C3 glomerulopathy associated with mycoplasma pneumoniae infection and positive IgA staining.

Background: Patients with C3 glomerulopathy (C3G) often have a history of infection, which implies that infection may lead to abnormal activation of the complement alternative pathway (CAP) and induce the development of C3G. However, patients with postinfectious glomerulonephritis (PIGN) often have a low serum C3 concentration and positive glomerular C3 staining, consistent with the activation of the CAP. PIGN, especially if it involves simultaneous IgA deposition, is often difficult to differentiate from C3G.

Clinical significance of hyperuricaemia in biopsy-proven diabetic kidney disease ━ a single-centre retrospective study.

Aims: Hyperuricaemia is associated with the development of Diabetic kidney disease (DKD). However, the mechanism of hyperuricaemia causing the progression of DKD remain unclear.

Methods: This is a single-centre retrospective study.

Urine PLA2R Antibody Detection in Hazard Stratification of PLA2R-Associated Membranous Nephropathy.

Context.—: M-type phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) is the major autoantigen of membranous nephropathy (MN). As the specific antibodies of MN, the correlation between serum PLA2R antibody (sPLA2R-Ab) levels and PLA2R-associated MN (PMN) risk stratification is still controversial.

Co-occurrence of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1 and glomerulosclerosis in a patient with a de novo INF2 variant.

Background: Renal disease is associated with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT), a common inherited neurological disorder. Three forms of CMT have been identified: CMT1 of the demyelinating type, CMT2 of the axonal defect type, and intermediate type (Int-CMT). INF2 is an important target for variants that cause the complex symptoms of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and CMT.

Heterozygous Gnaq deficiency enhances Ifi202b/IFI16 and NF-κB activation in endothelial cells and exacerbates lupus nephritis pathology.

Lupus nephritis (LN), a severe complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), exhibits significant heterogeneity. Recent evidence suggests that non-immune factors contribute to end-organ damage, challenging the traditional view of LN solely arising from immune dysregulation. To investigate this, we employed autoimmune-prone mice receiving intraperitoneal pristane injections.

Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking, and Experimental Verification to Reveal the Mitophagy-Associated Mechanism of Tangshen Formula in the Treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy.

Purpose: This study investigated the mechanism of TSF in treating DN through network pharmacology, molecular docking, and experimental validation.

Methods: To identify critical active ingredients, targets, and DN genes in TSF, multiple databases were utilized for screening purposes. The drug-compound-target network was constructed using Cytoscape 3.

MAPK1 Mediates MAM Disruption and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Diabetic Kidney Disease via the PACS-2-Dependent Mechanism.

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Mitochondrial dysfunction in renal tubules, occurring early in the disease, is linked to the development of DKD, although the underlying pathways remain unclear. Here, we examine diabetic human and mouse kidneys, and HK-2 cells exposed to high glucose, to show that high glucose disrupts mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membrane (MAM) and causes mitochondrial fragmentation.

Clinical significance of exostosin 1 in confirmed and suspected lupus membranous nephropathy.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the clinical significance of exostosin 1 (EXT1) in confirmed and suspected lupus membranous nephropathy (LMN).

Methods: EXT1 was detected in 67 renal tissues of M-type phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R)-negative and ANA-positive membranous nephropathy by immunohistochemistry, and cases were divided into confirmed LMN and suspected LMN. The clinicopathological data were compared among the above groups, as well as EXT1-positive group and EXT1-negative group.

Celastrol attenuates diabetic nephropathy by upregulating SIRT1-mediated inhibition of EZH2related wnt/β-catenin signaling.

Proteinuria is an independent risk factor for the progression of diabetic nephropathy (DN) and an imbalance in podocyte function aggravates proteinuria. Celastrol is the primary active ingredient of T. wilfordii, effective in treating DN renal injury; however, the mechanisms underlying its effect are unclear.

[Clinical Significance of Thrombospondin Type 1 Domain-Containing 7A and Neural Epidermal Growth Factor-Like 1 Protein in M-Type Phospholipase A2 Receptor-Negative Membranous Nephropathy].

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of thrombospondin type 1 domain-containing 7A (THSD7A) and neural epidermal growth factor-like 1 protein (NELL1) in phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R)-negative membranous nephropathy (MN). Methods A total of 116 PLA2R-negative MN patients treated in Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University from 2014 to 2021 were enrolled in this study.Immunohistochemistry was employed to detect THSD7A and NELL1 in the renal tissue.

Mitofusin2 expression is associated with podocyte injury in IgA nephropathy.

Background: Podocyte injury is associated with IgA nephropathy (IgAN) prognosis. Mitochondrial dysfunction is a major contributor to podocyte injury and death. Mitofusin2 (Mfn2) plays an important role in regulating the morphology and function of mitochondria.

The significance of galactose-deficient immunoglobulin A1 staining in kidney diseases with IgA deposition.

Background: This study investigated the significance of galactose-deficient immunoglobulin A1 staining in kidney diseases with IgA deposition.

