Response of soil organic carbon and soil aggregate stability to changes in land use patterns on the Loess Plateau.

Land use change can significantly alter the proportion of soil aggregates, thereby influencing aggregate stability and distribution of soil organic carbon (SOC). However, there is minimal research on the variations in the distribution of soil aggregates, aggregate stability, and SOC in soil aggregates following land use change from farmland (FL) to forest and grassland in the Loess Plateau region of China. Select six land use patterns (farmland (FL), abandoned cropland (ACL), Medicago sativa (MS), natural grassland (NG), Picea asperata Mast.

Nonlinear relationship between diabetes mellitus duration and diabetic retinopathy.

To investigate the non-linear relationship between diabetes mellitus (DM) duration and the development of diabetic retinopathy (DR). By investigating the association between these variables, our goal is to contribute to the existing knowledge regarding the impact of DM duration on the development and severity of DR. A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 420 patients in the Department of Endocrinology at Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, who had undergone ophthalmic consultations from December 2017 to November 2018.

Posaconazole nanocrystals dry powder inhalers for the local treatment of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis.

Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis poses a significant threat to immunocompromised patients, characterized by high mortality rates. Posaconazole (PSZ), a second-generation triazole antifungal, exhibits broad-spectrum activity but suffers from limited pulmonary concentrations and notable systemic side effects when administered orally or intravenously. This study focuses on optimizing PSZ nanocrystals-agglomerated particles for dry powder inhalers (DPIs) to enhance solubility, dissolution rates, and pulmonary deposition, ultimately improving therapeutic efficacy while minimizing systemic adverse effects.

Insight into the Efficient Selective Reduction of Cr(VI) in Sulfite/UV Process under Near-Neutral Conditions: The Critical Role of In Situ-Generated Sulfite Radical.

Efficient removal of contaminants in complex water matrices under mild conditions is highly desirable but still challenging. In this study, we unraveled the overlooked but crucial role of sulfite radical (SO) in the efficient selective reduction of toxic Cr(VI) under near-neutral conditions. Fast removal of Cr(VI) at around pH 7 in sulfite/UV was found to be attributable to high reactivity of SO toward HCrO (∼5.

Optimizing Paclitaxel Oral Absorption and Bioavailability: TPGS Co-Coating via Supercritical Anti-Solvent Fluidized Bed Technology.

Supercritical anti-solvent fluidized bed (SAS-FB) coating technology has the advantages of reducing particle size, preventing high surface energy particle aggregation, improving the dissolution performance and bioavailability of insoluble drugs. The poor solubility of Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) class IV drugs poses challenges in achieving optimal bioavailability. Numerous anti-cancer drugs including paclitaxel (PTX) belong to the BCS class IV, hindering their therapeutic efficacy.

Intramolecular generation of endogenous Cu(III) for selectively self-catalytic degradation of Cu(II)-EDTA from wastewater by UV/peroxymonosulfate.

HO/SO-based advanced oxidation processes for the decomplexation of heavy metal-organic complexes usually encounter poor efficiency in real scenarios. Herein, we reported an interesting self-catalyzed degradation of Cu(II)-EDTA with high selectivity in UV/peroxymonosulfate (PMS). Chemical probing experiments and competitive kinetic analysis quantitatively revealed the crucial role of in situ formed Cu(III).

MOF-derived CeO/CoO-FeO@CC nanocomposites as highly sensitive electrochemical sensor for bisphenol A detection.

A novel CeO/CoO-FeO@CC electrode derived from CeCo-MOFs was developed for detecting the endocrine disruptor bisphenol A (BPA). Firstly, bimetallic CeCo-MOFs were prepared by hydrothermal method, and obtained material was calcined to form metal oxides after doping Fe element. The results suggested that hydrophilic carbon cloth (CC) modified with CeO/CoO-FeO had good conductivity and high electrocatalytic activity.

Multiple roles of UV/KMnO in cyanobacteria containing water treatment: Cell inactivation & removal, and microcystin degradation.

Cyanobacterial blooms present great challenges to drinking water treatment and human health. The novel combination of potassium permanganate (KMnO) and ultraviolet (UV) radiation is engaged as a promising advanced oxidation process in water purification. This study investigated the treatment of a typical cyanobacteria, Microcystis aeruginosa by UV/KMnO.

Generation mechanism of singlet oxygen from the interaction of peroxymonosulfate and chloride in aqueous systems.

Peroxymonosulfate (PMS, HSO) is a widely-used disinfectant and oxidant in environmental remediation. It was deemed that PMS reacted with chloride (Cl) to form free chlorine during water purification. Here, we demonstrated that singlet oxygen (O) was efficiently generated from PMS and Cl interaction.

A newly-designed free-standing NiCoO nanosheet array as effective mediator to activate peroxymonosulfate for rapid degradation of emerging organic pollutant with high concentration.

Nowadays effective treatment of high concentration organic wastewater is still a formidable task facing human beings. Herein, for the first time, a well-defined ZIF-67-derived NiCoO nanosheet array was successfully prepared by a feasible method. In comparison with ordinary NiCoO nanosphere, the formation of nanosheet structure could offer more opportunities to exposure internal active sites of NiCoO, thereby resulting in smaller interface resistance and higher charge transfer efficiency.

Efficient removal of Cr(VI) at alkaline pHs by sulfite/iodide/UV: Mechanism and modeling.

