Study on Influence of Mechanical Behavior of AZ31 Magnesium Alloy Based on GTN Damage Modeling.

Damage mechanisms are a key factor in materials science and are essential for understanding and predicting the behavior of materials under complex loading conditions. In this paper, the influence of different directions, different rates and different model parameters on the mechanical behavior of AZ31 magnesium alloy during the tensile process is investigated based on the secondary development of the VUMAT user subroutine based on the GTN damage model and verified by the tensile experiments at different loading rates and in different directions. The results show that AZ31 magnesium alloy exhibits significant differences in mechanical properties in radial and axial stretching, where the yield strength is lower in the radial direction than in the axial direction, and the elongation is the opposite.

Associations of the Charlson comorbidity index with depression and mortality among the U.S. adults.

Background: Chronic comorbidities are often associated with higher risks of depression and mortality. This study aims to explore the relationships between the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) and depression, and their combined effect on mortality.

Methods: This study made use of data gathered in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2007 to 2018, including a collective of 23,927 adult participants.

Advanced Strategies for Strengthening the Immune Activation Effect of Traditional Antitumor Therapies.

The utilization of traditional therapies (TTS), such as chemotherapy, reactive oxygen species-based therapy, and thermotherapy, to induce immunogenic cell death (ICD) in tumor cells has emerged as a promising strategy for the activation of the antitumor immune response. However, the limited effectiveness of most TTS in inducing the ICD effect of tumors hinders their applications in combination with immunotherapy. To address this challenge, various intelligent strategies have been proposed to strengthen the immune activation effect of these TTS, and then achieve synergistic antitumor efficacy with immunotherapy.

De novo transcriptome assembly database for 100 tissues from each of seven species of domestic herbivore.

Domesticated herbivores are an important agricultural resource that play a critical role in global food security, particularly as they can adapt to varied environments, including marginal lands. An understanding of the molecular basis of their biology would contribute to better management and sustainable production. Thus, we conducted transcriptome sequencing of 100 to 105 tissues from two females of each of seven species of herbivore (cattle, sheep, goats, sika deer, horses, donkeys, and rabbits) including two breeds of sheep.

Planar-structured thiadiazoloquinoxaline-based NIR-II dye for tumor phototheranostics.

Second near-infrared (NIR-II) fluorescence imaging shows huge application prospects in clinical disease diagnosis and surgical navigation, while it is still a big challenge to exploit high performance NIR-II dyes with long-wavelength absorption and high fluorescence quantum yield. Herein, based on planar π-conjugated donor-acceptor-donor systems, three NIR-II dyes (TP-DBBT, TP-TQ1, and TP-TQ2) were synthesized with bulk steric hindrance, and the influence of acceptor engineering on absorption/emission wavelengths, fluorescence efficiency and photothermal properties was systematically investigated. Compared with TP-DBBT and TP-TQ2, the TP-TQ1 based on 6,7-diphenyl-[1,2,5]thiadiazoloquinoxaline can well balance absorption/emission wavelengths, NIR-II fluorescence brightness and photothermal effects.

Nanoplatform-based strategies for enhancing the lethality of current antitumor PDT.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) exhibits great application prospects in future clinical oncology due to its spatiotemporal controllability and good biosafety. However, the antitumor efficacy of PDT is seriously hindered by many factors, including tumor hypoxia, limited light penetration ability, and strong defense mechanisms of tumors. Considering that it is difficult to completely solve the first two problems, enhancing the lethality of antitumor PDT has become a good idea to extend its clinical application.

Tumor-Targeting Multiple Metabolic Regulations for Bursting Antitumor Efficacy of Chemodynamic Therapy.