Methods: A total of 120 patients with IgA-dominant deposition in kidney tissues were enrolled and divided into four groups: primary IgA nephropathy (PIgAN), secondary IgA nephropathy (SIgAN), monotypic IgA nephropathy (MIgAN), and IgA variant monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance (IgA-MGRS). KM55 (the antibody of galactose-deficient immunoglobulin A1), IgA subtypes, and complement pathway factors (properdin, C4d, and C1q) were detected through immunofluorescence or immunohistochemistry analysis.

[Clinical Significance of IgG4 Level in Predicting the Activity and Outcome of Phospholipase A2 Receptor-associated Membranous Nephropathy].

Objective To investigate the feasibility of IgG4 as a biomarker of the activity and outcome of phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R)-associated membranous nephropathy (PLA2R-MN). Methods Serum and urine samples were collected from 56 patients with PLA2R-MN,13 patients with secondary membranous nephropathy (SMN),and 10 patients with primary IgA nephropathy (IgAN) when kidney biopsy was performed in the Department of Nephrology,Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from April 2017 to January 2018.Sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was employed to measure the serum and urinary IgG4 levels.

Celastrol attenuates renal injury in 5/6 nephrectomized rats via inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition and transforming growth factor-β1/Smad3 pathway.

Renal injury is an important factor in the development of chronic kidney diseases that pathologically manifested as renal fibrosis and podocyte damage. In the disease state, renal fibroblasts lead to high expression levels of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), while podocytes undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transition, leading to proteinuria. Celastrol, a bioactive compound in the medicinal plant Tripterygium wilfordii, was found to delay the progression of early diabetic nephropathy and attenuate renal fibrosis in mice with unilateral ureteral obstruction.

IgG subclass deposition in diabetic nephropathy.

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the distribution of IgG subclass in diabetic nephropathy (DN) and its association with clinicopathological features.

Methods: This is a single-center retrospective study enrolling 108 patients with biopsy-proven DN. Immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry staining were applied, and clinicopathological features and renal outcomes were compared between patients with different patterns or categories of IgG subclass deposition.

BMSC-derived exosomes protect against kidney injury through regulating klotho in 5/6 nephrectomy rats.

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the renoprotective effects of exosomes derived from rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs) in a rat model of 5/6 nephrectomy (Nx)-induced chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Methods: A rat model of 5/6 Nx-induced CKD was established using conventional method. rBMSC-derived exosomes were isolated using ultracentrifugation and characterized.

Tetrandrine alleviates podocyte injury via calcium-dependent calpain-1 signaling blockade.

Background: Podocytes have become a crucial target for interventions in proteinuric kidney diseases. Many studies have reported that overexpression of transient receptor potential cation channel protein 6 (TRPC6) in podocyte injury upregulates intracellular Ca influx and stimulates Ca-dependent protease calpain-1 signaling. The traditional Chinese drug, tetrandrine, a nonselective Ca channel blocker, has long been used to treat chronic kidney disease.

Co-existence of Alport syndrome and C3 glomerulonephritis in a proband with family history.

Background: Alport syndrome and C3 glomerulonephritis (C3GN) are rare kidney diseases, frequently responsible for familial haematuria, proteinuria, and renal impairment. With the rapid development of molecular genetic testing, Alport syndrome causes have been restricted mostly to variants in the COL4A5 or COL4A3/COL4A4 genes. Moreover, a broad range of genetic contributors in the complement and complement-regulating proteins are definitely implicated in the pathogenesis of C3GN.

Clinicopathological characteristics of patients with paraproteinemia and renal damage.

Background: This study aimed to analyze the clinicopathological characteristics of patients with paraproteinemia and renal damage.

Methods: Ninety-six patients from 2014 to 2018 with paraproteinemia and renal damage were enrolled and the clinical data, renal pathology, treatment and prognosis data were collected.

Results: A total of 96 patients (54 male and 42 female), accounting for 2.

TET2 mediated demethylation is involved in the protective effect of triptolide on podocytes.

The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is usually considered the central mechanism of podocyte injury that eventually leads to proteinuria. We used an TGF-β1 induced podocyte EMT model and an rat focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) model to uncover the mechanism underlying the protective effect of triptolide (TP) on podocytes. We found that TP could reverse the podocyte EMT process and upregulate the expression of TET2 in the TGF-β1-induced podocyte injury model.

Tetrandrine Suppresses Transient Receptor Potential Cation Channel Protein 6 Overexpression- Induced Podocyte Damage via Blockage of RhoA/ROCK1 Signaling.

Objective: Podocyte damage is common in many renal diseases characterized by proteinuria. Transient receptor potential cation channel protein 6 (TRPC6) plays an important role in renal function through its regulation of intracellular Ca influx and RhoA/ROCK pathways. Chinese herb , with the main active component being tetrandrine, has been used for the treatment of various kidney diseases for several years and has shown a positive effect.

The protective effect of Phellinus linteus decoction on podocyte injury in the kidney of FSGS rats.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the effect of the Phellinus linteus (Mesima) decoction on podocyte injury in a rat model of focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and evaluate the potential mechanisms.

Methods: FSGS resembling primary FSGS in humans was established in rats by uninephrectomy and the repeated injection of doxorubicin. The FSGS rats were randomly divided into the model group, low-dose group of P.