Optimization of Hydrogenobyrinic Acid Synthesis in a Cell-Free Multienzyme Reaction by Novel -Adenosyl-methionine Regeneration.

Hydrogenobyrinic acid, a modified tetrapyrrole composed of eight five-carbon compounds, is a key intermediate and central framework of vitamin B. Synthesis of hydrogenobyrinic acid requires eight -adenosyl-methionine working as the methyl group donor catalyzed by 12 enzymes including six methyltransferases, causing the great shortage of -adenosyl-methionine and accumulation of -adenosyl-homocysteine, which is uneconomic and unsustainable for the cascade reaction. Here, we report a cell-free synthetic system for producing hydrogenobyrinic acid by integrating 12 enzymes using 5-aminolevulininate as a substrate and develop a novel -adenosyl-methionine regeneration system to steadily supply -adenosyl-methionine and avoid the accumulated inhibition of -adenosyl-homocysteine by consuming a cheaper substrate (l-methionine and polyphosphate).

Remediation of lindane contaminated soil by fluidization-like dielectric barrier discharge.

This study proposed the fluidization-like dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma for the remediation of lindane contaminated soil and integrated physical and chemical reaction pathway. Soil particle distribution within the reactor was simulated with Euler-Euler and Gidaspow drag models, and a bipolar pulsed power supply was applied to energize the DBD reactor after full fluidized. The effect of soil particles movement on electric features was discussed in terms of voltage waveforms and Lissajous figures.

Understanding the role of self-organizations in disaster relief during COVID-19: A case study from the perspective of co-production.

This article examines the role of self-organizations, the spontaneous emergence of order in natural and physical systems in disaster relief during the outbreak of COVID-19 in Wuhan China. By investigating a selection of involved self-organizations, it adopts a co-production perspective by focusing on two cases during the process of delivering emergency responses with the government and citizens to combat the health crisis. Observations and case analysis have found that both government and citizen channel play a role in delivering disaster responses.

A new cinnamic acid derivative from plant-derived endophytic fungus Pyronema sp.

Ten secondary metabolites (1-10) including a new 4-hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives, methyl 2-{(E)-2-[4-(formyloxy)phenyl]ethenyl}-4-methyl-3-oxopentanoate (1), and nine known compounds (2-10) were isolated from an EtOAc extract derived from a solid rice medium of endophytic fungal strain Pyronema sp. (A2-1 & D1-2). Their structures were elucidated from NMR and HRMS data.

Two new steroidal glycosides with unique structural feature of 14α-hydroxy-5β-steroids from Reineckia carnea.

Two new steroidal glycosides (1-2) were isolated from the roots of Reineckia carnea, together with three known compounds (3-5). Their structures were determined on the basis of chemical methods and spectral data. Compounds 1-2 were the unique steroidal glycosides possessing structural feature of 14α-hydroxy-5β-steroids, and compounds 4-5 were isolated from R.

Effect of Culture Conditions on Metabolite Production of Xylaria sp.

Seeking a strategy for triggering the cryptic natural product biosynthesis to yield novel compounds in the plant-associated fungus Xylaria sp., the effect of culture conditions on metabolite production was investigated. A shift in the production of five known cytochalasin-type analogues 1-5 to six new α-pyrone derivatives, xylapyrones A-F (compounds 6-11), from a solid to a liquid medium was observed.

Pestalafuranones F-J, five new furanone analogues from the endophytic fungus Nigrospora sp. BM-2.

Five new 2(5H)-furanone-type derivatives, pestalafuranones F-J (compounds 3-7), together with two known compounds, pestalafuranones A (1) and B (2), were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract from the fermentation broth of the endophytic fungus Nigrospora sp. BM-2 in a hypersaline medium. The structures of these metabolites were elucidated by EIMS, HREIMS and NMR spectroscopic data.

Fusaodavinvin, a novel metabolite containing sulfur from the endophytic fungus Fusarium sp. (CTGU-ZL-34).

A novel metabolite containing sulfur, fusaodavinvin (1), was isolated from an endophytic fungus Fusarium sp.(CTGU-ZL-34), together with seven known compounds 2-8, and their structures were elucidated by NMR spectroscopy and MS. This is the first record of 3-(2R-hydroxyl-1-one-propane)-indole (compound 2) from nature.

Saccharothrix yanglingensis sp. nov., an antagonistic endophytic actinomycete isolated from cucumber plant.

An endophytic actinomycete strain, designated Hhs.015(T), was isolated from roots of cucumber seedlings. The endophytic isolate was identified by means of a polyphasic taxonomic approach.