Artificial Intelligence-Empowered Multistep Integrated Radiation Therapy Workflow for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.

Purpose: To establish an artificial intelligence (AI)-empowered multistep integrated (MSI) radiation therapy (RT) workflow for patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and evaluate its feasibility and clinical performance.

Methods And Materials: Patients with NPC scheduled for MSI RT workflow were prospectively enrolled. This workflow integrates RT procedures from computed tomography (CT) scan to beam delivery, all performed with the patient on the treatment couch.

Modified atmosphere packaging maintains stem quality of Chinese flowering cabbage by restraining postharvest lignification and ROS accumulation.

In this study, the impact of modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) on quality, lignin biosynthesis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism, and microstructures of stem in Chinese flowering cabbages was investigated. Compared with control, MAP treatment retained higher content of protein, total soluble solid, and vitamin C, while lower weight loss rate, carbon dioxide (CO) production rate, electrolyte leakage, firmness and hollowing of stems. Lignin content in MAP-treated stems was 1.

Insight of immune checkpoint inhibitor related myocarditis.

As the understanding of immune-related mechanisms in the development and progression of cancer advances, immunotherapies, notably Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors (ICIs), have become integral in comprehensive cancer treatment strategies. ICIs reactivate T-cell cytotoxicity against tumors by blocking immune suppressive signals on T cells, such as Programmed Death-1 (PD-1) and Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte Antigen-4 (CTLA-4). Despite their beneficial effects, ICIs are associated with immune-related adverse events (irAEs), manifesting as autoimmune side effects across various organ systems.

The kynurenine pathway regulated by intestinal innate lymphoid cells mediates postoperative cognitive dysfunction.

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a prevalent neurological complication that can impair learning and memory for days, months, or even years after anesthesia/surgery. POCD is strongly associated with an altered composition of the gut microbiota (dysbiosis), but the accompanying metabolic changes and their role in gut-brain communication and POCD pathogenesis remain unclear. Here, the present study reports that anesthesia/surgery in aged mice induces elevated intestinal indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) expression and activity, which shifts intestinal tryptophan (TRP) metabolism toward more IDO-catalyzed kynurenine (KYN) and less gut bacteria-catabolized indoleacetic acid (IAA).

Gut-lung axis and asthma: A historical review on mechanism and future perspective.

Background: Gut microbiota are closely related to the development and regulation of the host immune system by regulating the maturation of immune cells and the resistance to pathogens, which affects the host immunity. Early use of antibiotics disrupts the homeostasis of gut microbiota and increases the risk of asthma. Gut microbiota actively interact with the host immune system via the gut-lung axis, a bidirectional communication pathway between the gut and lung.

CD36-mediated podocyte lipotoxicity promotes foot process effacement.

Background: Lipid metabolism disorders lead to lipotoxicity. The hyperlipidemia-induced early stage of renal injury mainly manifests as podocyte damage. CD36 mediates fatty acid uptake and the subsequent accumulation of toxic lipid metabolites, resulting in podocyte lipotoxicity.

Progress of lymphocyte activation gene 3 and programmed cell death protein 1 antibodies for cancer treatment: A review.

The application of immune checkpoint inhibitors has proven to be an effective treatment for cancer. Immune checkpoints such as programmed cell death protein 1/programmed cell death protein 1 ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1), cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4), T-cell immunoglobulin-3 (TIM-3), T-cell immunoglobulin and ITIM domain (TIGIT), and lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG-3) have received extensive attention, and the efficacy of antibodies or inhibitors against these checkpoints (either alone or in combination) has been evaluated in many tumors. This paper provides a brief overview of the PD-1 and LAG-3 checkpoints, and then shifts focus to the combined use of PD-1 and LAG-3 antibodies in both in vivo and in vitro experiments.

Identification of two new species and a new host record of (Distoseptisporaceae, Distoseptisporales, Sordariomycetes) from terrestrial and freshwater habitats in Southern China.

During our investigation of saprophytic fungi in Guizhou and Hainan provinces, China, three hyphomycetes were collected from terrestrial and freshwater habitats. Based on morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses of combined ITS, LSU, 1-α, and 2 sequence data, two new species are introduced: and . Additionally, one known species, , previously unreported from , is newly reported.

Analysis of Individualized Silicone Rubber Bolus Using Fan Beam Computed Tomography in Postmastectomy Radiotherapy: A Dosimetric Evaluation and Skin Acute Radiation Dermatitis Survey.

To investigate the dosimetric effects of using individualized silicone rubber (SR) bolus on the target area and organs at risk (OARs) during postmastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT), as well as evaluate skin acute radiation dermatitis (ARD). A retrospective study was performed on 30 patients with breast cancer. Each patient was prepared with an individualized SR bolus of 3 mm thickness.

Pelagibacterium flavum sp. nov., Isolated from Soil Sample.

A Gram-stain-negative, yellow, moist and circular, aerobic, motile, and rod-shaped bacterium, designated YIM 151497, was isolated from soil sample collected from Blue-Bridge, Weizhou Island, Guangxi province, China. Classification using a polyphasic approach suggested that strain YIM 151497 belonged to the genus Pelagibacterium, and was closely relevant to Pelagibacterium nitratireducens JLT2005 (98.8%), Pelagibacterium halotolerans CGMCC 1.

gen. nov., sp. nov., a new member of the family , isolated from a marine sediment of the South China Sea.

A Gram-stain-negative, catalase-positive and oxidase-positive, nonmotile, aerobic, light yellow, spherical-shaped bacterial strain with no flagella, designated strain YIM 152171, was isolated from sediment of the South China Sea. Colonies were smooth and convex, light yellow and circular, and 1.0-1.

