Publications by authors named "Xue-Qin Yu"

Article Synopsis
  • The study aimed to understand the impact of waiting time for breast cancer treatment on survival rates in the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal, highlighting disparities in treatment initiation and outcomes.
  • Researchers found that one third of breast cancer patients waited over four weeks to start treatment, and lower education levels were linked to these longer wait times.
  • While overall survival rates were high (88.6%), advanced stage at diagnosis significantly worsened survival prospects, and there was some evidence suggesting that longer wait times might further impact survival for advanced-stage patients, although data quality was a limitation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objective: Improvement in cancer survival over recent decades has not been accompanied by a narrowing of socioeconomic disparities. This study aimed to quantify the loss of life expectancy (LOLE) resulting from a cancer diagnosis and examine disparities in LOLE based on area-level socioeconomic status (SES).

Methods: Data were collected for all people between 50 and 89 years of age who were diagnosed with cancer, registered in the NSW Cancer Registry between 2001 and 2019, and underwent mortality follow-up evaluations until December 2020.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Australia has seen rising rates of multiple myeloma (MM) incidence and mortality, prompting research into survival trends across different treatment eras from 1985 to 2015.
  • A study of over 11,500 individuals showed a marked improvement in 5-year relative survival rates, increasing from 31.0% in 1985-1995 to 56.1% in 2008-2015, especially among those diagnosed under 70 years old.
  • Despite advancements in treatment leading to better overall survival, older patients (70+) still face poorer outcomes, highlighting the need for ongoing research and targeted therapies for this age group.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Aim: Large-scale studies investigating health-related quality of life (HRQL) in cancer survivors are limited. This study aims to investigate HRQL and its relation to optimism and social support among Australian women following a cancer diagnosis.

Methods: Data were from the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health, a large cohort study (n = 14,715; born 1946-51), with 1428 incident cancer cases ascertained 1996-2017 via linkage to the Australian Cancer Database.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Purpose: Shorter time from symptoms recognition to diagnosis and timely treatment would be expected to improve the survival of patients with breast cancer (BC). This review identifies and summarizes evidence on time to diagnosis and treatment, and associated factors to inform an improved BC care pathways in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs).

Methods: A systematic search was conducted in electronic databases including Medline, Embase, PsycINFO and Global Health, covering publications between January 1, 2010, and November 6, 2023.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Cancer screening in China has evolved significantly since its first program began in 1958, with national initiatives now targeting eight common cancer types.
  • A series of guidelines has been developed based on evidence from previous pilot programs and studies, aiming to enhance the effectiveness of screening efforts.
  • Despite progress, there are still challenges in fully implementing these programs, and the review offers recommendations that may benefit other countries looking to establish their own cancer screening initiatives.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Racial/ethnic disparities in prostate cancer are reported in the United States (US). However, long-term trends and contributors of racial/ethnic disparities in all-cause and cause-specific death among patients with prostate cancer remain unclear. We analysed the trends and contributors of racial/ethnic disparities in prostate cancer survivors according to the cause of death in the US over 25 years.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Purpose: To compare the incidence profile of four major cancers in Australia by place of birth.

Methods: In this retrospective population-based cohort study, the analysis included 548,851 residents diagnosed with primary colorectum, lung, female breast, or prostate cancer during 2005-2014. Incidence rate ratio (IRR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated for migrant groups relative to Australian-born.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

There is growing, but inconsistent evidence suggesting oestrogen may play a key role in lung cancer development, especially among never-smoking women for whom lung cancer risk factors remain largely elusive. Using the China Kadoorie Biobank, a large-scale prospective cohort with 302 510 women aged 30 to 79 years recruited from 10 regions in China during 2004 to 2008, we assessed the risk of lung cancer death among self-reported never-smoking women who were cancer-free at baseline, in relation to age at menarche, age at menopause, time since menopause, prior use of oral contraceptives (OCP), number of livebirths, breastfeeding and age at first livebirth. Women were followed up to December 31, 2016 with linkage to mortality data.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • The study evaluated cancer literacy across China and found a national literacy rate of about 70%, with knowledge of cancer management being the highest.
  • The research revealed geographic disparities, with higher literacy rates in East and Central China, while Southwest and Northwest regions showed significant gaps.
  • Demographic factors such as urban living, ethnic background, education level, and income were linked to higher cancer health knowledge, indicating a need for targeted educational policies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Racial disparities in endometrial cancer have been reported in the United States, but trends and the underlying causes are not well understood. We aimed to examine the trends and contributing factors in racial disparities for causes of death among endometrial cancer patients.

Method: In this population-based cohort study, we identified 139 473 women diagnosed with first, primary endometrial cancer between 1992 to 2018 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Overweight and obesity is a growing public health issue as it contributes to the future burden of obesity-related diseases, including cancer, especially in high-income countries. In Australia, 4.3% of all cancers diagnosed in 2013 were attributable to overweight and obesity.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

While the life expectancy of cancer survivors has substantially improved over time in the United States, the extent to which cancer patients are cured is not known. Population-level cure patterns are important indicators to quantify cancer survivorships. This population-based cohort study included 8978,721 cancer patients registered in the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) databases between 1975 and 2018.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: While many high-income countries including Australia have successfully implemented a range of tobacco control policies, smoking remains the leading preventable cause of cancer death in Australia. We have projected Australian mortality rates for cancer types, which have been shown to have an established relationship with cigarette smoking and estimated numbers of cancer deaths attributable to smoking to 2044.

