Diversity of New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase-producing bacteria in China.

Objectives: The prevalence and dissemination of diverse NDM-producing bacteria in China was investigated.

Methods: We collected 1,162 isolates from 8 cities during December 2013∼May 2015 in China. The NDM-positive strains as well as the NDM genotypes in these sample were detected via Vitek 2 compact system (bioMérieux, France), 16S rRNA gene sequencing, PCR and an S1- pulsed-field gel electrophoresis assay and Southern blot hybridization.

Widespread Dissemination of Carbapenem-Resistant Escherichia coli Sequence Type 167 Strains Harboring blaNDM-5 in Clinical Settings in China.

This study reports the increasing prevalence of clinical Escherichia coli of sequence type 167 (ST167) carrying both blaNDM-1 and blaNDM-5 on the conjugative IncX3 plasmid in various parts of China. Close surveillance is needed to monitor the future dissemination of ST167 strains that harbor blaNDM-5 or other blaNDM-like genes.

Risk factors and outcomes of hospitalized patients with blood infections caused by multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii complex in a hospital of Northern China.

The purpose of this study was to determine the risk factors and outcomes of bloodstream infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii complex in a hospital of Northern China. Risk factors associated with MDR A baumannii complex included older age, pneumonia, using drainage catheters, and intensive care unit stay. Multivariate analysis showed that multidrug resistance and mechanical ventilation were identified as independent risk factors for 30-day mortality in patients with A baumannii complex bacteremia.

Application of PCR and High-Resolution Melting for Rapid Identification of Yeasts Routinely Isolated in a Clinical Microbiology Laboratory.

This study aimed to develop a method for rapid and accurate identification of yeasts obtained in the clinic, especially from immunocompromised patients, in order to provide a timely and appropriate antifungal therapy. A total of 112 Candida isolates were analyzed in this study; 28 of them were used to validate the PCR-HRM method in species identification in a blinded manner. Strains were identified by conventional techniques that use VITEK 2 YST cards and Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS).

First report of New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase 5 (NDM-5)-producing Escherichia coli from blood cultures of three leukemia patients.

We report the first occurrence of New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase 5 (NDM-5) in carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli isolated from blood cultures of three leukemia patients in northern China. These patients had at some time been hospitalized in the hematology department of the same hospital. All isolates were ST167 with identical pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns, suggesting a likely hospital transmission.

Analysis of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus major clonal lineages by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS).

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is an important pathogen associated with nosocomial infections in many countries. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) is one of the genetic typing methods used to type MRSA with a high discriminatory power, however, it is labor-intensive, timely, and costly. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) coupled with ClinProTools is a potential tool to discover biomarker peaks and to generate a classification model based on highly sophisticated mathematical algorithms to discriminate clonal lineages.

Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL)-positive health care-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates are associated with skin and soft tissue infections and colonized mainly by infective PVL-encoding bacteriophages.

The emergence of Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL)-positive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a public health concern worldwide. PVL is associated with community-associated MRSA and is linked to skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs). However, PVL genes have also been detected in health care-associated (HA) MRSA isolates.

Molecular mechanism of fluoroquinolones resistance in Mycoplasma hominis clinical isolates.

To evaluate the molecular mechanism of fluoroquinolones resistance in Mycoplasma hominis (MH) clinical strains isolated from urogenital specimens. 15 MH clinical isolates with different phenotypes of resistance to fluoroquinolones antibiotics were screened for mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining regions (QRDRs) of DNA gyrase (gyrA and gyrB) and topoisomerase IV (parC and parE) in comparison with the reference strain PG21, which is susceptible to fluoroquinolones antibiotics. 15 MH isolates with three kinds of quinolone resistance phenotypes were obtained.

Molecular and phenotypic evidence for the spread of three major methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clones associated with two characteristic antimicrobial resistance profiles in China.

Objectives: The distribution of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) clones is dynamic and geographically unique. To understand the changing epidemiology of MRSA infections in China, we performed a prospective, multicity surveillance study with molecular typing and phenotypic analysis to determine the association of major prevalent clones with their antimicrobial resistance profiles.

Methods: A total of 517 S.

Transition mutations in 23S rRNA account for acquired resistance to macrolides in Ureaplasma urealyticum.

Objective: To study the mechanisms of acquired resistance of Ureaplasma urealyticum (Uu) to Macrolide antibiotics.

Methods: Eighteen strains of Uu clinical isolates with different phenotypes of resistance to Macrolide antibiotics were screened for mutations in 23S rRNA in comparison with the reference strain ATCC 27618 and AF272627-1 in GenBank, which is susceptible to Macrolide antibiotics.

Results: Compared to the sequence of reference strains ATCC 27618 and AF272627-1, three transitions were found in 23S rRNA of Uu clinical isolates with acquired resistance to Macrolide antibiotics.

[The inhibitory action of the antisense oligodeoxynucleotide to the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor by radiotherapy in a prostate cancer cell line].

Objectives: To investigate mechanism for the increasing level of serum vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) in tumour patients during radiotherapy and the inhibitory action of the antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (AS-ODN) to the expression of VEGF protein by radiotherapy in the prostate cancer cell line (PC3M).

Methods: To observe the changes of serum VEGF in the prostate cancer patients during radiotherapy dynamically and the inhibitory action of the antisense oligodeoxynucleotide to the expression of VEGF by radiotherapy in PC3M.

Results: The changes of serum VEGF in three patients receiving radiotherapy had been observed continuously.