[Protective effect of ginsenoside Rg_1 aganist diabetic retinopathy by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome in type 2 diabetic mice].

Ginsenoside Rg_1, one of the main active components of precious traditional Chinese medicine Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, has the anti-oxidative stress, anti-inflammation, anti-aging, neuroprotection, and other pharmacological effects. Diabetic retinopathy(DR), the most common complication of diabetes, is also the main cause of impaired vision and blindness in the middle-aged and the elderly. The latest research shows that ginsenoside Rg_1 can protect patients against DR, but the protection and the mechanism are rarely studied.

Clinicopathological study of mixed cryoglobulinemic glomerulonephritis secondary to hepatitis B virus infection.

Background: Cryoglobulinemic glomerulonephritis (CryoGn) caused by hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection was rarely reported. Our study aimed to investigate the clinical features, renal pathology findings, and prognosis in patients with HBV related CryoGn.

Methods: This was a retrospective study including seven Chinese patients with HBV related CryoGn in a tertiary referral hospital from April 2016 to March 2019.

Effects of keto acid supplements on Chinese patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis: a prospective, randomized, controlled, single-center clinical study.

Background: The effects of keto acid (KA) supplements on Chinese patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) are unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of KA supplementation on nutritional status, inflammatory markers, and bioelectric impedance analysis (BIA) parameters in a cohort of Chinese patients with MHD without malnutrition.

Methods: This was a prospective, randomized, controlled, single-center clinical study conducted in 2011 till 2014.

Clinical Outcomes and Clinico-pathological Correlations in Lupus Nephritis with Kidney Biopsy Showing Thrombotic Microangiopathy.

Objective: Renal thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) is an uncommon pathological finding in lupus nephritis (LN), and its clinical significance remains to be defined.

Methods: Twenty-four patients with lupus nephritis (LN) and renal TMA were selected from a retrospective review of 677 biopsy-proven LN patients, and compared with 48 LN controls without TMA (1:2 ratio) matched according to demographics and treatments.

Results: Renal TMA was noted in 3.

Analysis of predictive factors for immunosuppressive response in anti-phospholipase A2 receptor antibody positive membranous nephropathy.

Background: Serum anti-phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) antibody was correlated with disease activity of membranous nephropathy(MN). The predictive value of antibody titer changes on immunosuppressive response remains unknown. We investigated predictive value of dynamic change of anti-PLA2R antibody and 24-h urine protein (24hUP) for clinical response of MN.

[Pathogenic Mechanisms of the Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis and Its Role in the Progression of IgA Nephropathy].

Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS),a common pathological change in kidney diseases,may be caused by primary factors or multiple secondary factors. Its pathogenic mechanism remains a hot topic in kidney disease research. FSGS-like pathologic changes are highly in IgA nephropathy.

A Cohort Study of Incidences and Risk Factors for Thromboembolic Events in Patients with Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy.

Objective The aims of this study were to assess incidences and characteristics of arterial thromboembolic events (ATEs) and venous thromboembolic events (VTEs) in Chinese patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN), and to identify the predisposing risk factors of them.Methods A total of 766 consecutive Chinese patients with IMN were enrolled in this retrospective cohort study. The cumulative incidences of newly diagnosed ATEs and VTEs were calculated using Kaplan-Meier methods.

Fibronectin Glomerulopathy Caused by the Y973C Mutation in Fibronectin: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Fibronectin glomerulopathy is a rare autosomal dominant inherited glomerular disease associated with massive deposition of fibronectin. We recently diagnosed fibronectin glomerulopathy in a 29-year-old woman presenting nephrotic syndrome. Genetic analysis of fibronectin 1 gene showed heterozygosity for the Y973C mutation.

Therapy of Rituximab in Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy with Nephrotic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of rituximab (RTX) in the treatment of idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) with nephrotic syndrome with a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Clinical Trials (December 2016) were searched to identify researches investigating the treatment of RTX in adult patients with biopsy-proven IMN. Complete remission (CR) or partial remission was regarded as effective therapy, and the cumulated remission rate was calculated.

Efficacy and Safety of Tacrolimus versus Cyclosporine A for Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy:A Network Meta-analysis.

Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of tacrolimus with those of cyclosporine in treating idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) via network meta-analysis. Methods Databases including PubMed,Embase,CENTRAL (Cochrane),Wanfang Database,CNKI,and VIP citation database were searched for relevant studies according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Package Meta 4.

The Neglected Significance of Glomerular Density as a 5-year Progression Indicator for IgA Nephropathy.

Objective To investigate whether glomerular density (GD) could be an independent prognostic factor for patients of IgA nephropathy with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 30 to 60 ml/min per 1.73 m, or for patients with time-average proteinuria < 0.5 g/d.

Clinicopathological Features of Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy in 33 Adolescents.

Objective To investigate the clinicopathological features and prognosis of idiopathic membranous nephropathy(IMN)in adolescents. Methods This was a retrospective study on IMN patients hospitalized between June 2012 and December 2014,and a total of 33 IMN patients aged between 13 and 24 years old were enrolled in the study.Meanwhile,33 IMN patients aged more than 24 years old were selected randomly as control group during the same period.

