Vasopressin drives aberrant myeloid differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells, contributing to depression in mice.

Psychological stress is often linked to depression and can also impact the immune system, illustrating the interconnectedness of mental health and immune function. Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) can directly sense neuroendocrine signals in bone marrow and play a fundamental role in the maintenance of immune homeostasis. However, it is unclear how psychological stress impacts HSCs in depression.

Changes in Fecal Short-Chain Fatty Acids in IBS Patients and Effects of Different Interventions: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Context: Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) have been reported to be associated with the pathogenesis of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), but the results are conflicting.

Objective: Here, a systematic review of case-control studies detecting fecal SCFAs in IBS patients compared with healthy controls (HCs) and self-controlled studies or randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating fecal SCFA alterations after interventions were identified from several databases.

Data Sources: A systematic search of databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase) identified 21 studies published before 24 February 2023.

Case report: Treatment-resistant depression with acute psychosis in an adolescent girl with Cushing's syndrome.

Cushing's syndrome (CS) is a rare disease with multiple somatic signs and a high prevalence of co-occurring depression. However, the characteristics of depression secondary to CS and the differences from major depression have not been described in detail. In this case, we report a 17-year-old girl with treatment-resistant depression with a series of atypical features and acute psychotic episodes, which is a rare condition secondary to CS.

Mucin Binding Protein of Inhibits HT-29 Colorectal Cancer Cell Proliferation.

Many strains are reported to exhibit anti-proliferative effects on colorectal cancer cells; however, the mechanism remains largely unknown. While there has been considerable interest in bacterial small metabolites such as short chain fatty acids, prior reports suggested that larger-sized molecules mediate the anti-proliferative effect of . Here, other possible ways of communication between gut bacteria and its host are investigated.

Mechanistic Insights of Copper Catalyzed Trifluoromethyl Aziridine Opening: Regioselective and Stereospecific Aryl Grignard Addition.

The copper catalyzed regioselective and stereospecific opening of CF-aziridines is reported. This method focuses on the synthesis of α-CF-β-arylethylamines, which can be potential key intermediates in the synthesis of synthetic analogues and biologically active molecules. Density functional theory calculations reveal the nature of the active copper species and the role of the LiClMgX (X = Cl or I) as a Lewis acid.

Modeling the occupational health risk of workers caused by environmental release during the production of PC components.

Prefabricated construction is one of the solutions to the problem of balancing environmental improvements with the new buildings in the construction industry. Some work originally done on site is transferred to the front end, and the occupational health risks to industrial workers during the production of prefabricate concrete components are thus aggravated. This study aims to propose a framework to simulate the occupational health risks of workers in prefabricate concrete component plants from the perspective of risk identification, risk assessment, and risk control.

Research Progress and Improvement Ideas of Anti-Epidemic Resilience in China's Urban Communities.

In the post-epidemic era, China's urban communities are at the forefront of implementing the whole chain of accurate epidemic prevention and control. However, the uncertainty of COVID-19, the loopholes in community management and people's overly optimistic judgment of the epidemic have led to the frequent rebound of the epidemic and serious consequences. Existing studies have not yet formed a panoramic framework of community anti-epidemic work under the concept of resilience.

Key Influencing Factors and Optimization Strategy of Epidemic Resilience in Urban Communities-A Case Study of Nanjing, China.

COVID-19 has posed a significantly severe impact on both people’s lives and the global economic development. Increasing the community epidemic resilience will considerably improve the national public health emergency response capacity from bottom to top. This study identifies the influencing factors of community epidemic resilience through systematic literature review under the 4R framework, then obtains the relationships of influencing factors through Interpretive structural model, and finally assesses the performance of epidemic resilience using PROMETHEE II method through empirical cases in Nanjing, China.

Efficacy and Safety of Remimazolam Besylate versus Dexmedetomidine for Sedation in Non-Intubated Older Patients with Agitated Delirium After Orthopedic Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of remimazolam besylate compared with dexmedetomidine for the relief of agitated delirium in non-intubated older patients after orthopedic surgery.

Patients And Methods: Seventy-five patients were randomly divided into two groups. Patients assigned to the remimazolam group received a loading dose of 0.

Copper Catalyzed Regioselective and Stereospecific Aziridine Opening with Pyridyl Grignard Nucleophiles.

Copper catalyzed regioselective and stereospecific coupling between aziridines and generated pyridine Grignard reagents is reported. This method provides β-pyridylethylamines with diverse structures and functionalities from aziridines and iodopyridines. β-Pyridylethylamines are potential scaffolds for the synthesis of biologically active compounds often found in pharmaceuticals.

