Topical application of 666-15, a potent inhibitor of CREB, alleviates alkali-induced corneal neovascularization.

Corneal neovascularization (CNV) is a dynamically regulated process that arises due to a disruption in the equilibrium between pro-angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors. Various cytokines are released by vascular endothelial cells and macrophages in damaged cornea, ultimately inducing CNV. The cAMP-response element-binding protein (CREB), a nuclear transcription factor, potentially impacts tumor angiogenesis by modulating the secretion of angiogenic proteins.

Development and validation of a nomogram for predicting the need for concomitant endoscopic septoplasty during endonasal endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy.

Background: Simultaneous endoscopic septoplasty is often required during endonasal endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (En-DCR) to improve access to the lacrimal sac and potentially optimize surgical success rates. In current practice, the decision to proceed to concomitant endoscopic septoplasty during En-DCR in patients with primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction (PANDO) is determined by anterior rhinoscopy and nasal endoscopic examination. However, none of these methods can be used to quantitatively assess the severity of septal deviation to determine the need for concomitant endoscopic septoplasty during En-DCR.

Nasolacrimal duct rhinostomy for low-level nasolacrimal duct obstruction:long-term outcomes and surgical selection paradigm.

Propose: This study aims to present long-term outcomes in a specific patient population experiencing epiphora due to low-level nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO) following endonasal endoscopic nasolacrimal duct rhinostomy, and to propose a surgical selection paradigm for varying locations of NLDO.

Methods: Between September 1, 2017 and February 28, 2023, a retrospective analysis was conducted on 26 patients diagnosed with primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction (PANDO) who underwent endonasal endoscopic nasolacrimal duct rhinostomy for low-level NLDO (defined as obstruction below the plane of the superior border of the inferior turbinate attachment). The study assessed surgical success through objective measures of anatomical patency and subjective measures of functional patency during a postoperative follow-up period of at least six months.

Deciphering the impact of aging on splenic endothelial cell heterogeneity and immunosenescence through single-cell RNA sequencing analysis.

Background: Aging is associated with significant structural and functional changes in the spleen, leading to immunosenescence, yet the detailed effects on splenic vascular endothelial cells (ECs) and their immunomodulatory roles are not fully understood. In this study, a single-cell RNA (scRNA) atlas of EC transcriptomes from young and aged mouse spleens was constructed to reveal age-related molecular changes, including increased inflammation and reduced vascular development and also the potential interaction between splenic endothelial cells and immune cells.

Results: Ten clusters of splenic endothelial cells were identified.

Dry eye and decreased tear film stability in primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction patients.

Purpose: Exploring the prevalence of dry eye (DE) and the changes of tear film stability in patients with primary acquired obstruction of the nasolacrimal duct (PANDO).

Methods: In this cross-sectional, observational study, 370 eyes in 223 patients with PANDO were assessed. The ocular surface disease index (OSDI) was used to evaluate ocular surface symptoms, and the Keratograph 5M non-invasive ocular surface analyser was used to assess ocular surface parameters.

Clinical utility of digital radiography dacryocystography for preoperative assessment in nasolacrimal duct obstruction prior to endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy.

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical usefulness of digital radiography dacryocystography in patients with primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction prior to endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy.

Methods: All dacryocystography images from 129 patients with primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction were analyzed. Each group was assessed for postoperative epiphora severity using Munk's score via telephone follow-up three years post-surgery.

Localized light chain amyloidosis involving the lacrimal sac: A case report.

Amyloidosis involving the lacrimal sac is extremely rare. In this study, we demonstrated a rare case of localized light chain amyloidosis in the lacrimal sac region. The lacrimal sac lesion presented as infiltrative with bony erosion.

CT-Measured Angulation Between the Frontal Bone and Bony Nasolacrimal Duct: Variations in Obstructed and Healthy Lacrimal Ducts.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze the characteristics of CT-measured intersection angle (FB-BNLD) between the frontal bone and bony nasolacrimal duct and to provide suggestions for treating primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction (PANDO) patients in West China.

