Sonocatalysis Regulates Tumor Autophagy for Enhanced Immunotherapy.

Immunotherapy stands as a groundbreaking strategy for cancer treatment, due to its ability to precisely and safely detect and eradicate tumors. However, the efficacy of immunotherapy is often limited by tumor autophagy, a natural defense mechanism that tumors exploit to resist immune attacks. Herein, we introduce a spatiotemporally controlled method to modulate tumor autophagy via sonocatalysis, aiming to improve immunotherapeutic outcomes.

Diagnostic efficiency of conventional ultrasound, shear wave elastography, and superb microvascular imaging in evaluating ulnar neuropathy at the elbow.

Introduction/aims: The current diagnosis of ulnar neuropathy at the elbow (UNE) relies mainly on the clinical presentation and nerve electrodiagnostic (EDX) testing, which can be uncomfortable and yield false negatives. The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic value of conventional ultrasound, shear wave elastography (SWE), and superb microvascular imaging (SMI) in diagnosing UNE.

Methods: We enrolled 40 patients (48 elbows) with UNE and 48 healthy volunteers (48 elbows).

The AP2/ERF transcription factor MdDREB2A regulates nitrogen utilisation and sucrose transport under drought stress.

Drought stress is one of the main environmental factors limiting plant growth and development. Plants adapt to changing soil moisture by modifying root architecture, inducing stomatal closure, and inhibiting shoot growth. The AP2/ERF transcription factor DREB2A plays a key role in maintaining plant growth in response to drought stress, but the molecular mechanism underlying this process remains to be elucidated.

Diagnostic performance of endorectal ultrasound combined with shear wave elastography for rectal tumors staging.

Objective: This study aims to analyze the performance of endorectal ultrasound (ERUS) combined with shear wave elastography (SWE) for rectal tumor staging.

Methods: Forty patients with rectal tumors who had surgery were enrolled. They underwent ERUS and SWE examinations before surgery.

Efficacy and safety of third-line or later-line targeted treatment for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis.

Targeted therapy has been standardized in front-line therapies for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), while explicit recommendations for third- or later-line are still lacking. This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of combining targeted therapy with chemotherapy in the third- or later-line treatment for mCRC meta-analysis, providing evidence-based guidance for clinical or research practice. Comprehensive retrieval of related studies was conducted according to the PRISMA guideline.

Ultrasound and elastography role in pre- and post-operative evaluation of median neuropathy in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome.

Introduction: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a common compression neuropathy of the median nerve in the wrist. Early diagnosis of CTS is essential for selecting treatment options and assessing prognosis. The current diagnosis of CTS is based on the patient's clinical symptoms, signs, and an electromyography (EMG) test.

Altered cognition and anxiety in adolescent offspring whose mothers underwent different-pattern maternal sleep deprivation, and cognition link to hippocampal expressions of and .

Background: Inadequate sleep during pregnancy negatively affects the neural development of offspring. Previous studies have focused on the continuous sleep deprivation (CSD) paradigm, but the sleep pattern during late pregnancy is usually fragmented.

Objective: To compare the effects of CSD and fragmented sleep deprivation (FSD) in late pregnancy on emotion, cognition, and expression of synaptic plasticity-related proteins in offspring mice.

Environmental enrichment improves declined cognition induced by prenatal inflammatory exposure in aged CD-1 mice: Role of NGPF2 and PSD-95.

Introduction: Research suggests that prenatal inflammatory exposure could accelerate age-related cognitive decline that may be resulted from neuroinflammation and synaptic dysfunction during aging. Environmental enrichment (EE) may mitigate the cognitive and synaptic deficits. Neurite growth-promoting factor 2 (NGPF2) and postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95) play critical roles in neuroinflammation and synaptic function, respectively.

Prenatal exposure to inflammation increases anxiety-like behaviors in F1 and F2 generations: possible links to decreased FABP7 in hippocampus.