Interfering with intratumoral metabolic processes is proven to effectively sensitize different antitumor treatments. Here, a tumor-targeting catalytic nanoplatform (CQ@MIL-GOX@PB) loading with autophagy inhibitor (chloroquine, CQ) and glucose oxidase (GOX) is fabricated to interfere with the metabolisms of tumor cells and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), then realizing effective antitumor chemodynamic therapy (CDT). Once accumulating in the tumor site with the navigation of external biotin, CQ@MIL-GOX@PB will release Fe ions and CQ in the acid lysosomes of tumor cells, the latter can sensitize Fe ions-involved antitumor CDT by blocking the autophagy-dependent cell repair.

Tumor Microenvironment-Induced Drug Depository for Persistent Antitumor Chemotherapy and Immune Activation.

Herein, a drug-loading nanosystem that can in situ form drug depository for persistent antitumor chemotherapy and immune regulation is designed and built. The system (DOX@MIL-LOX@AL) is fabricated by packaging alginate on the surface of Doxorubicin (DOX) and lactate oxidase (LOX) loaded MIL-101(Fe)-NH nanoparticle, which can easily aggregate in the tumor microenvironment through the cross-linking with intratumoral Ca. Benefiting from the tumor retention ability, the fast-formed drug depository will continuously release DOX and Fe ions through the ATP-triggered slow degradation, thus realizing persistent antitumor chemotherapy and immune regulation.

Melatonin disturbed rumen microflora structure and metabolic pathways .

In studies, it has been found that the effects of MLT on rumen microorganisms and metabolites can change the rumen flora structure, significantly inhibit the relative abundance of harmful and improve the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria. MLT may regulate the "arginine-glutathione" pathway, "phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis-tryptophan generation" branch, "tryptophan-kynurenine" metabolism, and "tryptophan-tryptamine-serotonin" pathway through microorganisms.

MXene-Based Functional Platforms for Tumor Therapy.

Recently, 2D transition metal carbide, nitride, and carbonitrides (MXenes) materials stand out in the field of tumor therapy, particularly in the construction of functional platforms for optimal antitumor therapy due to their high specific surface area, tunable performance, strong absorption of near-infrared light as well as preferable surface plasmon resonance effect. In this review, the progress of MXene-mediated antitumor therapy is summarized after appropriate modifications or integration procedures. The enhanced antitumor treatments directly performed by MXenes, the significant improving effect of MXenes on different antitumor therapies, as well as the MXene-mediated imaging-guided antitumor strategies are discussed in detail.

Variational Nested Dropout.

Nested dropout is a variant of dropout operation that is able to order network parameters or features based on the pre-defined importance during training. It has been explored for: I. Constructing nested nets Cui et al.

Impact of the COVID-19 Outbreak on Disease Spectrum of Pediatric Intensive Care Units.

Purpose: We aimed to analyze the changes in the disease spectrum data of a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) in Nanjing, China, during the COVID-19 outbreak and explore a feasible plan for the treatment of critically ill children.

Methods: This retrospective study used data from our PICU from 1 January 2018 to 31 December 2020. Patient demographics, distribution of disease spectrum, results of etiological examinations, and the PICU length of stay (LOS) were compared during the COVID-19 period (2020) and the previous years (2018 and 2019).

Controllable Fabrication of Molecularly Imprinted Microspheres with Nanoporous and Multilayered Structure for Dialysate Regeneration.

Adsorption of urea from dialysate is essential for wearable artificial kidneys (WRK). Molecularly imprinted microspheres with nanoporous and multilayered structures are prepared based on liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS), which can selectively adsorb urea. In addition, we combine the microspheres with a designed polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) chip to propose an efficient urea adsorption platform.

Simple and rapid detection of calcium peroxide in flour based on methanobactin peroxidase-like activity.

Calcium peroxide is forbidden to be added to flour as brightener in many countries. A rapid and sensitive spectrophotometric method for the detection of calcium peroxide in flour was proposed. Methanobactin (Mb), a copper-binding small peptide of methanotrophs with excellent peroxidase-like activity, has been successfully applied for HO-mediated co-oxidation between phenol and 4-aminoantipyrine to give a colored product that can be detected at 505 nm.

