Meta-analysis of soluble tumour necrosis factor receptors in severe mental illnesses.

Tumour necrosis factor (TNF), as an innate immune defense molecule, functions through binding to TNF receptor 1 (TNFR1) or TNF receptor 2 (TNFR2). Peripheral levels of soluble TNFR1 (sTNFR1) and soluble TNFR2 (sTNFR2) were widely measured in severe mental illnesses (SMIs) including schizophrenia (SCZ), bipolar disorder (BD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) but inconsistencies existed. Hence, the present meta-analysis was conducted to identify the overall association between plasma/serum sTNFR1 and sTNFR2 levels and SMIs.

Effects of antipsychotics on antioxidant defence system in patients with schizophrenia: A meta-analysis.

Theory of oxidative stress is suggested in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. To determine the cause of impaired antioxidant defense system in schizophrenia, a meta-analysis was performed by selecting studies published from 1964 to 2021 from Pubmed and Scopus databases. Data were analysed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis version 2 and calculated effect sizes were compared between unmedicated and medicated patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls.

Blood-based oxidation markers in medicated and unmedicated schizophrenia patients: A meta-analysis.

Increased reactive species due to the effect of antipsychotics on oxidative stress may be involved in the development of schizophrenia. However, antipsychotics may have different direct antioxidant effects due to their chemical structures. The present meta-analysis aimed to investigate whether the cause increased oxidant status in schizophrenia patients is due to the illness or induction by antipsychotics.

8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine and Reactive Oxygen Species as Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Mental Illnesses: A Meta-Analysis.

Objective: Mental illnesses may be caused by genetic and environmental factors. Recent studies reported that mental illnesses were accompanied by higher oxidative stress level. However, the results were inconsistent.