Characterization of iso-LSD metabolism using human liver microsomes in comparison to LSD and its applicability as urinary biomarker for LSD consumption.

Urinalysis of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) poses a challenge due to its rapid metabolism, resulting in little to no LSD detectable in urine. Instead, its primary metabolite, 2-oxo-3-hydroxy-LSD, is predominantly detected. In this study, we observed several urine profiles with iso-LSD detected together with 2-oxo-3-hydroxy-LSD.

Qualitative Confirmation of 94 New Psychoactive Substances and Metabolites in Urine Using Liquid Chromatography Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry.

Numerous methods and techniques have been published for the identification of new psychoactive substances (NPS) and their metabolites in urine. However, there lacks a holistic approach to analyze different groups of NPS and their metabolites with decision points for reporting their use. In this study, data-dependent acquisition workflow using liquid chromatography--quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry was developed and validated for the identification of a total of 94 NPS and metabolites in urine using the established decision points.