Value of Chloride Clearance Test in Differential Diagnosis of Gitelman Syndrome.

Objective To investigate the value of chloride clearance test in differential diagnosis of Gitelman syndrome (GS). Methods For patients with hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis and highly suspected GS,clinical data were documented and SLC12A3 gene screening was performed as gold standard to diagnose GS. Hydrochlorothiazide (HCT) test and furosemide (FUR) test were performed according to the standard process.

[Temporally Relationship between Renal Local Clock System and Circadian Rhythm of the Water Electrolyte Excretion].

Objective: To investigate the relationship of the circadian rhythm of the urine volume and urine electrolytes excretion rate and the daily expression pattern of the clock genes and clock-controlled genes with the water electrolyte transportation circadian pattern in rat kidneys.

Methods: Male adult SD rats were exposed to in a light:dark (12:12) cycles. We collected two period urine from zeitgeber time (ZT)00:00-ZT12:00 (light time,rest period) and ZT12:00-24:00 (dark time,activity period) and then compared the urinary excretion rates of volume, sodium, potassium, and chloride at light time with those at dark time.

Clinical features of 30 patients with cryoglobulinemia.

Objective: To summarize the clinical features of cryoglobulinemia.

Method: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 30 patients admitted to Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2003 to March 2013 due to cryoglobulinemia.

Results: The average age was(53.

[Expression of calcineurin in podocytes in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress in diabetic nephropathy].

Objective: To investigate the regulation of calcineurin (CaN) by endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) in podocytes in vitro and in vivo at the stage microalbuminuria in diabetic nehropathy (DN).

Methods: The urinary albumin excretions of C57BLKS/J (Lepr) db/db and db/m mice at the ages of 6, 9, and 12 weeks were measured. The expressions of CaN and synaptopodin of these mice were observed.

[Association of lipid metabolism disorder with peritoneum transport ability and mortality in peritoneal dialysis patients].

Objective: To observe the features of lipid metabolism disorders of peritoneal dialysis(PD)patients and hemodialysis(HD)patients and explore the association of lipid metabolism disorder with peritoneum transport ability and mortality.

Methods: The clinical data of 127 PD patients and 95 HD patients who had received regular dialysis for more than 3 months in Peking Union Medical College Hospital since March 2009 were retrospectively analyzed.Serum lipid profiles were tested.

[Application of the Oxford classification of IgA nephropathy to predict renal outcome].

Objective: To validate the value of the Oxford classification of IgA nephropathy in predicting the renal outcome in Chinese population.

Methods: Retrospective study was done in patients with IgA nephropathy. All slides were re-assessed according to the Oxford classification of IgA nephropathy.

Correlations of podocyte injury with glucose regulated protein 78 expression and proteinuria in patients with diabetic nephropathy.

Objective: To explore the podocyte injury in patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN) and analyze its relationship with glucose regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and proteinuria.

Methods: The clinical data of 48 patients diagnosed as DN by renal biopsy were reviewed. All patients were divided into two groups according to proteinuria (>3.

Endoplasmic reticulum stress is involved in podocyte apoptosis induced by saturated fatty acid palmitate.

Background: Podocyte apoptosis is recently indicated as an early phenomenon of diabetic nephropathy. Pancreatic β-cells exposed to saturated free fatty acid palmitate undergo irreversible endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and consequent apoptosis, contributing to the onset of diabetes. We hypothesized that palmitate could induce podocyte apoptosis via ER stress, which initiates or aggravates proteinuria in diabetic nephropathy.

Cyclosporine treatment in idiopathic membranous nephropathy nephrotic syndrome in adults: a retrospective study spanning 15 years.

Background: Cyclosporine is effective in treating nephrotic syndrome (NS) with idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) in adults. But high relapse rate remains a major concern. The way to manipulate cyclosporine is inconclusive.

[Analyzing urinary proteome patterns of metabolic syndrome patients with early renal injury by magnet bead separation and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry].

Objective: To determine the potential urinary biomarkers of metabolic syndrome (MS) with early renal injury and establish diagnostic models by magnetic bead-based separation and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS).

Methods: Participants were selected from the epidemiologic study on MS and renal involvement among residents in Pinggu district, Beijing. Eight-hour overnight urine samples were fractionated by means of magnetic bead-based weak cation exchange chromatography and subsequently analyzed with MALDI-TOF-MS.

Pilot 24 month study to compare mycophenolate mofetil and tacrolimus in the treatment of membranous lupus nephritis with nephrotic syndrome.

Aim: This pilot study compared mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and tacrolimus (Tac) in the treatment of severe membranous lupus nephritis (MLN).

Method: This was a 24 month prospective, randomized, open-label multi-centre exploratory study on Chinese patients with biopsy-proven pure Class V MLN with nephrotic syndrome. Patients were randomized to treatment with either MMF or Tac, both in combination with prednisolone and the efficacy and tolerability outcomes were examined.