Methods: Three hundred and nine participants' CT were, respectively, evaluated with RadiAnt DICOM Viewer. We defined the FB-BNLD angle >0° as the anterior type and the FB-BNLD angle ≤0° as the posterior type.

Modified Conjoint Fascial Sheath and Levator Muscle Complex Suspension for the Correction of Simple Severe Congenital Ptosis in Pediatrics and the Effect on Refractive Status.

Purpose: To evaluate the outcomes of modified combined fascia sheath and levator muscle complex suspension to correct severe congenital ptosis in pediatrics and the effect on refractive status.

Methods: This prospective, case series study enrolled patients (aged ≤18 years) with simple severe congenital ptosis at Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center. All patients were treated with combined fascia sheath + levator muscle suspension and followed up for 3 months.

Quality of Vision in Eyes with Chronic Dacryocystitis After Endoscopic Dacryocystorhinostomy.

Purpose: To assess the quality of vision (QOV) of patients with chronic dacryocystitis and explore the impact of endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (En-DCR) on patients' QOV, with the aim of increasing clinicians' attention to the potential QOV changes in patients with chronic dacryocystitis.

Patients And Methods: Chronic dacryocystitis patients who attended the Department of Oculoplastics, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University from January 2022 to June 2022 and had En-DCR were included. The QOV was evaluated preoperatively and postoperatively using the Quick-contrast sensitivity function test (qCSF) and the OPD ScanIII comprehensive visual quality analyser, and the contrast sensitivity function (CSF), higher-order aberrations (HOAs), and modulation transfer function (MTF) data were recorded.

Mitochondria of intestinal epithelial cells in depression: Are they at a crossroads of gut-brain communication?

The role of gut dysbiosis in depression is well established. However, recent studies have shown that gut microbiota is regulated by intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) mitochondria, which has yet to receive much attention. This review summarizes the recent developments about the critical role of IEC mitochondria in actively maintaining gut microbiota, intestinal metabolism, and immune homeostasis.

Microbial distributions in the conjunctiva and lacrimal sacs of patients with chronic dacryocystitis in a tertiary hospital.

Background: The aim was to clarify the distributions of bacteria in the conjunctival sac and lacrimal sac in patients with chronic dacryocystitis.

Methods: In total, 297 (322 eyes) chronic dacryocystitis patients who underwent nasal endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (EN-DCR) were included. Conjunctival sac secretions from the affected eye were collected preoperatively, and lacrimal sac retention fluid from the affected side in the same patient was collected intraoperatively.

Application effect of an artificial intelligence-based fundus screening system: evaluation in a clinical setting and population screening.

Background: To investigate the application effect of artificial intelligence (AI)-based fundus screening system in real-world clinical environment.

Methods: A total of 637 color fundus images were included in the analysis of the application of the AI-based fundus screening system in the clinical environment and 20,355 images were analyzed in the population screening.

Results: The AI-based fundus screening system demonstrated superior diagnostic effectiveness for diabetic retinopathy (DR), retinal vein occlusion (RVO) and pathological myopia (PM) according to gold standard referral.

Efficacy and safety of super pulse CO2 laser-assisted punctoplasty with canalicular curettage in primary canaliculitis.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of super pulse CO laser-assisted punctoplasty with canalicular curettage in primary canaliculitis. In this retrospective serial case study, the clinical data of 26 patients who underwent super pulse CO laser-assisted punctoplasty for the treatment of canaliculitis were collected from January 2020 to May 2022. The clinical presentation, intraoperative and microbiologic findings, surgical pain severity, postoperative outcome, and complications were studied.

Preclinical Evaluation of Zr-Panitumumab for Biology-Guided Radiation Therapy.

Purpose: Biology-guided radiation therapy (BgRT) uses real-time line-of-response data from on-board positron emission tomography (PET) detectors to guide beamlet delivery during therapeutic radiation. The current workflow requires F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) administration daily before each treatment fraction. However, there are advantages to reducing the number of tracer injections by using a PET tracer with a longer decay time.

A simple and efficient technique for suturing and knotting during endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy.

Purpose: This study evaluated the long-term outcomes of endoscopic suturing and knotting-dacryocystorhinostomy (eSK-DCR) without the use of a stent or mitomycin C.

