Ethyl acetate fraction of Thesium chinense Turcz. alleviates chronic obstructive pulmonary disease through inhibition of ferroptosis mediated by activating Nrf2/SLC7A11/GPX4 axis.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Thesium chinense Turcz., a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, displays good therapeutic efficiency against respiratory diseases (e.g.

Systematic investigation of the material basis, effectiveness and safety of Thesium chinense Turcz. and its preparation Bairui Granules against lung inflammation.

Background: Thesium chinense Turcz. (Named as Bai Rui Cao in Chinese) and its preparations (e.g.

Integrated network pharmacology and pharmacological investigations to explore the potential mechanism of Ding-Chuan-Tang against chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Ding-Chuan-Tang (Abbreviated as DCT) is frequently prescribed for treatment of respiratory diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which is characterized by coughing, wheezing, and chest tightness in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). However, the potential mechanism of DCT has not been investigated.

Aim Of Study: The aim of the study is to explore the efficiency of DCT in the treatment of COPD in vivo and in vitro, and to illustrate the possible mechanism against COPD.

Methotrexate Chemotherapy Causes Growth Impairments, Vitamin D Deficiency, Bone Loss, and Altered Intestinal Metabolism-Effects of Calcitriol Supplementation.

Vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency is prevalent in childhood cancer patients and survivors after chemotherapy; further studies are needed to investigate the underlying aetiology and effectiveness of vitamin D supplementation in preventing chemotherapy-induced bone loss. This study used a rat model of treatment with antimetabolite methotrexate to investigate whether methotrexate chemotherapy causes vitamin D deficiency and if vitamin D supplementation attenuates the resultant bone loss. Methotrexate treatment (five daily injections) decreased serum vitamin D levels (from 52 to <30 ng/mL), reduced body and bone lengthening and tibial trabecular bone volume, and altered intestinal vitamin D metabolism, which was associated with intestinal mucosal damage known to cause malabsorption of nutrients, including dietary vitamin D and calcium.

Chemotherapy-Induced Intestinal Microbiota Dysbiosis Impairs Mucosal Homeostasis by Modulating Toll-like Receptor Signaling Pathways.

Chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis, a painful debilitating condition affecting up to 40-100% of patients undergoing chemotherapy, can reduce the patients' quality of life, add health care costs and even postpone cancer treatment. In recent years, the relationships between intestinal microbiota dysbiosis and mucositis have drawn much attention in mucositis research. Chemotherapy can shape intestinal microbiota, which, in turn, can aggravate the mucositis through toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathways, leading to an increased expression of inflammatory mediators and elevated epithelial cell apoptosis but decreased epithelial cell differentiation and mucosal regeneration.

Identification of novel Nrf2 activators from Cinnamomum chartophyllum H.W. Li and their potential application of preventing oxidative insults in human lung epithelial cells.

Human lung tissue, directly exposed to the environmental oxidants and toxicants, is apt to be harmed to bring about acute or chronic oxidative insults. The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) represents a central cellular defense mechanism, and is a target for developing agents against oxidative insult-induced human lung diseases. Our previous study found that the EtOH extract of Cinnamomum chartophyllum protected human bronchial epithelial cells against oxidative insults via Nrf2 activation.

Screening of traditional Chinese medicines with therapeutic potential on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease through inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammatory response.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major public health problem and gives arise to severe chronic morbidity and mortality in the world. Inflammatory response and oxidative stress play dominant roles in the pathological mechanism of COPD, and have been regarded to be two important targets for the COPD therapy. Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) possess satisfying curative effects on COPD under guidance of the TCM theory in China, and merit in-depth investigations as a resource of lead compounds.

Steamed root of Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch (Plantaginaceae) alleviates methotrexate-induced intestinal mucositis in rats.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Intestinal mucositis induced by chemotherapy is a severe clinical problem in cancer patients that currently lack effective interventions. In traditional Chinese medicine, chemotherapeutic toxicity is diagnosed as Qi and Yin deficiency, and steamed rehmannia root (SRR) is frequently prescribed to these patients. Whether SRR can prevent the adverse effects remains to be confirmed experimentally.

Characteristics and kinetics of catalpol degradation and the effect of its degradation products on free radical scavenging.

Background: The dried and steamed roots of Rehmannia glutinosa have different pharmacological functions and indications. Catalpol, the main active component of the dried root, was found to be entirely degraded together with amino acids and some oligosaccharides during preparation of the steamed root. Its degradation may contribute to the differences between dried and steamed roots.

[Discussion on the quality marker of rehmanniae radix praeparata in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia].

Objective: In the Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2010 edition), the minimum limit of verbascoside (acteoside) in Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata (RRP) was set at 0.20%, the rationality of the standard was evaluated in this paper.

Methods: 10 samples of Rehmanniae Radix (RR) and RRP were collected or prepared.

Antidepressant effect of Shudihuang on mice exposed to unpredictable chronic mild stress.

Aim Of The Study: Depression is a severe mood disorder. It was treated with Shudihuang, the steamed roots of Rehmannia glutinota Libosch. (SRG), in traditional Chinese medicine.

[Optimization of manninotriose preparation from stachoyse].

Objective: To optimize the processing of mannatriose preparation from stachyose by acidolysis.

Methods: An orthogonal experiment was performed to select a better condition of acidolysis. Fructoes and stachyose was determined by HPLC.

[Advances in research on pharmacodynamics and chemical conversion of catalpol].

Catalpol is a active component in Rehmannia Root, and its pharmacological effects are extensive. In this paper its effects and chemical changes were summarized. This will offer the reference for further research work catalpol.

[Advances in study on chemical constituents from plants of genus Pfaffia and their bioactivities].

The progress in the studies on chemical constituents and pharmacological activity of the genus Pfaffia is summarized in recent 20 years. These plants contain various chemical constituents and have broad bioactivities such as sthenic, anti-tumor, analgesic and anti-inflammatory and should be further investigated.

[Extraction and salting-out purification of alpha-galactosidase and beta-glucosidase from fresh roots of Rehmannia glutinosa].

Objective: To extract and preliminarily purify alpha-galactosidase and beta-glucosidase from the fresh roots of Rehmannia glutinosa.

Methods: With the enzyme activity as a criterion, the best procedure of extraction was selected though orthogonal design method, and the desired saturation of ammonium sulfate in two-step salting-out was settled by gradient sedimentation of root extract according to enzyme activity and protein content.

Results: Temperature and solvent volume affect the extraction of alpha-galactosidase significantly, while solvent type to beta-glucosidase.

[Preservation of germplasm of Rehmannia glutinosa in vitro].

Objective: To establish a method for the germplasm preservation of R. glutinosa.

Method: Plantlets of different cultivars obtained by tip culture were inoculated into test tubes with MS medium supplemented with 0.

[Photosynthetic pigment contents of different germplasm of Rehmannia glutinosa and the relationship between pigments and leaf color].

Objective: To evaluate the germplasm of Rehmannia glutinosa on the basis of photosynthetic pigment contents (PPC).

Method: 20 cultivars were planted on the same condition. On Oct.