Anxiety disorder has a high prevalence, and the risk of anxiety increases with age. Prenatal inflammation during key developmental timepoints can result in long-term changes in anxiety phenotype, even over a lifetime and across generations. However, whether maternal inflammation exposure during late gestation has intergenerational transmission effects on age-related anxiety-like behaviors and the possible underlying mechanisms are largely unknown.

Multiphonon processes of the inelastic electron transfer in olfaction.

Inelastic electron transfer, regarded as one of the potential mechanisms to explain odorant recognition in atomic-scale processes, is still a matter of intense debate. Here, we study multiphonon processes of electron transfer using the Markvart model and calculate their lifetimes with the values of key parameters widely adopted in olfactory systems. We find that these multiphonon processes are as quick as the single phonon process, which suggests that contributions from different phonon modes of an odorant molecule should be included for electron transfer in olfaction.

Complete Genome Sequence of the Biocontrol Agent subsp. SPS-41.

subsp. SPS-41 is a plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium with biocontrol potential that was isolated from the rhizosphere of sweet potato in Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China. Our previous study demonstrated that volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by SPS-41 inhibited black spot disease fungi in postharvest sweet potatoes and a variety of other plant pathogens, and the VOCs also displayed strong nematocidal activity.

Circular RNA in gastric cancer.

Gastric cancer (GC) is a common malignancy and is the third leading cause of cancer-related death. At present, there is no simple and effective screening method for early-stage GC, and the treatment results and prognosis are poor. With the continuous improvement of molecular biology techniques, research on circular RNA (circRNA) has gradually expanded over time.

Application value of conventional ultrasound and real-time shear wave elastography in patients with type 2 diabetic polyneuropathy.

Purpose: To explore the application value of conventional ultrasound and real-time shear wave elastography (SWE) to the tibial nerve (TN) and the common peroneal nerve (CPN) in diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN).

Materials And Methods: Thirty-three healthy volunteers, 33 diabetic patients without DPN, and 30 diabetic patients with DPN were enrolled in this study. The anteroposterior diameter (APD), the cross-sectional area (CSA), and the perimeter of the TN and the CPN were measured by conventional ultrasound, and the stiffness of the nerves was measured by SWE.

Root exudates-driven rhizosphere recruitment of the plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium Bacillus flexus KLBMP 4941 and its growth-promoting effect on the coastal halophyte Limonium sinense under salt stress.

Halophytes play an important role in the bioremediation of saline soils. Increased evidence has revealed that plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) have colonized the halophytic rhizosphere, and they have evolved the capacity to reduce salt stress damage to the host. However, the mechanism by which halophytes attract and recruit beneficial PGPR has rarely been reported.

Efficacy of neuromuscular electrical stimulation on Wilson's disease patients with dysphagia.

[Purpose] Dysphagia is a neurological symptom that is observed in more than half of patients with Wilson's disease. It is often associated with aspiration pneumonia, dehydration, and malnutrition, resulting in drastic reduction of the quality of life. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation could be an adjunct therapy for dysphagia treatment.

[Molecular regulation mechanism of and in myoblast fusion].

Myogenesis is a complex physiological process that is mainly involved in the proliferation of myogenic stem cells to form myoblasts, which then differentiated and fused to form multinucleated myotubes. Many proteins have been found to be involved in myoblast fusion, but none of them are muscle-specific fusion proteins. In recent years, two muscle-specific transmembrane proteins, i.

Fermentation conditions optimization, purification, and antioxidant activity of exopolysaccharides obtained from the plant growth-promoting endophytic actinobacterium Glutamicibacter halophytocola KLBMP 5180.

In this study, an endophytic actinobacterium Glutamicibacter halophytocola KLBMP 5180, was investigated for the production and antioxidant activity of exopolysaccharides (EPSs). First, the suitable fermentation time, temperature, inoculation volume, pH value, and the carbon and nitrogen sources for EPSs production were obtained using the one variable at a time method (OVAT). Then, a central composition design was used for fermentation conditions optimization to obtain the maximum EPS yield.

Influence of long-term temperature stress on respiration frequency, Na/K-ATPase activity, and lipid metabolism in common carp (Cyprinus carpio).

