A novel treatment strategy for newly diagnosed high-grade T1 bladder cancer: Gemcitabine and cisplatin adjuvant chemotherapy-A single-institution experience.

Background: Management of high-grade T1 (formerly T1G3) bladder cancer continues to be controversial. Should patients with T1G3 bladder cancer have an immediate radical cystectomy or should they receive intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin-preserving bladder? Gemcitabine and cisplatin (GC) adjuvant chemotherapy may help to strike a balance between intravesical and early cystectomy. For purposes of this study, we continue to refer high-grade T1 lesion as "T1G3.

Enzymatic synthesis of glutathione using engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Two single gene cassettes, each containing one of the individual gene (γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase gene GSH1 or glutathione synthetase gene GSH2), were constructed under the control of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH1) promoter and their respective native terminators. The recombinant plasmids constructed with Kan (r) or Hyg (r) as the selective markers and were transformed into Saccharomyces cerevisiae separately and jointly. Three engineered strains, GSH1-enhanced strain S.