Methods: Cancer types were grouped according to the proportion of cases currently caused by smoking: 8%-30% and >30%.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Cancer Projections
  • : The study aims to project cancer incidence and mortality rates in Australia from 2020 to 2044, estimating new cases and deaths for all cancers combined and 21 specific types, considering factors like smoking and screening rates.
  • Methodology
  • : A statistical modeling approach was employed, using historical cancer data and tailored models to predict future trends, while also assessing the impact of COVID-19 treatment delays on colorectal cancer mortality.
  • Key Findings
  • : Projections suggest that the incidence rate of all cancers combined for males will decrease by 2044, while females' incidence rate will remain stable; however, mortality trends were not fully detailed in the provided text.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Lung cancer (LC) poses a significant risk, ranking as Australia's eighth most deadly cancer, particularly among never-smoking individuals, yet its risk factors are still unclear.
  • A study of over 267,000 Australians aged 45 and older analyzed various potential risk factors for LC in cancer-free, never-smokers, revealing that Asian-born participants have a notably higher risk.
  • The research indicates that ethnicity may play a crucial role in assessing LC risk, emphasizing the necessity to consider background when examining risk factors for never-smoking individuals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Household air pollution and secondhand tobacco smoke are known carcinogens for lung cancer, but large-scale estimates of the relationship with lung cancer mortality are lacking. Using the large-scale cohort China Kadoorie Biobank, we prospectively investigated associations between these two risk factors and lung cancer death among never-smokers. The Biobank recruited 512,715 adults aged 30-79 years from 10 regions in China during 2004-2008.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Prostate cancer (PC) risk factors were analyzed in a study involving over 107,000 men in Australia, examining data from health records and questionnaires.
  • Notable findings include increased PC risk with a family history of the disease, severe urinary symptoms, and previous vasectomy, while certain prescriptions for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and metformin appear to lower risk.
  • The study concludes that vasectomy and obesity increase the risk of advanced PC, while finding reduced risk linked to BPH and diabetes medications highlights the need for further research.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • The study analyzed trends in prostate cancer incidence, mortality rates, and 5-year relative survival in Australia, focusing on PSA screening and radical prostatectomy use.
  • Localized prostate cancer incidence rates showed a significant rise in 1994 and 2008, followed by a decline post-2008; meanwhile, survival rates improved from 58.4% to 91.3%.
  • The overall mortality rates for prostate cancer have decreased since the 1990s, suggesting that less frequent PSA screening has not negatively impacted patient outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Australia provides an ideal population-base for cancer migration studies because of its multicultural society and high-quality cancer registrations. Among migrant groups there is considerable variability in the incidence of infection-related cancers; thus, the patterns of three such cancers were examined among migrant groups relative to Australian-born residents.

Methods: Using national incidence data for cancers of the stomach, liver, and cervix diagnosed during 2005 to 2014, incidence rates were compared for selected migrant groups with the Australian-born population using incidence rate ratios (IRR), from a negative binomial regression model.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • A study analyzed mortality projections for colon and rectal cancers in Australia using data from the New South Wales Cancer Registry (NSWCR) instead of previous predictions from the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS), which had inconsistencies.
  • The projections indicate a steady decline in colon cancer mortality rates for both males (from 7.0 to 4.7 per 100,000) and females (from 5.3 to 3.2 per 100,000) from 2015 to 2040.
  • For rectal cancer, a similar decline is expected, with rates dropping from 4.9 to 3.7 per 100,000 in males and from 2.6 to 2
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Introduction: Women tend to survive a lung cancer diagnosis longer than men; however potential drivers of this sex-related disparity remain largely elusive. We quantified factors related to sex differences in lung cancer survival in a large prospective cohort in Australia.

Methods: Participants in the 45 and Up Study (recruited 2006-2009) diagnosed with incident lung cancer were followed up to December 2015.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Our study measures the impact of diagnosing cancers early before they metastasise on reducing the burden of cancer death. A cohort of 716 501 people aged 15 to 89 years diagnosed with a solid cancer in New South Wales, Australia, during 1985 to 2014 were followed-up to December 2015. Crude probabilities of cancer death by stage at diagnosis were calculated for all solid cancers combined and five individual cancers using flexible parametric relative survival models.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Purpose: We quantified the contributions of prognostic factors to socioeconomic disparities in colorectal cancer survival in a large Australian cohort.

Methods: The sample comprised 45 and Up Study participants (recruited 2006-2009) who were subsequently diagnosed with colorectal cancer. Both individual (education attained) and neighbourhood socioeconomic measures were used.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: fopen(/var/lib/php/sessions/ci_sessionoesvm1pfrqhahbsehfegbdcdlc7msfgo): Failed to open stream: No space left on device

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 177

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: session_start(): Failed to read session data: user (path: /var/lib/php/sessions)

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 137

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once