Methods: A prospective interventional case series was performed on patients with nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO) who underwent eSK-DCR at Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center from October 2019 to December 2019. The surgeon sutured the lacrimal sac mucosa with the nasal mucosa by tying knots under endoscopic DCR.

On the knowledge of solitary juvenile xanthogranuloma of the eyelid: a case series and literature review.

Purpose: Solitary eyelid juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG) is extremely rare, and there is limited literature on its clinical features and treatment outcomes. Here, we present a case series and comprehensive review of the literature on patients with isolated eyelid JXG.

Methods: We systematically extracted data from our institution's records of isolated eyelid JXG cases and conducted a search for additional cases from the literature utilising the PubMed, Wanfang, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases.

Risk factors for persistent epiphora following successful canalicular laceration repair.

Aim: To identify the risk factors of epiphora in patients with anatomical patency after surgical repair of canalicular laceration.

Methods: This retrospective case series included 178 cases of canalicular laceration repair from 2005 to 2012. Demographic data collected from each patient included age, sex, type of injury, distance from the distal lacerated end of the canaliculus to the punctum, the severity score for the structural abnormity of the medial canthus, the duration of stent placement, and the timing of surgery.

Bacterial agents and changes in drug susceptibilities in cases of chronic dacryocystitis, Southern China.

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the susceptibility and the changes of bacterial agents of chronic dacryocystitis and determine the risk factors for bacterial prevalence and drug sensitivity to provide a reference for clinical selection of antibiotics.

Methods: A case-control study was conducted using 112 patients with chronic dacryocystitis and 112 patients with non-infectious ophthalmopathy between August 2017 and April 2018. Lacrimal and conjunctival sac secretions were cultured for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.

Effect of congenital blepharoptosis on corneal biomechanical properties and changes after ptosis surgery.

Objectives: We studied the difference in the corneal biomechanical parameters of ptotic and fellow eyes in patients with congenital blepharoptosis. The correlations between corneal biomechanical parameters and demographic or ocular parameters, and the changes after surgery were also researched.

Methods: The corneal biomechanical parameters were measured by Corvis ST tonometry.

A Modified Preserved Nasal and Lacrimal Flap Technique in Endoscopic Dacryocystorhinostomy.

Here we describe a modified preserved nasal and lacrimal mucosal flap technique in endonasal endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (EES-DCR) for patients with epiphora secondary to primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction (PANDO) and evaluate its outcomes. Twenty-five patients with PANDO were retrospectively reviewed. Modified preserved nasal and lacrimal mucosal flap technique in EES-DCR was applied in all 27 eyes of 25 patients.

A new method for identifying the cut ends in canalicular laceration.

To locate the proximal and distal cut ends of the canaliculus following trauma is the most difficult part of canalicular repair, especially in patients with complex acute canalicular lacerations and late presenting canalicular lacerations. Previously, irrigation and air-injection technique are reported and widely used to locate the cut ends of lacerated canaliculus. However, we have developed a novel technique in which with a 23 Ga fiber optic light pipe is used to identify the cut ends of the canaliculus allowing silicone tube intubation of the lacrimal system.

Retinal Vessel Oxygen Saturation and Vessel Diameter in Inactive Graves Ophthalmopathy.

Purpose: To investigate whether inactive thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) affects retinal oxygen saturation and/or vessel diameter.

Methods: Via an observational case-control study, retinal circulation was measured in patients with inactive TAO (mild, moderate, and severe) and normal subjects by retinal oximetry. Complete ophthalmologic examination, including noncontact tonometry and Hertel exophthalmometry, was performed; history of smoking and dysthyroid disease were recorded.

Toric intraocular lens vs. peripheral corneal relaxing inci- sions to correct astigmatism in eyes undergoing cataract surgery.

Purpose: To compare toric intraocular lens implantation (Toric-IOL) with peripheral corneal relaxing incisions (PCRIs) for astigmatism correction in patients undergoing cataract surgery.

Methods: 54 patients (54 eyes) with more than 0.75 diopter (D) of preexisting corneal astigmatism were classified as group A (0.