Dissolved organic matter in complex shale gas wastewater analyzed with ESI FT-ICR MS: Typical characteristics and potential of biological treatment.

Knowledge on the composition and characteristics of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in complex shale gas wastewater (SGW) is critical to evaluate environmental risks and to determine effective management strategies. Herein, five SGW samples from four key shale gas blocks in the Sichuan Basin, China, were comprehensively characterized. Specifically, FT-ICR MS was employed to provide insights into the sources, composition, and characteristics of SGW DOM.

Green and sustainable method of manufacturing anti-fouling zwitterionic polymers-modified poly(vinyl chloride) ultrafiltration membranes.

The nonsolvent induced phase separation (NIPS) method for ultrafiltration (UF) membrane fabrication relies on the extensive use of traditional solvents, thus ranking first in terms of ecological impacts among all the membrane fabrication steps. Methyl-5-(dimethylamino)-2-methyl-5-oxopentanoate (PolarClean), as a green solvent, was utilized in this study to fabricate poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) UF membranes. Subsequently, in post-treatment process, zwitterionic polymer, [2-(methacryloyloxy) ethyl] dimethyl-(3-sulfopropyl) ammonium hydroxide (DMAPS), was grafted onto the membrane surface to enhance its anti-fouling properties using a greener surface-initiated activator regenerated by electron transfer-atom transfer radical polymerization (ARGET-ATRP) reaction.

Syngas production from air-steam gasification of biomass with natural catalysts.

Biomass has a great potential for production of syngas and chemicals; however, it has stood in the shadow of natural gas (NG) and coal due to technical problems and issues such as tar formation. In this paper, syngas production from catalytic air-steam gasification of biomass in a fluidized bed was investigated. To enhance the yield of produced syngas and reduce its tar content by cracking, limestone, calcined dolomite, and olivine were used as catalyst.