Regulated intestinal microbiota and gut immunity to ameliorate type 1 diabetes mellitus: A novel mechanism for stem cell-based therapy.

Although stem cell transplantation is an effective strategy in the treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), the mechanisms underlying its therapeutic effects remain unclear. We hypothesized that stem cells target gut microbiota and intestinal mucosal immunity to promote therapeutic effects against T1DM. We investigated the effects of human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) on intestinal microbiota and mucosal immunity in streptozotocin-induced T1DM mice.

Morphophylogenetic evidence reveals four new fungal species within Tetraplosphaeriaceae (Pleosporales, Ascomycota) from tropical and subtropical forest in China.

Tetraplosphaeriaceae (Pleosporales, Ascomycota) is a family with many saprobes recorded from various hosts, especially bamboo and grasses. During a taxonomic investigation of microfungi in tropical and subtropical forest regions of Guizhou, Hainan and Yunnan provinces, China, several plant samples were collected and examined for fungi. Four newly discovered species are described based on morphology and evolutionary relationships with their allies inferred from phylogenetic analyses derived from a combined dataset of LSU, ITS, SSU, and DNA sequence data.

Role of exosome-derived miRNAs in diabetic wound angiogenesis.

Chronic wounds with high disability are among the most common and serious complications of diabetes. Angiogenesis dysfunction impair wound healing in patients with diabetes. Compared with traditional therapies that can only provide symptomatic treatment, stem cells-owing to their powerful paracrine properties, can alleviate the pathogenesis of chronic diabetic wounds and even cure them.

sp. nov. and sp. nov., two novel species of the genus isolated from faeces of primates.

Two Gram-stain positive, aerobic, short-rod-shaped, catalase-positive, oxidase-negative and non-motile strains, designated YIM 101343 and YIM 101645, were isolated from faeces of and respectively. The results of 16S rRNA gene analysis indicated that both represented members of the genus and they shared a similarity of 98.0 % with each other.

Two new fungal genera () found on in Thailand.

is a species-rich order of fungi that includes endophytes, saprobes, and pathogens associated with forest plants and crops. They may also occur as parasites or secondary invaders of plant tissues injured or infected by other organisms or inhabit living animal and human tissues, as well as soil. Meanwhile, some severe pathogens wipe out large-scale cultivations of profitable crops, timber monocultures, and forests.

[Characterization of Ambient Volatile Organic Compounds, Source Apportionment, and the Ozone-NO-VOC Sensitivities in Liucheng County, Guangxi].

Liucheng county, as a suburb of Liuzhou City in Guangxi province, has a prominent ozone (O) pollution problem; however, there have been no relevant analyses of the cause of local O pollution reported. In order to investigate the causes of O pollution, an online observation of 116 VOCs with a time resolution of 1 h was carried out in Liucheng county from October 1 to 15, and the sensitivity of ozone to the relative changes in the NO and VOCs was analyzed. The results showed that the average value of ［total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs)］ during the observation period was 27.

Acinetobacter faecalis Sp. Nov., Isolated from Elephant Faeces.

A Gram-negative coccobacillus, YIM 103518, isolated from wild elephant feces in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, West China, was characterized and identified using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. The strain was strictly aerobic, non-motile, catalase-positive and oxidase-negative, colonies were round, convex, smooth, and pale yellow. The strain growth at 4-40 ℃ (optimum, 28 ℃), pH 6.

Acinar ATP8b1/LPC pathway promotes macrophage efferocytosis and clearance of inflammation during chronic pancreatitis development.

Noninflammatory clearance of dying cells by professional phagocytes, termed efferocytosis, is fundamental in both homeostasis and inflammatory fibrosis disease but has not been confirmed to occur in chronic pancreatitis (CP). Here, we investigated whether efferocytosis constitutes a novel regulatory target in CP and its mechanisms. PRSS1 transgenic (PRSS1) mice were treated with caerulein to mimic CP development.

Clinical study on multi-focused laser in the treatment of vulvar lichen sclerosus.

Objective: To investigate the clinical effect of Multi-focused (MF) laser in the treatment of vulvar lichen sclerosus (VLS).

Methods: In this single-center, randomized controlled trial, we compared the effect of fractionated MF laser with other treatments on patients with biopsy-proven VLS. Patients with VLS were enrolled in this study and randomly divided into three groups.

Early pregnancy exposure to beta-cypermethrin compromises endometrial decidualisation in mice via downregulation of cyclin D3, CDK4/6, and p21.

Beta-cypermethrin (β-CYP) is a highly effective broad-spectrum insecticide that can potentially affect female reproduction. However, little is known about the effect of β-CYP on uterine decidualisation, which is a vital process by which the uterus provides a suitable microenvironment for pregnancy maintenance. Therefore, we focused on the effect and mechanism of β-CYP on endometrial decidualisation during early pregnancy in mice.

Facile design and synthesis of a nickel disulfide/zeolitic imidazolate framework-67 composite material with a robust cladding structure for high-efficiency supercapacitors.

In this paper, a core-shell structure nickel disulfide and ZIF-67 composite electrode material (NiS/ZIF-67) was synthesized by a two-step method. Firstly, spherical NiS was synthesized by a hydrothermal method, dispersed in methanol, then reacted and coated by adding cobalt ions and 2-methylimidazole to obtain the NiS/ZIF-67 core-shell composite. The NiS/ZIF-67 composite shows a high specific capacitance (1297.