Characteristics concerning the evolution of dissolved organic matter and dynamics of bacterial community during continuous thermophilic composting of oxytetracycline fermentation residue.

Continuous thermophilic composting (CTC) is a potential technique to recycle oxytetracycline fermentation residue (OFR) with the extremely high level of antibiotics but is still not explored. To investigate the efficiency of CTC on treating OFR, the differences between this technique and conventional composting in the evolution of dissolved organic matter and dynamics of bacterial community were compared. The higher degradation efficiency of oxytetracycline (OTC) was obtained in CTC than conventional composting.

Medical exposure to micro(nano)plastics: An exposure pathway with potentially significant harm to human health that should not be overlooked.

Micro(nano)plastics (MNPs) are an emerging type of contaminants that are widely present in the environments that people live in. MNPs can enter the human body in a variety of pathways, but the three main ones are through dietary intake, air inhalation, and skin contact. However, it has been discovered that medical plastics used in medical activities also pose potential risks to MNPs exposure as exposure pathways are continuously refined and clarified.

Unusual Geometric and Electronic Structures at Domain Boundaries in a Heterochiral Charge Density Wave Superlattice.

Domain boundaries (DBs) in charge density wave (CDW) systems not only are important for understanding the mechanism of how CDW interplays with other quantum phases but also have potential for future CDW-based nanodevices. However, current research on DBs in CDW materials has been mainly limited to those between homochiral CDW domains, whereas DBs between heterochiral CDW domains, especially in the atomic layers, remain largely unexplored. Here, we have studied the geometric and electronic states of heterochiral DBs in single-layer and bilayer 1T-NbSe using scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy.

Off-Label Use of Mycophenolate Mofetil in Immunoglobulin A Nephropathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Introduction: Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) is widely used off-label in patients with immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN), although the literature does not consistently agree on its efficacy and safety.

Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, CENTRAL, CNKI, VIP, Wanfang Data, and SinoMed from their inception to August 2023. We included randomized controlled trials that enrolled patients of IgAN who received MMF treatment and compared effects with placebo or as an add-on therapy to usual care.

Functional characterization of prenyltransferases involved in de novo synthesis of isoprenoids in the leaf beetle Monolepta hieroglyphica.

Prenyltransferases play a pivotal role in the isoprenoid biosynthesis and transfer in insects. In the current study, two classes of prenyltransferases (MhieFPPS1 and MhieFPPS2, MhiePFT-β and MhiePF/GGT-α) were identified in the leaf beetle, Monolepta hieroglyphica. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that MhieFPPS1, MhieFPPS2, MhiePFT-β and MhiePF/GGT-α were clustered in one clade with homologous in insects.

Female-Biased Odorant Receptor MmedOR48 in the Parasitoid Broadly Tunes to Plant Volatiles.

Odorant receptors (ORs) play a crucial role in insect chemoreception. Here, a female-biased odorant receptor MmedOR48 in parasitoid was fully functionally characterized. The qPCR analysis suggested that the expression level of 48 increased significantly after adult emergence and was expressed much more in the antennae.

Developments in the field of intestinal toxicity and signaling pathways associated with rodent exposure to micro(nano)plastics.

The broad spread of micro(nano)plastics (MNPs) has garnered significant attention in recent years. MNPs have been detected in numerous human organs, indicating that they may also be hazardous to humans. The toxic effects of MNPs have been demonstrated in marine species and experimental animals.

Scientific Discovery Framework Accelerating Advanced Polymeric Materials Design.

Organic polymer materials, as the most abundantly produced materials, possess a flammable nature, making them potential hazards to human casualties and property losses. Target polymer design is still hindered due to the lack of a scientific foundation. Herein, we present a robust, generalizable, yet intelligent polymer discovery framework, which synergizes diverse capabilities, including the in situ burning analyzer, virtual reaction generator, and material genomic model, to achieve results that surpass the sum of individual parts.

[Application of mixed reality technology in free fibular flap transplantation for repairing mandibular defects].

Objective: To explore the feasibility and effectiveness of mixed reality technology for localizing perforator vessels in the repair of mandibular defects using free fibular flap.