Ruminal Microbes Exhibit a Robust Circadian Rhythm and Are Sensitive to Melatonin.

Gut hormones are not only able to regulate digestive, absorptive, and immune mechanisms of the intestine through biological rhythms, but impact the host through their interactions with intestinal microorganisms. Whether hormones in ruminal fluid have an association with the ruminal ecology is unknown. Objectives of the study were to examine relationships between the diurnal change in ruminal hormones and microbiota in lactating cows, and their associations and .

Simultaneous Determination of Albendazole and Its Three Metabolites in Pig and Poultry Muscle by Ultrahigh-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Fluorescence Detection.

A fast, simple and efficient ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence detection (UPLC-FLD) method for the determination of residues of albendazole (ABZ) and its three metabolites, albendazole sulfone (ABZ-SO), albendazole sulfoxide (ABZ-SO), and albendazole-2-aminosulfone (ABZ-2NH-SO), in pig and poultry muscle (chicken, duck and goose) was established. The samples were extracted with ethyl acetate, and the extracts were further subjected to cleanup by utilizing a series of liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) steps. Then, extracts were purified by OASIS PRiME hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) solid-phase extraction (SPE) cartridges (60 mg/3 mL).

Molecular dynamics study on the relationship between phase transition mechanism and loading direction of AZ31.

To develop and design mg-based nanoalloys with excellent properties, it is necessary to explore the forming process. In this paper, to explore the effect of different loading directions on the phase transformation of magnesium alloy, the model of AZ31 magnesium alloy was established, the process of Uniaxial Compression (UC) of magnesium alloy in different directions was simulated, the changes of atomic position and phase structure were observed, and the phase transformation mechanism of AZ31 magnesium alloy under uniaxial compression under different loading directions was summarized. The conclusions are as follows: the stress and strain, potential energy and volume change, void evolution, phase structure change and dislocation evolution of magnesium alloy are consistent, and there is no significant difference.

Accelerating Monte Carlo Bayesian Prediction via Approximating Predictive Uncertainty Over the Simplex.

Estimating the predictive uncertainty of a Bayesian learning model is critical in various decision-making problems, e.g., reinforcement learning, detecting the adversarial attack, self-driving car.

[Soil phosphorus forms and phosphorus solubilizing bacteria distribution after restoration from seriously burning in Greater Khingan Mountain areas, China].

To understand the contents of various phosphorus forms, phosphorus solubilizing bacte-rial community structure and the relationship between them in soils after restoration from the seriously burning, we collected soil samples from artificial restoration (Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica plantation, Larix gmelinii plantation), artificial accelerated natural restoration (secondary forest) and natural restoration (natural secondary forest) stands in Greater Khingan Mountain area. Using methods of Sui et al.

Artificial Dermis Composite Tissue Flaps versus Traditional Prefabricated Flaps.

Objective: We compared the application of artificial dermis composite tissue flaps and traditional prefabricated flaps in a rat model of exposed bone and tendon injury.

Methods: Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups (n = 40 per group). Group A rats received artificial dermis composite tissue flaps and group B rats received traditional prefabricated flaps.

Differences in inflammatory marker patterns for adult community-acquired pneumonia patients induced by different pathogens.

Introduction: The inflammatory marker patterns of community-acquired Pneumonia (CAP) induced by different microorganisms in adult patients remained unclear.

Objectives: We aim to explore the inflammatory marker patterns of adult CAP patients induced by different pathogens.

Methods: Adult CAP patients with definite etiologies were enrolled from September 2010 to June 2012.

Faster super-resolution imaging of high density molecules via a cascading algorithm based on compressed sensing.

This paper proposes a cascading algorithm (CSR) based on compressed sensing, which aims to reduce intensive computations in super-resolution imaging of fluorescence microscopy. Performance of existing algorithms such as CVX and L1H drop sharply when applied to obtain finer images with high density molecules. CSR fully exploits the extreme sparsity property of molecules in the compressed sensing model and progressively restricts solution space stage by stage.