Temperature is a key factor that influences fish metabolism. Therefore, it is important to understand how temperature variation affects lipid metabolism and energy consumption in fish. We determined respiration frequency, Na/K-ATPase activity, and lipid metabolism in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) after 18 days of temperature stress (5 °C and 30 °C, with 17 °C as the control).

Accelerated Deficits of Spatial Learning and Memory Resulting From Prenatal Inflammatory Insult Are Correlated With Abnormal Phosphorylation and Methylation of Histone 3 in CD-1 Mice.

Gestational infection causes various neurological deficits in offspring, such as age-related spatial learning and memory (SLM) decline. How inflammation causes age-related SLM dysfunction remains unknown. Previous research has indicated that histone modifications, such as phosphorylation of H3S10 (H3S10p) and trimethylation of H3K9 (H3K9me3) may be involved.

Bioactive heterocycles containing a 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl fragment exerting potent antiproliferative activity through microtubule destabilization.

Novel bioactive heterocycles containing a 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl fragment as antiproliferative agents by targeting tubulin were synthesized and their preliminary structure activity relationships (SARs) were explored. Among all these chemical agents, 2-(Benzo[d]oxazol-2-ylthio)-N-(4-methoxybenzyl)-N-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)acetamide (4d) exhibited the potent antiproliferative activity against MGC-803 cells with an IC value of 0.45 μM by induction of G2/M pahse arrest and cell apoptosis.

COX-2 inhibition by celecoxib in epithelial ovarian cancer attenuates E-cadherin suppression through reduced Snail nuclear translocation.

Elevated cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) closely associates with tumor progression and distant metastasis in various human cancers. However, the role of COX-2 in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), and its mechanistic details, remain poorly understood. In the present study, we tested hypothesis that COX-2 induces loss of expression of E-cadherin, with resulting promotion of cancer cells' invasiveness in ovarian cancer.

Research progress in sRNAs and functional proteins in epididymosomes.

The semen quality is a basic and the most important indicator of male reproductive health. Mammalian spermatozoa undergo a series of complex structural and functional changes in the epididymis to mature and achieve fertilization capacity. Sperm cell maturation is mediated by a complex physiological process, which is synergistically regulated by a large number of transcription factors, hormones and other signaling molecules.

Accelerated reduction of serum thyroxine and hippocampal histone acetylation links to exacerbation of spatial memory impairment in aged CD-1 mice pubertally exposed to bisphenol-a.

Age-related cognitive decline has been associated with changes in endogenous hormones and epigenetic modification of chromatin, including histone acetylation. Developmental exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals, such as bisphenol-A (BPA) that produces endocrine disruption and epigenetic changes, may be a risk factor for accelerating cognitive deficits during aging. Thus, we exposed CD-1 mice to BPA (0, 1, and 100 mg/l BPA in the drinking water) orally during puberty (from postnatal days 28 to 56) and investigated whether pubertal BPA exposure exacerbates the age-related impairment of spatial cognition in old age (18 months old) and whether serum sex and thyroid hormones or hippocampal histone acetylation (H3K9ac and H4K8ac) are associated with cognitive effects.

Patients with chronic insomnia have selective impairments in memory that are modulated by cortisol.

Memory impairment is a frequent complaint in insomniacs; however, it is not consistently demonstrated. It is unknown whether memory impairment in insomniacs involves neuroendocrine dysfunction. The participants in this study were selected from the clinical setting and included 21 patients with chronic insomnia disorder (CID), 25 patients with insomnia and comorbid depressive disorder (CDD), and 20 control participants without insomnia.

Inflammatory insult during pregnancy accelerates age-related behavioral and neurobiochemical changes in CD-1 mice.

Data shows that inflammation during pregnancy significantly exerts a long-term influence on offspring, such as increasing the risk of adult cognition decline in animals. However, it is unclear whether gestational inflammation affects the neurobehavioral and neurobiochemical outcomes in the mother-self during aging. In this study, pregnant CD-1 mice intraperitoneally received lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in two doses (25 and 50 g/kg, respectively) or normal saline daily during gestational days 15-17.