Methods: Between June 2020 and June 2023, 12 patients with mandibular defects were repaired with free fibular flap. There were 8 males and 4 females, with an average age of 61 years (range, 35-78 years).

Dynamic In Vitro Gastric Digestion Behaviour of Commercial Infant Formulae Made with Cow, Goat and Sheep Milk.

There are a wide range of commercial infant formulae available on the market. These are made using milk from different species, such as goat, sheep, and cow. The different protein compositions of these milks and the process used during infant-formulae manufacture, such as heat treatment, may impact the digestion of nutrients.

Rational Lithium Salt Molecule Tuning for Fast Charging/Discharging Lithium Metal Battery.

The electrolytes for lithium metal batteries (LMBs) are plagued by a low Li transference number (T) of conventional lithium salts and inability to form a stable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). Here, we synthesized a self-folded lithium salt, lithium 2-[2-(2-methoxy ethoxy)ethoxy]ethanesulfonyl(trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide (LiETFSI), and comparatively studied with its structure analogue, lithium 1,1,1-trifluoro-N-[2-[2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy)]ethyl]methanesulfonamide (LiFEA). The special anion chemistry imparts the following new characteristics: i) In both LiFEA and LiETFSI, the ethylene oxide moiety efficiently captures Li, resulting in a self-folded structure and high T around 0.

Hazard evaluation of forest combustibles based on the correlation between pyrolysis products and combustion parameters.

Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) sourced by the forest fire release are emerging as significant contributors. Despite their increasing importance, the impact of forest fires on POPs remains inadequately explored and an unclear understanding. Herein, the research, choosing four typical forest combustibles, focuses on the relationship between typical POPs and wildfire parameters by assessing the predominant compounds and their concentration in POPs emissions from such fuels through molecular-level analysis.

Salvianolic Acid B Alleviates High Glucose-Induced Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Inflammation by Upregulating the miR-486a-5p Expression.

The macrovascular complications of diabetes cause high mortality and disability in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The inflammatory response of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) runs through its pathophysiological process. Salvianolic acid B (Sal B) exhibits beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system.

Functional characterization of a geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase in the leaf beetle Monolepta hieroglyphica.

Geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase (GGPPS) as the short-chain prenyltransferases for catalyzing the formation of the acyclic precursor (E)-GGPP has been extensively investigated in mammals, plants, and microbes, but its functional plasticity is poorly understood in insect species. Here, a single GGPPS in leaf beetle Monolepta hieroglyphica, MhieGGPPS, was functionally investigated. Phylogenetic analysis showed that MhieGGPPS was clustered in one clade with homologs and had six conserved motifs.

Micro(nano)plastics in human urine: A surprising contrast between Chongqing's urban and rural regions.

Microplastics (100 nm-5 mm) and nanoplastics (<100 nm) collectively referred to as micro(nano)plastics (MNPs), which are emerging pollutants all over the world. Environmental differences affect its distribution. The content of MNPs differs between urban and rural environments, according to previous studies.

The Effect of Sintering on Zirconia Manufactured via Suspension-Enclosing Projection Stereolithography for Dental Applications: An In Vitro Study.

Background: Zirconia is a widely used material in the dental industry due to its excellent mechanical and aesthetic properties. Recently, a new 3D printing process called suspension-enclosing projection stereolithography (SEPS) was introduced to fabricate zirconia dental restorations. However, the effect of the sintering time and temperature on the properties of zirconia produced via SEPS has not been fully investigated.

A transcriptomic taxonomy of mouse brain-wide spinal projecting neurons.

The brain controls nearly all bodily functions via spinal projecting neurons (SPNs) that carry command signals from the brain to the spinal cord. However, a comprehensive molecular characterization of brain-wide SPNs is still lacking. Here we transcriptionally profiled a total of 65,002 SPNs, identified 76 region-specific SPN types, and mapped these types into a companion atlas of the whole mouse brain.

Dynamic expression analysis of peripheral blood derived small extracellular vesicle miRNAs in sepsis progression.

Immune disorders caused by sepsis have recently drawn much attention. We sought to dynamically monitor the expression of small extracellular vesicle (sEV) miRNAs in peripheral blood during sepsis to explore these miRNAs as potential biomarkers for monitoring immune function in sepsis patients. This study included patients with sepsis.