From Molecular to Behavior: Higher Order Occipital Cortex in Major Depressive Disorder.

Medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) and other regions like the occipital cortex (OC) exhibit abnormal neural activity in major depressive disorder (MDD). Their relationship to specific biochemical, psychophysical, and psychopathological changes remains unclear, though. For that purpose, we focus on a particular subregion in OC, namely middle temporal (MT) visual area that is known to mediate the perception of visual motion.

Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Deprivation Combined With Fluoxetine Protects Against Depression-Induced Damage and Apoptosis in Rat Hippocampi A1 Adenosine Receptor.

Rapid eye movement sleep deprivation (REMSD) and fluoxetine affect depression, yet the detailed molecular mechanisms were not clear. Rat depression chronic unpredictable stress was constructed, and the body weight of rats was measured. The efficacy of REMSD and fluoxetine on the pleasure experience, exploration, and cognition of rats with depression was determined by the Sucrose preference test, the open field test, and Morris water task, respectively.

Reduction of higher-order occipital GABA and impaired visual perception in acute major depressive disorder.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a complex state-dependent psychiatric illness for which biomarkers linking psychophysical, biochemical, and psychopathological changes remain yet elusive, though. Earlier studies demonstrate reduced GABA in lower-order occipital cortex in acute MDD leaving open its validity and significance for higher-order visual perception, though. The goal of our study is to fill that gap by combining psychophysical investigation of visual perception with measurement of GABA concentration in middle temporal visual area (hMT+) in acute depressed MDD.

Respiratory Variations in Peak Peripheral Artery Velocities and Waveforms for Rapid Assessment of Fluid Responsiveness in Traumatic Shock Patients.

BACKGROUND This study aimed to assess the correlation between the variability of the end-inspiratory and end-expiratory blood flow waveform and fluid responsiveness (FR) in traumatic shock patients who underwent mechanical ventilation by evaluating peripheral arterial blood flow parameters. MATERIAL AND METHODS A cohort of 60 patients with traumatic shock requiring mechanical ventilation-controlled breathing received ultrasound examinations to assess the velocity of carotid artery (CA), femoral artery (FA) and brachial artery (BA). A rehydration test was performed in which of 250 mL of 0.

Melatonin ameliorated CUMS-induced depression-like behavior via restoring endoplasmic reticulum stress in rat hippocampus.

Melatonin is a hormone synthesized and secreted by the pineal gland with the effect of regulating sleep rhythm. Circadian and sleep disturbances may be central for understanding the pathophysiology and treatment of depression. Recently, the melatonergic system has been implicated in the pathophysiology and treatment of depression.

Synthetic Studies toward Bazzanin K: Regioselective and Chemoselective Three-Component Suzuki Coupling.

The terphenyl substructure of the chiral cyclophane natural product bazzanin K was constructed. The key step involved sequential Suzuki couplings of a nonsymmetric dibromobenzene, which can be performed as a two-step process or as a one-pot three-component coupling. The key step represented a regioselective coupling of a dibromobenzene, as well as a chemoselective coupling of phenyl bromides in the presence of phenyl chlorides.

Total Synthesis of (-)-Cephalotaxine and (-)-Homoharringtonine via Furan Oxidation-Transannular Mannich Cyclization.

Homoharringtonine and its congener cephalotaxine were synthesized. Oxidative ring-opening of a furan unveils an amine-tethered dicarbonyl, which undergoes spontaneous transannular Mannich cyclization. The cascade builds the full cephalotaxine substructure in a single operation in 60 % yield.

CSF miR-16 is decreased in major depression patients and its neutralization in rats induces depression-like behaviors via a serotonin transmitter system.

Background: Animal and cell line studies demonstrated that miR-16 may be associated with major depressive disorder (MDD) via regulation of the expression of serotonin transporter (SERT) gene. However, human studies about miR-16 of patients with MDD are still lacking. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible involvement of miR-16 in the mechanism of MDD in humans.

A dual-role of Gu-4 in suppressing HMGB1 secretion and blocking HMGB1 pro-inflammatory activity during inflammation.

Background: High mobility group box 1(HMGB1) was first recognized as a nuclear protein that increased the chromatin remodeling and regulates transcription of many genes. In recent years, HMGB1 has been identified as a critical "late" pro-inflammatory mediator due to its unique secretion pattern and lethal effects in sepsis. Therefore, preventing the active release and inhibiting the pro-inflammatory activity of HMGB1 become promising strategies for the treatment of sepsis.