Nogo-A Protein Mediates Oxidative Stress and Synaptic Damage Induced by High-Altitude Hypoxia in the Rat Hippocampus.

Objective: High-altitude hypoxia exposure often damages hippocampus-dependent learning and memory. Nogo-A is an important axonal growth inhibitory factor. However, its function in high-altitude hypoxia and its mechanism of action remain unclear.

Optical properties of quasi-two-dimensional GaAs/AlGaAs nanosheets prepared by releasing epitaxial layer.

Quasi-two-dimensional nanosheets exhibit novel properties and promising applications in optoelectronic flexible devices. Research on non-layered III-V semiconductor nanosheets has been constrained by their covalent bonding connections. In this study, GaAs/AlGaAs heterojunction nanosheets were prepared by releasing an epitaxial layer, and their optical properties were investigated by adopting steady-state and transient absorption spectroscopy.

Spatiotemporal and genetic cell lineage tracing of endodermal organogenesis at single-cell resolution.

During early mammalian development, the endoderm germ layer forms the foundation of the respiratory and digestive systems through complex patterning. This intricate process, guided by a series of cell fate decisions, remains only partially understood. Our study introduces innovative genetic tracing codes for 14 distinct endodermal regions using novel mouse strains.

Controlling the Crystallinity and Morphology of Bismuth Selenide via Electrochemical Exfoliation for Tailored Reverse Saturable Absorption and Optical Limiting.

As an emerging two-dimensional (2D) Group-VA material, bismuth selenide (BiSe) exhibits favorable electrical and optical properties. Here, three distinct morphologies of BiSe were obtained from bulk BiSe through electrochemical intercalation exfoliation. And the morphologies of these nanostructures can be tuned by adjusting solvent polarity during exfoliation.

Dilated cardiomyopathy variant R14del increases phospholamban pentamer stability, blunting dynamic regulation of calcium.

The sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca ATPase (SERCA) is a membrane transporter that creates and maintains intracellular Ca stores. In the heart, SERCA is regulated by an inhibitory interaction with the monomeric form of the transmembrane micropeptide phospholamban (PLB). PLB also forms avid homo-pentamers, and the dynamic exchange of PLB between pentamers and SERCA is an important determinant of cardiac responsiveness to exercise.

Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects of Irigenen Alleviate Osteoarthritis Progression through Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway.

Background/objectives: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent degenerative disease globally, characterized by cartilage degradation and joint dysfunction. Current treatments are insufficient for halting OA progression. Irigenin (IRI), a flavonoid extracted from natural plants with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, has demonstrated potential in mitigating inflammation and oxidative stress in various diseases; however, its effects on OA remain unexplored.

Unimodular Multi-Input Multi-Output Waveform and Mismatch Filter Design for Saturated Forward Jamming Suppression.

Forward jammers replicate and retransmit radar signals back to generate coherent jamming signals and false targets, making anti-jamming an urgent issue in electronic warfare. Jamming transmitters work at saturation to maximize the retransmission power such that only the phase information of the angular waveform at the designated direction of arrival (DOA) is retained. Therefore, amplitude modulation of MIMO radar angular waveforms offers an advantage in combating forward jamming.

Dysregulation of Serum Exosomal Lipid Metabolism in Schizophrenia: A Biomarker Perspective.

Exosomes, crucial extracellular vesicles, have emerged as potential biomarkers for neurological conditions, including schizophrenia (SCZ). However, the exploration of exosomal lipids in the context of SCZ remains scarce, necessitating in-depth investigation. Leveraging ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS), this study aimed to characterize the lipidomic profile of serum exosomes from SCZ patients, assessing their potential as novel biomarkers for SCZ diagnosis through absolute quantitative lipidomics.

Mulberroside A mitigates intervertebral disc degeneration by inhibiting MAPK and modulating Ppar-γ/NF-κB pathways.

Background: Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a common spine disease with inflammation as its main pathogenesis. Mulberroside A (MA), isolated from herbal medicine, possesses anti-inflammatory characteristics in many diseases. Whereas, there is little exploration of the therapeutic potential of MA on IVDD.

Apigetrin alleviates intervertebral disk degeneration by regulating nucleus pulposus cell autophagy.

