the expression of metastasis protein CD44, and the metastasis inhibition factor nm23, in esophageal carcinoma tumor cells of patients before and after radiotherapy in the presence and absence of orally administered Fuzheng Yiliu granules. Sixty-three hospitalized patients with esophageal carcinoma were treated with standard radiotherapy and randomly divided into treatment group (n = 30) treated with both radiotherapy and Fuzheng Yiliu granules and control group (n = 33) given radiotherapy only.

[Effect of Fuzheng Yiliu Granule contained-serum from tumor bearing mice on apoptotic rate, free radicals content and mitochondrial membrane potential of hepatoma cell lines H22 in vitro].

Objective: To observe the effect of traditional Chinese herbs Fuzheng Yiliu Granule (FYG)-contained serum from tumor bearing mice on apoptotic rate, free radicals content and mitochondrial membrane potential of hepatoma cell lines H22 in vitro.

Methods: The effect of FYG drug-serum on apoptosis of hepatoma cell line H22 was determined using flow cytometry. The changes of DNA RNA, free radicals and mitochondrial membrane potential (delta psi m) in H22 cell were detected through laser scanning confocal microscope.

[Effects of fuzheng yiliu granules on apoptotic rate and mitochondrial membrane potential of hepatocellular carcinoma cell line H22 from mice].

Objective: To evaluate the effects of Fuzheng Yiliu Granules (FZYLG) on apoptotic rate and mitochondrial membrane potential (Delta psi m) of hepatocellular carcinoma cell line H22 from mice.

Methods: Forty-eight mice inoculated with H22 cells were randomly divided into four groups: untreated group, cyclophosphamide-treated group, high-dose FZYLG-treated group and low-dose FZYLG-treated group. After 14 days of corresponding treatment, H22 cells in each group were stained with propidium iodide, and the apoptotic rates were detected by flow cytometry (FCM).