Efficient removal of toxic hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) under alkaline conditions is still a challenge due to the relatively low reactivity of CrO. This study proposed a new sulfite/iodide/UV process to remove Cr(VI). The removal of Cr(VI) followed pseudo-zero-order kinetics at alkaline pHs, and was enhanced by sulfite and iodide with synergy.

Fabrication of 3D self-supported MoS-Co-P/nickel foam electrode for adsorption-electrochemical removal of Cr(Ⅵ).

Electrochemistry is considered to be one of the most efficient and environment-friendly methods for removing highly toxic Cr (Ⅵ). In this study, a 3D self-supported MoS-Co-P/nickel foam (NF) electrode was prepared via a calcination-hydrothermal process to remove the Cr (Ⅵ) in aqueous medium. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis indicated that the pine-needle-like CoP nanoneedle and flower-like MoS nanosheets were successfully loaded on the three-dimensional (3D) framework of NF, which provided abundant active sites.

Thiourea Dioxide Coupled with Trace Cu(II): An Effective Process for the Reductive Degradation of Diatrizoate.

Diatrizoate, a refractory ionic iodinated X-ray contrast media (ICM) compound, cannot be efficiently degraded in a complex wastewater matrix even by advanced oxidation processes. We report in this research that a homogeneous process, thiourea dioxide (TDO) coupled with trace Cu(II) (several micromoles, ubiquitous in some wastewater), is effective for reductive deiodination and degradation of diatrizoate at neutral pH values. Specifically, the molar ratio of iodide released to TDO consumed reached 2 under ideal experimental conditions.

Insights into the effects of bromide at fresh water levels on the radical chemistry in the UV/peroxydisulfate process.

Bromide (Br) is a typical scavenger to sulfate radical (SO) and hydroxyl radical (HO), which simultaneously forms secondary reactive bromine species (RBS) such as Br and Br. This study investigated the effects of Br at fresh water levels (~μM) on the radical chemistry in the UV/peroxydisulfate (UV/PDS) process by combining the degradation kinetics of probe compounds (nitrobenzene, metronidazole, and benzoate) with kinetic model. Br at 1 - 50 μM promoted the conversion from SO to HO and RBS in the UV/PDS process.

A pilot study of blood supply of the coracoid process and the coracoid bone graft after Latarjet osteotomy.

Latarjet osteotomy is still one of the most reliable and commonly used surgeries in treating recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation. The coracoid process (CP) is the main structure of this surgery. However, the blood supply of CP is not fully understood, and the extent of destruction of blood supply of coracoid bone graft after Latarjet osteotomy procedure is still controversial.

The impact of automatic video auditing with real-time feedback on the quality and quantity of handwash events in a hospital setting.

Background: Poor quality handwashing contributes to the spread of nosocomial infections. We investigate the impact of automatic video auditing (AVA) with feedback on the quality and quantity of handwashing in a hospital setting.

Methods: AVA systems were mounted over all handwash sinks in a surgical unit.

Degradation of metronidazole by UV/chlorine treatment: Efficiency, mechanism, pathways and DBPs formation.

Metronidazole (MET) is a widely used antibiotic but is recalcitrant in aquatic environment. This study investigated elimination of MET by UV/chlorine process systematically. The degradation of MET in the process well fitted pseudo first-order kinetics.

Overlooked Role of Peroxides as Free Radical Precursors in Advanced Oxidation Processes.

Research efforts on advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have long been focused on the fundamental chemistry of activation processes and free radical reactions. Little attention has been paid to the chemistry of the precursor oxidants. Herein, we found that the precursor oxidants could lead to quite different outcomes.

Autocatalytic Decomplexation of Cu(II)-EDTA and Simultaneous Removal of Aqueous Cu(II) by UV/Chlorine.

Traditional processes usually cannot enable efficient water decontamination from toxic heavy metals complexed with organic ligands. Herein, we first reported the removal of Cu(II)-EDTA by a UV/chlorine process, where the Cu(II)-EDTA degradation obeyed autocatalytic two-stage kinetics, and Cu(II) was simultaneously removed as CuO precipitate. The scavenging experiments and EPR analysis indicated that Cl accounted for the Cu(II)-EDTA degradation at diffusion-controlled rate (∼10 M s).

Comparison of the UV/chlorine and UV/HO processes in the degradation of PPCPs in simulated drinking water and wastewater: Kinetics, radical mechanism and energy requirements.

The degradation of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) by the UV/HO and UV/chlorine processes was compared at practical concentrations in simulated drinking water and wastewater. In pure water, the UV/chlorine process performed better than the UV/HO process for the degradation of 16 PPCPs among the investigated 28 PPCPs under neutral conditions. Interestingly, the UV/chlorine approach was superior to the UV/HO approach for the removal of all PPCPs in simulated drinking water and wastewater at the same molar oxidant dosage.

Kinetics and mechanisms of the degradation of PPCPs by zero-valent iron (Fe°) activated peroxydisulfate (PDS) system in groundwater.

The abatement of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs), including carbamazepine (CBZ), acetaminophen (ACP) and sulfamethoxazole (SMX), by zero-valent iron (Fe°) activated peroxydisulfate (PDS) system (Fe°/PDS) in pure water and groundwater was investigated. The removal rates of CBZ, ACP and SMX were 85.4%, 100% and 73.