Background: Intervertebral disk degeneration (IVDD) is a common spine disease, and inflammation is considered to be one of its main pathogenesis. Apigetrin (API) is a natural bioactive flavonoid isolated from various herbal medicines and shows attractive anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties; whereas, there is no exploration of the therapeutic potential of API on IVDD. Here, we aim to explore the potential role of API on IVDD in vivo and in vitro.

Self-Assembled BiGaSeAs Composite Superlattice-Structured Nanowire for Broad-Band Photodetection.

Photodetectors with a broad-band response range are widely used in many fields and are regarded as pivotal components of the modern miniaturized electronics industry. However, commercial broad-band photodetectors composed of traditional bulk semiconductor materials are still limited by complex preparation techniques, high costs, and a lack of mechanical strength and flexibility, which are difficult to satisfy the increasing demand for flexible and wearable optoelectronics. Therefore, researchers have been devoted to finding new strategies to obtain flexible, stable, and high-performance broad-band photodetectors.

Compensation in neuro-system related to age-related hearing loss.

Background: Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) is a major cause of chronic disability among the elderly. Individuals with ARHL not only have trouble hearing sounds, but also with speech perception. As the perception of auditory information is reliant on integration between widespread brain networks to interpret auditory stimuli, both auditory and extra-auditory systems which mainly include visual, motor and attention systems, play an important role in compensating for ARHL.

Rational Design of Three Dimensional Hollow Heterojunctions for Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Applications.

The efficiency of photocatalytic hydrogen evolution is currently limited by poor light adsorption, rapid recombination of photogenerated carriers, and ineffective surface reaction rate. Although heterojunctions with innovative morphologies and structures can strengthen built-in electric fields and maximize the separation of photogenerated charges. However, how to rational design of novel multidimensional structures to simultaneously improve the above three bottleneck problems is still a research imperative.

Troponin T1 silencing inhibits paclitaxel resistance and the development of breast cancer via suppressing rat sarcoma virus/rapidly accelerated fibrosarcoma 1 pathway.

Objective: We aimed to determine the role of Troponin T1 (TNNT1) in paclitaxel (PTX) resistance and tumor progression in breast cancer (BC).

Methods: Differentially expressed genes were obtained from the GSE4298 and GSE90564 datasets. Hub genes were isolated from protein-protein interaction networks and further validated by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction.

Molecular Insights into the MLCK Activation by CaM.

Calmodulin (CaM) is a universal regulatory protein that modulates numerous cellular processes by using calcium (Ca) as the signal. In smooth muscle cells (SMC), one major target of CaM is myosin light chain kinase (MLCK), a kinase that phosphorylates the myosin regulatory light chain and thereby regulates cell contraction. In the absence of CaM, MLCK remains inhibited by its autoinhibitory domain (AID).

Pollution-free interface of 2D-MoS/1D-CuO vdWs heterojunction for high-performance photodetector.

Van der Waals heterostructures provide a new opportunity for constructing new structures and improving the performance of electronic and optoelectronic devices. However, the existing methods of constructing heterojunctions are still faced with problems such as impurity introduction, or complex preparation process and limited scope of application. Herein, a physisorption method is proposed to composite CuO nanorods on the surface of MoSnanosheets.

Disruption of Z-Disc Function Promotes Mechanical Dysfunction in Human Myocardium: Evidence for a Dual Myofilament Modulatory Role by Alpha-Actinin 2.

The gene encodes α-actinin 2, located in the Z-disc of the sarcomeres in striated muscle. In this study, we sought to investigate the effects of an missense variant of unknown significance (p.A868T) on cardiac muscle structure and function.

Comparative effectiveness and functional outcome of C3 & C7 dome-hybrid open-door laminoplasty with traditional unilateral open-door laminoplasty for cervical spondylotic myelopathy.

Objective: The C3 & C7 dome-hybrid open-door laminoplasty was proven to be an effective treatment for multi-levels cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM). However, its superiority over traditional unilateral open-door laminoplasty (UOLP) remains questionable, and no studies have compared the efficacy of this technique with traditional UOLP. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of C3 & C7 dome-hybrid open-door laminoplasty with traditional UOLP in treating multi-levels CSM.

Dihydromyricetin Alleviates Ischemic Brain Injury by Antagonizing Pyroptosis in Rats.

Ischemic stroke is a worldwide disease that seriously threatens human health, and there are few effective drugs to treat it. Dihydromyricetin (DHM) has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiapoptotic functions. We identified pyroptosis following ischemic stroke.